The Great Gatsby《了不起的盖茨比》导读,英文

TheGreatGatsbyBy:WendyFEDCBAuthorABack-groundsymbolismPlotsCharactersCommentsAuthor----FrancisScottKeyFitzgeraldFrancisScottKeyFitzgerald(September24,1896–December21,1940)wasanAmericanauthorofnovelsandshortstories,whoseworksaretheparadigmwritingsoftheJazzAge,atermhecoinedhimself.HeiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestAmericanwritersofthe20thcentury.Fitzgeraldisconsideredamemberofthe“LostGenerationofthe1920s.Author----FrancisScottKeyFitzgeraldHefinishedfournovels,ThisSideofParadise,TheBeautifulandDamned,TenderIstheNightandhismostfamous,thecelebratedclassic,TheGreatGatsby.Afifth,unfinishednovel,TheLoveoftheLastTycoonwaspublishedposthumously.Fitzgeraldalsowrotemanyshortstoriesthattreatthemesofyouthandpromisealongwithdespairandage.Author----FrancisScottKeyFitzgeraldHisfirstliteraryeffort,adetectivestory,waspublishedinaschoolnewspaperwhenhewas13.NovelssuchasTheGreatGatsbyandTenderistheNightweremadeintofilms,andin1958hislifefrom1937–1940wasdramatizedinBelovedInfidel.BackgroundThegreatGatsby,regardthe1920sNewYorkandlongIsland(长岛）asthewholebackground.ItsetintheuppermiddleclassofthemodernAmericansocietyandnarratedsurroundCallaway.The1920sisthehistoryoftheUnitedStates,whichisashortbutspecialperiodandwasknownas“thehustleandbustleoftheage”（喧嚣时代）.Itreferstothe10years,whichfromthefirstWorldWarin1919tothedebacleoftheeconomybeforethe1929.BackgroundSeveralfactorsconstitutetheparticularityofthisera:①TheUnitedStateswasintheoldandnewhistoricalintersection,②Thevigorousdevelopmentofcapitalism③Theagriculturalcivilizationturnintothemodernsocietyofindustrialization.④AftertheWorldWar1,theU.Soccupiedthewealthofthewar,thedebtorcountriesbecamecreditornation.⑤Thegovernmentimplementedthe“laissezfaire”economicpolicy（自由放任)tofreemarket.Thiscreatedthemiracleofthe“Coolidgeboomtimes“(柯立芝繁荣时代）.①Therapidexpansionoftransport,mining,construction;②Electricalappliancesandautomobilemanufacturingindustryrisesharply;③Automobile,electricalequipment,householdappliances,processedfoodbegantoenterhomes;④Estatetransactionsandstockmarketwereparticularlyactive,sosomespeculatorsbecomeupstartinthesegamblingindustry;Thedomesticeconomicsituationisexcellent①wealthhasbecomeajudgeofaperson'ssuccessornot,peoplebegantoblindlymakemoney;②Thehedonism,Spencer'stheoryofevolutionandJames'spragmatismphilosophybecamepopularinU.S,③Traditionalpuritanicalmorality（传统清教徒观念）andtheindustriousandthriftythoughtsofreligiousbeliefgraduallyreplacedbyhedonism,whichchasepersonalwealth,enjoythemateriallife.BackgroundreasonsresultsSheisNick'ssecondcousinandthewifeofTomBuchanan.DaisyoncehadaromanticrelationshipwithGatsby,beforeshemarriedTom.人物amillionairewholivesonEastEgg,andDaisy'shusband.AndhehadanaffairwithMyrtleWilson.HeisGatsby'snext-doorneighborandabondsalesman.Healsoservesasthefirst-personnarratorofthenovel.Ayoung,mysteriousmillionairewithshadybusinessconnectionsandaddictedtoDaisyJayGatsbyDaisyBuchananNickCarrawayTomBuchananDaisyBuchanan'slong-timefriendwithautumn-leafyellowhair,afirmathleticbody,andanaloofattitude.SheisNickCarraway'sgirlfriendformostofthenovel.人物aJewishfriendandmentorofGatsby's,describedasagamblerwhofixedtheWorldSeries.Wolfshiemappearsonlytwiceinthenovel,thesecondtimerefusingtoattendGatsby'sfuneral.George'swife,andTomBuchanan'smistress.Myrtle,whopossessesafiercevitality,isdesperatetofindrefugefromhercomplacentmarriage,butunfortunatelythisleadstohertragicending.amechanicandownerofagarage.Heisdislikedbybothhiswife,MyrtleWilson,andTomBuchanan,whodescribeshimassodumbhedoesn'tknowhe'salive.JordanBakerGeorgeB.WilsonMyrtleWilsonMeyerWolfshiemPlotsAfterNickwaswakingup,hereceivedaninvitationfromhisneighborhood---Mr.Gatsby.HecamethepartyandhadlunchwithGatsby,knewthathewantedtoseeDaisy.NickmovedtoWestEgg.Oneday,hevisitedhiscousin---Daisy,andwenttoNewYorkwithDaisy'shusbandTomandhismistressMrs.Wilson.TheretheyhadapartyandNickwasdrunkcompletely.DaisyandGatsbywerelovers5yearsago.Theymetagainandlovedeachothersaswell.TheyhadaffarisandGatsbydidn'tholdthepartyanymore.PlotsOnthewayhome,Daisywastoouneasytodrivethecar,asaresult,shekilledTom'smistress.Gatsbydeciedtoprotectherandhewouldconfessthemurderwashimactually.Ahotsummerday,GatsbyforcedDaisytotelltruthtoTom.Theyhadaquarrelathotel.DaisyknewGatsbywasbornfromapoorfamily,soshewasindecisivetoleaveTom.TomtoldMr.WilsonthatthemurderwasGatsby.Mr.WilsonkilledGatsbythencommittedsuicide.DasiyandTomleft.NobodycameGatsby'sfuneralexcepthisfatherandNick.Hiswholelifeendedintragedy.SymbolismTheeyesofDoctorT.J.Eckleburg（T.J.埃克而堡大夫的眼睛）Theylookoutfromapairofenormousspectacles.WilsonthinksitisGod’seyeswhichwitnessherwife’sbusiness.ItservicesasakindofcomfortinWilson’sheart,standingforthemoralityjudge.ThegreenlightThegreenlighthasseveralmeanings.Atfirstitisaremotesinglegreenlight,symbolizingthenicethingsandlifethatGatsbypursuingfor.Itistheincarnation(化身)ofsuccess,recognitionandwealth.LaterwhenGatsbyreuniteswithDaisy,thelightiscoveredwithmist.ThisindicatesDaisyhasbeencorruptedinthesoulsociety.Sheisnowtheproductionofthesubstantialsociety.It’sjustagreenlightint