THEGREATGATSBY——Francis·Scott·Key·Fitzgerald了不起的盖茨比@Gabriel_Shin•2020/2/16Francis·Scott·Key·Fitzgerald•2020/2/16LifeandCareerTheGreatGatsby01Dischargedfromthearmyin1919;PublishingThisSideofparadisein1920BorninaSt.Pualmiddle-classfamilyin1896;EnterPrincetonat17writingTheRomanticEgoist;FallinginlovewithZeldaSayreFlappersandPhilosophersandTalesoftheJazzAgepublishedin1920•2020/2/16LifeandCareerTheGreatGatsby01TheBeautifulanddamnedpublishedin1922;asspokesmanofTheLostGeneration;ProducingTheGreatGatsbyin1925.StaringthewritingTheLastTycoonwhichremainedunfinishedwuthhisdeathin1940.Marriageproblem:Loneliness,alconhol...•2020/2/16LifeandCareerTheGreatGatsby01•2020/2/16LiteraryCharacteristicsTheGreatGatsby02F·Fitzgerald:ExcellentchroniclerofJazzAge.Greatness:Findingintuitivelyinhispersonalexperience,theembodimentofthenationandcreatingamythoutofAmericanlifePursuinghisideals:Objectiveenoughtoanalyze,satirizeandcriticizethemSimplicityandgracefulnessMetaphorsandsymbolsBoldimpressionisticandcolorsymbolism•2020/2/16LiteraryCharacteristicsTheGreatGatsby02二十多年创作生涯,发表多部长篇小说和160多篇短篇小说。剧本:《美女和被诅咒的人》(TheBeautifulandtheDamned)、《了不起的盖茨比》(TheGreatGatsby)、《生死同心》、《女人》、《乱世佳人》、《居里夫人》、《我最后一次见到巴黎》等短篇小说:《姑娘们与哲学家们》、《爵士时代的故事》(TalesoftheJazzAge)、《富家公子》、《本杰明·巴顿奇特的一生》、《柏思妮剪发》、《遗失的十年》等。长篇小说:《最后一个大亨》(ThelastTycoon)、《明智的事》、《了不起的盖茨比》、《夜色温柔》(TenderistheNight)、《人间天堂》(ThisSideofParadise)等•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsby03FirstpublishedonApril10,1925.ItissetonLongIsland'sNorthShoreandinNewyorkCityduringthesummerof1922andisacritiqueoftheAmericanDreamThemes:TheDeclineoftheAmericanDreaminthe1920sTheHollownessoftheUpperClass•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyMajorCharactersNickCarraway-Thenarratorofthenovel;movesfromthemidwesttoNewYorktolearnthebondbusiness.JayGatsby-LivesnexttoNickinamansion;DaisyBuchanan-ShallowgirlwhoistheembodimentodGatsby'sdreams;shewasgoingtomarryGatsbybuthewentofftowar.TomBuchanan-HusbandofDaisy;acruelmanwholiveslifeirresponsibly.JordanBaker-Acynicalandconceitedwomanwhocheatsingolf;wantNickgooutwithher.Myrtlewilson-Tomhasanaffairwiththismarriedwoman.GeorgeWilson-Myrtle'shusband•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyTheplotofthenovelGatsbyisapooryouthfromtheMidwest.HefallsinlovewithDaisy,agirlfromwealthyfamily.Asapoorlad,Gatsbyistoopoortomarryher,soDaisyismarryedtoarichyoungmannamedTom.DetermainedtowinDaisyback,Gatsbyearnsenoughmoneytobuyamagnificentmansion.TherehehostsdazzlingpartieseveryweekendinthehopeofattractingtheDaisy'srelativeandhehelpsGatsbytomakeanappointment.Bychancehisnext-doorneighbor,Nick,isDaisy'srelativeandhehelpsGatsbytomakeanappointment.TheyfinallycomeandGatsbymeetsDaisyagain.ButhefindsDaisyisnolongertheidealloveofhisdream.Asenseoflossanddisillusionmentcomeoverhim.DaisyandTomdonotloveeachother.Infact,TomhasamistressbynameofMyrtleWilson,whoisthewifeoftheownerofagarage.•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyJayGatsbyDaisyTomNickTheWilson's•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyNickCarrawayNickissuitedtonarratingTheGreatGatsbybecauseofhisTemperament.Heistolerant,open-minded,quiet,andagoodlistener.Asaresult,otherstendtotalktohimandtellhimtheirsecrets.Asaresultofhisrelationshiptothesetwocharacters,Nickistheperfectchoicetonarrtethenovel,whichfunctionsasapersonalmemoirofhisexperienceswithGatsbyinthesummerof1922.•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbySymbolsColorSymbolism白色——冷漠、空虚白色在美国文学中有着特别的含义:它既可以象征纯洁也可以象征冷漠;即可以象征高贵也可以象征空虚、它既可以使善良显得更纯真但也可以使贪欲更显卑污。小说中白色无疑是属于黛西的:她出场时穿着一身白色衣裙,显得高贵,神秘,洁白,美丽。正是这种貌似的纯洁、美丽童贞、无邪深深吸引着盖茨比,在他内心深处烙下了不可磨灭的印象。使她成为盖茨比迷恋一生,却又无法企及的梦想。黛西如同一个住在白色宫殿的宫殿的公主。在纯真的外表下有着白色所象征的空虚与冷漠。“我们在做什么呢?别人都是怎么度过这一天的?”黛西自己的话将她的空虚无聊表露无遗。•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyColorSymbolism黄色——金钱、衰亡黄色是权利、财富和地位的象征:盖茨比的华丽而贵重的汽车是浅黄色的;与黛西见面时领带是金黄色的;周末宴会上,轿车,食物,酒吧等都是黄色的,所有这些黄色象征着一种喧嚣,金钱至上的氛围。但这种金钱、权势、富贵的象征在小说中总是与死亡相联系。黛西在慌乱中撞死汤姆情人时开的车正是盖茨比那辆黄色定制轿车。盖茨比被杀跌入游泳池的刹那,菲兹杰拉德容他如掉进黄色的丛林中。或许通过这种联系,作者想告诉读者有时金钱正是引领我们走向死亡的罪恶之源•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyColorSymbolism红色——自私既然白色象征着黛西的个性,那么红色无疑能更完美的展示汤姆自私、傲慢、野蛮、残酷的个性。菲兹杰拉德在小说中这样描写到:他总是野蛮地推开挡在他前面的每个人,一头红色鲁莽公牛的倾向跃然纸上。•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyColorSymbolism绿色——希望习惯上人们总是把绿色与青春、活力、春天、希望相联系。然而在这部小说中,菲兹杰拉德赋予绿色以全新的象征意义。长岛码头黛西那盏绿灯无疑是书中的一个主要意向。盖子比的信念就是那盏绿灯,是他终极一生的梦想,盖茨比常常在晚上孤独的望着它,伸开双手想去拥抱它...但是这个过程中盖茨比忽略了至关重要的一点,企图用财富和地位挽回爱情的做法本身就与爱情的真谛相违背。金钱换回的女人身上得到的只有虚情假意。正如小说末尾,尼克又想起那盏绿灯,似乎尽在眼前,实际上却可望而不可及。•2020/2/16TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbyColorSymbolism象征精神废墟的和迷茫的“灰谷”体现在乔治·威尔逊这个小人物上的蓝色:威尔逊初次登场,作者说他是个“浅黄色头发,无精打采,贫血,其貌不扬”还特意提到了有一双浅蓝色眼镜。威尔逊在故事中始终是一个窝窝囊囊、没本事的男人。作者匠心独运,巧妙地利用色彩刻画了人物。•2020/2/16‘Wheneveryoufeellikecriticizinganyone’,hetoldme,‘justrememberthatallthepeopleinthisworldhaven’thadtheadvantagesthatyou’vehad.’“每逢你想要批评任何人的时候,”他对我说,“你就记住,这个世界上所有的人,并不是个个都有过你拥有的那些优越条件。”No—Gatsbyturnedoutallrightattheend.ItiswhatpreyedonGatsby,whatfouldustfloatedinthewakeofhisdreamsthattemporarilyclosedoutmyinterestintheabortivesorrowsandshortwindedelationsofmen.不——盖茨比本人到头来倒是无可厚非的、使我对人们短暂的悲哀和片刻的欢欣暂时丧失兴趣的,却是那些吞噬盖茨比心灵的东西,是在他的幻梦消逝后跟踪而来的恶浊的灰尘。Theonlycompletelystationaryobjectintheroomwasanenormous