Lesson21Madornot?Newwords•1mad[mæd]a.发疯•2reason['ri:zən]n.原因•3sum[sʌm]n.量•4determined[di'tə:mind]•a.坚定的,下决心的madadj发疯的1.bemad发疯,发狂(强调状态)2.“为……而疯狂(着迷)”的表示方法:①bemadabout…I'mmadaboutEnglish.②becrazyabout…gomad发疯,发狂(强调转变)gocrazygoinsane(insane[in'sein]adj.患精神病的,精神病患者的,极愚蠢的)gobananas(go+adj.变得……)Theyaregoingbananas.=goingcrazy=goingmad(变疯了)Islowlygoinsane/gocrazy/gomad/gobananas.3.bemadatsb生某人的气4.drivesbmad逼疯reason1)n.原因forthisreason由于这个原因Forthisreason,Iwaslate.由于这个原因,我迟到了。forsomereason由于某个原因(some:某一个,加可数名词单数)giveareason提出理由therootreason根本原因thereasonisthat…理由是…thereasonwhy…isthat……的理由是…eg.ThereasonwhyIstudyEnglishisthatIenvythosewhospeakEnglishwell.我学习英语的理由是我羡慕那些讲英语很好的人。•2)理性,正常心智eg.Onlymanhasreason.只有人类才有理性。loseone’sreason丧失理智beyondallreasons毫无道理bringapersontoreason使(某人)明白道理,使不做糊涂事reasonableadj.合情合理的,良好的,尚可的atareasonableprice以合理的价格cause导致某事发生的起因thecauseofthefire大火的起因eg.Smokingisoneofthecausesoflungcancer.吸烟是肺癌的起因之一。sumn.量alargesumof:大量的,喜欢跟钱连用一大笔钱alargesumofmoneysumn.量•表“许多”的短语:•agreatmany+pl.•agreat/largenumberof+pl.•anamountof(money)•a(large)sumof(money)修饰货币n.大意,要旨thesumofaspeech演讲大意sumup(1)合计sumupalltheexpenses把所有的花费加起来(2)总结,概括eg.Tosumup,heagreeswithus.总的来说,他同意我们的观点。insum=inaword/inshort/inbrief总之,要言之determinedadj坚定的,下决心的determinevt.决定,确定,影响determineadateforameeting确定开会的日期determineonsth决定做某事determinetodostheg.WedeterminedtostudyEnglishhard.我们决定要努力学习英语。bedeterminedtodosth.下决心做某事eg.Iamdeterminedtostayhere.我决定留下来。表示下决心做某事,句型知多少?makeupone’smindtodosthdecidetodosthmakeadecisiontodosth课文讲解Madornot?1、Madornot?=madornotmad?ornot在疑问词的后面,表示“是还不是”,选择概念2、Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.1).aeroplane=airplane飞机2).drivesbmad把某人逼疯(难点P94)e.g.Youaredrivingmemad.drive(drove,driven)eg.Hedriveshiscarverybadly.他开车技术非常糟糕。eg.Thefarmerdrovethecattleinthefield.那位农夫把牛赶进田里。eg.Ourarmydrovetheenemyback.我们的军队把敌人赶回去了。eg.Duringthewar,manypeopleweredrivenoutoftheirhomes.战争期间,许多人被赶出家园。3、Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.nightandday日日夜夜,夜以继日passingplanes过往飞机(passing是现在分词,作定语,起形容词作用,修饰planes,“经过的(路过),过往的”)Heforgotthemanwithpassingtime.随着时间的消逝,他忘掉了那个人。sleepingbaby正在睡觉的小孩waitingcar正在等待的车4、Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.•1)years前面不加确定的数词时,一般表示“许多年”yearsago=manyyearsago,weeks等的用法与它相似•Ihavenotseenhimforweeks.•2)forsomereason由于某个理由•some+可数名词单数:某一somebook•some+可数名词复数:一些somebooks•some+不可数名词:一些somewater•I’lltellyousomeday.•We’lltalkaboutitsomeothertime.•我们改日再谈这件事。5.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.1)comeintouse:投入使用(永无被动,物作主语)comeinto:进入得到、获得财富eg.Theairportcameintouselastyear.这个机场去年投入使用。gooutofuse停止使用2)over=morethan3)awayfrom离开4)Home,family与house的区别(P94难点)home:家,强调有感情;house仅仅指房子;family:家人home=family+housemusthavedone对发生完的事情有把握的判断musthavebeendone(被动形式)6.Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane.1).oneof的用法(3点)+名词复数+谓语动词的单数+形容词的最高2)left表示被留下来的,leave---left---left,left作定语后置,常放n.后.left剩下的……东西,相当于“Whoareleft(bytheothers)其他人走了留下他们”Ihaveabagleft.Thereistencentsleftinmypocket.(cent[sent]n.(货币单位)分,分币)3)sometimes有时候sometime(过去或将来)某时候sometime一段时间sometimes几次,几倍(注:这是中国人的用法,地道的说法是:severaltimes)4)knockdown拆散,撞倒knockat敲knockout打昏knockoff下班;从…碰下去;优惠,折扣knockover撞翻,打翻,撞倒•Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.•offerv.提供(相当于given)•offerhelp提供帮助•offerasumofmoney提供一笔钱•offerajob提供一份工作•offersbsth•offersthtosb•双宾语的被动语态中,主语有两种可能;以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语•givesb.sth.——被动sb.begivensth.•givesth.tosb.——被动sth.begiventosb.•双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语•原文句型结构sb.beofferedsth.•bedeterminedtodosth下定决心要做7.EverybodysaysImustbemadandtheyareprobablyright.1)Everybody不定代词作主语谓语动词用单数2)mustbe表对现在事实的肯定推测•动词语态•英语动词有两种语态•主动语态:主语是动作的执行者•被动语态:主语是动作的承受者•ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)•Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)被动语态构成•助动词+及物动词的过去分词•(be+P.P.)以see为例,比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式时态主动语态被动语态(be+过去分词)一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen肯定句,否定句及疑问句如下。CarsaremadeinChangchun.CarsarenotmadeinChangchun.---ArecarsmadeinChangchun?(---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.)Wherearecarsmade?p26被动语态使用方法•Whencanweusethepassivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁,或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。•Mybikewasstolenlastnight.•Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。•ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.•Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.•3.为了更好地安排句子Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.(一个主语就够了)•4.在上下文中,为了使句子间连接紧密时。如:•Ihaveanewskirt.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyaunt.主动语态改为被动语态的方法•将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。•将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。•将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。将下列句子改成被动语态。•1.WeuseEnglishasaforeignlanguage.→•Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage(byus)•2.PeoplewritebusinesslettersinEnglish→•Businesslettersarewritten(bypeople)inEnglish.•3.TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish.→•Telephonecallsaremade(bythem)inEnglish.•4.T