冶金机械修造厂总降压变电所及高压配电系统设计

本科毕业设计（论文）南方冶金机械修造厂总降压变电所及高压配电系统设计学院专业电气工程及其自动化年级班别学号学生姓名指导教师年月摘要一间冶金机械修造厂如果对输配电系统进行一个完善的规划，能很好地节约资金、合理规划用地、降低电能损耗、提高电压质量、保证系统的正常运行。本论文对输配电进行全面的设计，内容分四大部分。第一部分先从论文的背景和目的进行阐述，然后对原始资料来进行初步的分析，再确定好本论文的设计步骤。第二部分确定好冶金厂各部分的负荷，进行精确的计算，通过无功补偿来提高系统的功率因数减少电能的损耗。根据负荷的重要性和负荷的大小进行初步的变压器选择和合理的主接线、供电线路的设计。第三部分主要是确保系统的安全，首先对系统进行精确的短路计算，然后根据所得到的短路电流和冲击电流进行一系列的高低压设备的选择与校验，保证系统的正常运行。第四部分根据设计的要求，最后进行防雷保护措施的选择和接地装置的设计，增加系统的安全性。在论文的最后还附上设计的图纸和计算过程。关键词：负荷计算,主接线设计，短路计算，配电装置AbstractAMetallurgicalMachineryfactoryifthetransmissionanddistributionsystemhaveasoundplanning,savingscanbegood,reasonablelanduseplanning,reducingpowerloss,upgradequalityandensurethenormaloperationofsystems.Inthispaper,transmissionanddistributionofacomprehensivedesign,contentisdividedintofourparts.Thefirstpartdiscussedthebackgroundandpurpose,thentherawdatatoconductapreliminaryanalysis,todetermineagoodstepinthedesignofthisthesis.Thesecondpartofthemetallurgicalhaveplanttoidentifygoodpartoftheload,anaccuratecalculation,throughthereactivepowercompensationsystemtoimprovethepowerfactortoreducethepowerloss.Accordingtoloadtheimportanceandthesizeofareasonableloadthemaincables,powersupplylinesandpreliminarydesignofthetransformerchoice.Thethirdpartistoensurethatthesafetysystem,firstofall,thesystemaccurateshort-circuit,andthenbethebasisofthecurrentshort-circuitcurrentandimpactofaseriesofhighandlowvoltageequipmentselectionandvalidationtoensurethenormaloperationofsystems.Thefourthpartofthedesigninaccordancewiththerequirementsoflightningprotectionmeasuresforthefinalselectionandgroundequipmentdesign,increasedsystemsecurity.Inthefinalpapersalsoincludethedesigndrawingsandcalculationprocess.Keywords：Loadcalculation,Mainwiringdesign,Short-circuitcalculation,DistributionDevice1目录1绪论........................................................................................................................11.1论文背景及目的............................................................................................11.2论文研究方法................................................................................................11.3供电设计的主要内容....................................................................................12负荷计算与无功功率补偿......................................................................................22.1负荷计算........................................................................................................22.1.1负荷计算的意义..................................................................................22.1.2按需要系数法确定计算负荷..............................................................22.1.36kV负荷计算......................................................................................32.1.4NO.1~NO.5变电所380V负荷计算..................................................32.2无功补偿计算................................................................................................42.2.1确定补偿容量......................................................................................42.2.2补偿后的功率因素..............................................................................73变压器选择与主接线方案的设计..........................................................................83.1选择降压变压器............................................................................................83.1.135kV/6kV变压器的选择....................................................................83.1.26kV/380V变压器的选择....................................................................93.2工厂主接线方案的比较..............................................................................103.2.1工厂总降压变电所高压侧主接线方式比较....................................103.2.2工厂总降压变电所低压侧主接线方式比较....................................103.2.3工厂总降压变电所供配电电压的选择............................................113.3总降压变电所电气主接线设计....................................................................113.4高低压配电柜选择......................................................................................114短路电流计算........................................................................................................134.1短路计算的意义..........................................................................................134.2短路计算......................................................................................................135电气设备选择........................................................................................................1525.1电气设备选择与校验的条件与项目..........................................................155.2设备选择......................................................................................................155.2.1断路器的选择....................................................................................155.2.2隔离开关的选择................................................................................175.2.3高压熔断器选择................................................................................185.2.4电压互感器的选择............................................................................195.2.5电流互感器的选择............................................................................205.3母线与各电压等级出线选择.................................