法律英语课件-Legal English(case brief)案例摘要

EnglishCasesCaseBriefCitationCaseReporterCivillitigationHowtoreadEnglishCasesMarburyv.MadisonCaliforniav.O.J.SimpsonMirandav.ArizonaGreenmanv.YubaPowerProducts,Inc.Hamerv.Sidway1.CaseNameE.g.Marburyv.MadisonV.isshortforversus(诉求）2.CourtrenderingtheopinionE.g.NewJerseySupremeCourt3.Citation4.Justicewrotetheopinion5.Opinionstatingtheissueraised,describingthepartiesandfacts,discussingtherelevantlaw,andrendingjudgment.1.主审法官的意见用现在时态；前审法院的意见用过去时态；2.主审法官的意见是法院意见；3.除法院意见外还有两种意见，被称为“反对意见”与“配合意见”。反对意见（dissentingopinion)___opinionofferedbyajudgedisagreeingwiththemajoritypanelofjudges’conclusion配合意见(concurringopinion)___opinionwrittenbyajudgeagreeingwiththemajority6.Votesofthecourtaffirmance(维持原判）reversal(撤销原判）remandment（发回重审）Courtdecisionsarecompliedchronologicallybydateofissuanceandpublishedinvolumescalledcasereporters.Lawreportsincludedecisionsofcourtappealsandthedecisionsofthesupremecourtsthatgivethecommonlawlawyerinformationonthestatusofthelaw.Itisalsothesedecisionsthatastudentoflawschool.Acitationidentifiesalegalauthorityorreferencework,suchasaconstitution,statute,courtdecision,administrativerule,ortreatise.Thefunctionofacitationistohelpareadertodolegalresearches,whichservestohelpthereaderlocatealegalauthorityorreferencework.Astandardcasecitationcontains:1.thenameofthecase;2.thepublishedsourcesinwhichwecanfindthecase;3.informationinparenthesesindicating;A.theyearthedecisionwasissued,andB.Whennotapparentfromthenameofthecitedreportedvolume,thecourtwhichissuedtheedecision;and4.thepriororsubsequenthistory,ifany,ofthecase.Thenameandthecitationofthecase----namesoflitigantsandcorrectlegalcitationforthisreportedcase.NameOfficialCitationUnofficialSourcesYearFunction:tohelpareadertodolegalresearches.Hebbv.Severson,201P.2d156(Wash.1984)Hebb----plaintiffSeverson---defendant(volume201ofthePacificReporterSecondSeriesbeginningonpage156)(WashingtonStateSupremeCourt)Jacksonv.MetropolitanEdisonCo.,384F.Supp.954(M.D.Pa.1972),aff’d,483F.2d754(3dCir.1973),aff’d,419U.S.345(1974)Name:Jacksonv.MetropolitanEdisonCo.AdecisioninthecaseofJacksonv.MetropolitanEdisonCompanyisreportedinvolume348oftheFederalSupplement,beginningatpage954ofthatvolume.ThisdecisionwasissuedbytheUnitedStatesDistrictCourtfortheMiddleDistrictofPennsylvania[M.D.Pa.]in1972.TheDistrictCourt’sdecisionwasaffirmed[aff’d]onreviewbytheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheThirdCircuit[3dCir.],withtheThirdCircuit’sdecisionissuedin1973andpublishedinvolume483oftheFederalReporter,SecondSeries[F.2d],beginningatpage754inthatvolume.TheThirdCircuit‘sdecisionwasreviewedandaffirmed[aff’d]bytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt,whosedecisionwasissuedin1974andpublishedinvolume419ofUnitedStatesReports[U.S.],beginningatpage345inthatvolume.Example:Statev.Yoder,49Wis.2d430,182N.W.2d539(1971)1.93N.J324,461A.2d138(1983)2.Morganv.UnitedStates,298U.S.468,56S.Ct906,80L.Ed.1288(1936)3.NewYorkTimesCo.v.Sullivan376U.S.254(1964)Casebrief（案例摘要）———对案例汇编中收录的案例所做的概述。Ashortsummaryofapublishedcase.Acasebriefisonewaytosummarizeareportedcase.Thebriefhelpsyouidentifythekeyfactsandissues;thenyouarepreparedtocomparethereportedcasewithyourclient’ssituation1.Whoaretheparties?2.Ifthecaseisanappeal,whathappenedinthelowercourt(s)?3.Whathappenedtobringthesepartiesintocourtinthefirstplace?4.Whatisthelegalquestionbeforethiscourt?5.Whatrules(primarylaw)didthecourtrelyoninreachingitsdecision?6.Howdidthecourtanalyzethefactsinlightofthelegalquestionandtherules?7.Howdidthecourtresolvethedispute?A.Thenameandthecitationofthecase____namesoflitigantsandcorrectlegalcitationforthisreportedcase.B.Thejudicialhistory____Whathappenedtobringthepartiesbeforethecourt?C.Thefacts____Whathappenedtobringthepartiesbeforethecourts?D.Theissues____Whatisthelegalquestionbeforethiscourt?E.Therules____Whatrules(primarylaw)didthecourtrelyOninreachingitsdecision?F.Theanalysis(reasoning)____Howdidthecourtanalyzethefactsinlightofthelegalquestionandtherules?G.Theconclusion____Howdidthecourtresolvethedispute?1.Thefactsofthecase:thestatementofthefactsofthecaseincludesonlythosefactsthatarerelevantforthe(appellate)court’sdecision.Facts:NecessaryfactUnnecessaryfactHypotheticalfact2.Thelegalhistoryofthecase:thedispositionofthecasebythefirstcourttoconsiderit,thetrialcourt,andbyanylowerappellatethatalsoconsideredthecase.3.Theissueorissuesraisedonappeal:alegalissueorlegalissuesthatoneofthepartiestothelawsuitclaimswasorwereincorrectlyresoledbyanyoneofthelowercourts.4.Theholding:theresolutionofthislegalissuebythecourtwhosedecisionOneisreading.5.Ratiodecidendi(判决理由)(rules):(StareDecisis)theprincipleoflawnecessarytoreachtheholdinginthecase.Anygeneraldiscussionincludedintheopinionofwhichisnotnecessaryforresolvingtheissueraisedonappealisreferredtoasobiterdictaorsimplydicta.(遵循先例原则）StareDecisisDoctrineofPrecedentCommencingaLawsuitPre-trialTrialJudgment,Enforcement,andAppeal1.Consideringquestions2.ChallengetothePlaintiff‘schoicesubject-matterjurisdictionpersonaljurisdic