大学英语四级提纲式作文写作

提纲式命题作文•Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitledShouldpeopleowncarsornot?Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow.Yourcompositionshouldbeatleast120words.Outline:1、有人赞成个人买车。2、也有人持相反观点。3、你的看法。ShouldPeopleOwnCarsorNot?ShouldPeopleownCarsornot?•Nowhavingacarismoreandmorepopular,somanyfamilyswanttobuyacar.Theythinkit’suseful.Someyoungsthinkit’scool,andmanypeoplethinkit’sconvenentwhentheyhaveaprivatecar.Theydon’tneedtowaitthecrowdedbus/sotheycangotoworkontime.It’ssavethetime.Andtheyalsocandrivethecargowherevertheywantto.Afamilycanhaveatraveltogethter.It’scomfortable.Inaword,theycanimprovethequalityoftheirlifewithacar.Especiallytheincreasingofprivatecarcanpromotetheeconomic.Itcanleadthedevelopmentofmanyindustries.It’sgoodforourcountry’sdeveloping.作文评分原则及标准14分–漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，连贯性好，基本上语言无误。11分—清清楚楚：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。8分—马马虎虎：基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中一些是严重错误。5分—糊里糊涂：基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语法错误。2分—一塌糊涂：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严重错误。Praise,AnImportantGiftSomepeoplethinkthatcritismcanchangeone’sviewoflife.However,manypeoplearguethatpraiseismoreimportant.Inmyopinion,praiseismoreprofitablethancritism.Praiseislikefreshair,withoutit,ourlifewillbecomeuninterestingandinhappy.Givingpraisedoesnotcostthegiveralot,but,thereceivercanlearnmuch.Therearemanypeoplewhosucceedatlastwithapraise,Takemyselfforexample.Thoughithappenedalongtimeago,Irememberitclearly.ItwasasportsmeetingandIattendit.Atfirst,IwasveryconfidentandthoughtIwasthebestofthem,soIhadnotraining.Thetruthwas,duringtherace,manystudentsleftmebehind.ThenIwanttogiveupandwasfrustrated.Fortunately,myPEteachercameandpattedonmyback:”Aslongasyousticktocontinue,successwillbelongtoyou.Ibelieveyou,comeon!”Hesaidwithasmile.Youknow,Iimproveddramaticallyandwontheprize.So,praiseisanimportantgift.试评分！！！写作对策•内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点•作文结构层次是否清晰•语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误•是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语•作文字数是否达到要求•卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮写作体裁•议论文•说明文•记叙文议论文开头常用句式•Recently,theproblemof…hasarousedpeople’sconcern.•…hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.•Nowadays,…hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.•Itiscommonlybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…•Manypeopleinsistthat…•Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…•Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…议论文结尾常用句式•Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wefinallycometotheconclusionthat…•Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat…•Hence/Therefore,we’dbetterarriveattheconclusionthat…•Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.•Allinall,wecannotlivewithout…Butatthesametime,wemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.写作类型•原因类（现象解释型）•观点类对立观点（对比选择型）•办法类（问题解决型）•提问类（视情况而定）•观点类事物性质•利弊类•批驳类观点论证类各种类型的写作方法现象解释型：基本方法为：描述现象→分析原因→对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。对比选择型：基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。问题解决型：基本方法为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。观点论证型：基本方法为：分析主题→得出结论→举例论证→得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。三段式作文的结构安排表明对立的双方观点表明个人态度及理由总结重申自己的立场，联系现实，展望未来。。号召行动。以事实论证，举例论证，因果论证，反面论证等方式进行论证总结重申自己的立场，联系现实，展望未来。。表达个人观点•Inmyopinion…•Frommypointofview…•AsfarasIamconcerned,…•Asforme,…•Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…•Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…•Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy…•Isincerelybelievethat…论证方法论点：…反面论证举例论证事实论证因果论证论证方法大学英语四级写作举例论证：forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,asanillustrationIcanthinkofnobetterillustrationofthispointthan…..Itcanmanifestitselfbestin……Itisnotnecessarytocitealltheexamplesofthispoint,butsufficeittomention……Agoodcaseinpointis…….图画作文事实论证：Noonecandenythefactthat……Thereisnodenyingthefactthat…….Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat……Itisobvious/evidentthat……Itiscommonsayingthat……Asweallknow,….Asisshowninarecentsurvey,…..Accordingtoarecentsurvey,…..大学英语四级写作•Thefollowingreasonsmayberesponsiblefor...•Therearetwomainreasonsaccountingforthephenomenon.•除了下面两个原因，没有更好的了。•Icanthinkofnobetterreasonsforthephenomenonotherthanthefollowingtwo.•Severalfactors,bothindividualandsocial,couldaccountforthenegativephenomenon.•Obviously,avarietyofcomplicatedfactorscontributetothephenomenon,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.•很明显，有很多复杂的原因导致这个现象的发生，而下面的是最有代表性的。17图画作文原因论证常用过渡句大学英语四级写作•Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother…Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…•Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.原因论证常用过渡句•Asaresult…•Therefore,….•….,whichhasbroughtabout…./whichwillcontributeto….19图画作文结果论证常用过渡句：大学英语四级写作图画作文反面论证（1句）：1.要是没有……的话，我们就不会取得一个一个伟大的成就2.没能做到…...的人必将在处事中出于不利的位置大学英语四级写作原因类HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fakecommodities)。为什么会有这种现象?2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。Nowadaysalotoffakecommoditiesfloodintothemarketanddogreatharmtotheconsumersandthewholesociety.Whyaretheresomanyfakecommodities?Thefirstreason,inmymind,isthatsomepeopledreamofearningalargesumofmoneyeasilyandquickly.Furthermore,thegeneralsocialatmosphereissomewhatunhealthy---manypeopleattachgreatimportancetomoneyinsteadofhonesty.Lastbutnotleast,somegovernmentofficialsarenotdoin