8种时态标志词

2常见八种时态----标志词1、一般现在时表示：现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态We____(go)toschoolatsixfortyeveryday.Mybrother_____(read)abookonceaweek.goreads一般现在时使用注意事项：1.主语是第三人称时，动词词尾要加“s”或“es”2.表示“习惯性的动作”经常与下列副词连用：3.表示位置移动的动词，如come,go,start,leave,arrive等经常用一般现在时代替将来时，特别在固定的时间表中。4.在表示时间或条件的状语从句中，也经常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。此类状语从句经常由下列连词引导：every–(每…)usually(通常)sometimes(有时)frequently(经常地)always(总是)often(时常)seldom(很少)occasionally(偶尔)表示时间：when,while,before,after,assoonas,till…表示条件：if,unless,incase(=if)注意：表示时间或条件之连词所引导的状语从句,一律用一般现在时代替一般将来时；但如果when及if所引导的是名词性从句的话，则不在此限。Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow,I’llstayathome.Hewillbehappywhenhe______(hear)thegoodnews.Tellmewhenhe______________(arrive).Idon’tknowifhe____________(come).…………….rainshearswillarrivewillcome…………._______2、一般将来时表示：将要发生的动作或存在的状态1.一般将来时常和下列表示将来的时间副词连用:tomorrow,nextyear(week,month…)2.表示即将发生的将来也可用begoingto(将要/打算)或beaboutto(即将/快要)来代替will.Itisgoingtorain.Thetrainisabouttostart.(不与具体时间状语连用)3.Beto+V表示“一定…”Heistoarrivetomorrow.4.表示“开始”,“来,去”等动词常常用现在进行时表将来.Heiscomingheretomorrow.3、一般过去时表示：过去发生的动作或存在的状态一般过去时经常和下列表示过去时间的副词连用：…ago(…前)anhouragoafewdaysagolast…lastnightlastweeklastyearyesterdayyesterdaymorningthedaybeforeyesterdaythismorning,justnow,theotherday,in+过去时间,inthosedays=then,atthattime注意动词不规则变化4、现在进行时表示：现在正在进行的动作标志：now、Look!Listen!…注意事项：1.现在进行时经常和时间副词now,rightnow,atpresent,atthismoment等连用。2.go,come,leave,start,return等动词若与未来时间(如：tomorrow,nextweek…)表示“不久的将发生的动作”，可用“现在进行时”代替“一般将来时”3.always和constantly与现在进行时连用时，不指正在进行，而指“反复发生”，有时含有不满的情绪。如：Iamalwaysforgettingpeople’snames.Iamconstantlybeingaskedtomakespeeches.Youarealwayssleepinginclass.区别：一般现在时表示：永久性、习惯性、固定性现在进行时表示：临时性、偶发性、短暂性Theearth_____________(move)roundthesun.Theleaves_____________(move)inthewindandrain.movesaremoving5、过去进行时表示：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作标志：atsixyesterdaymorning、from7to9yesterdaymorning、thistimeyesterday、也可用在when和while引导的从句Hewastakingashowerat11lastnight.Theywerecookingwhenthebellrang.(=Whiletheywerecooking,thebellrang.)6、现在完成时注意事项：1.表示“现在刚完成之动作”，经常和下列副词连用：just(刚刚),already(已经),yet(尚)recently=lately(最近)sofar=bynow=uptonow=uptothepresent(迄今；至今)these+一段时间(最近)thisweek/month/year(动作终点在现在)2.表示“经验”，经常和下列副词连用：never(从未),ever(曾经),once(一次),before(以前),twice(两次),threetimes(三词),Howmanytimes…?(有几次)3.表示“过去继续到现在的动作或状态”经常与for,since,allday等连用。句型如下：主语++has+P.Phavefor+一段时间since+过去时间注意：此用法如果强调现在仍在进行，可用现在完成进行时，如IhavebeenstudyingEnglishforfiveyears.Ithasbeenrainingsincelastnight.注意：表示瞬间动作的动词不能用for+一段时间Hehasdiedforthreeyears.(X)Hediedthreeyearsago.(√)Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.(√)Itisthreeyearssincehedied(√)注：过去的经验，若时间不确定，用现在完成时，但若时间确定，则用一般过去时。Ihavemethimbefore.Imethimtwodaysago.___________________现在完成时指动现在已经完成，但后果或影响仍然存在。一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。而现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，这是它们之间的主要区别。Hehasgivenupdrinking.(现在已经不喝酒了）Hegaveupdrinkinglastmonth.（只说明上个月戒了酒，现在喝不喝酒不知道。）7.现在完成进行时动词形态：have/hasbeen+doing用法例句继续WehavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears.Hehasbeenreadingsincethismorning.Wehavebeenwaitingforhimallafternoon.---现在仍在学注：本时态用来叙述“从过去某时开始，一直延续到目前的动作”。其特点在强调“动作的延续”。He’sverytired;hehasbeenworkinghardallday.Haveyoubeenwaitingforalongtime.8、过去完成时-----过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。标志：before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.Thetrain________beforewereachedthestation.Hesaidhe__________methreeyearsbefore.I_________himtwicebyyesterday.hadgonehadmethadmet1.Whenthespeakerenteredthehall,allthelisteners___________(seat).2.TheAnti-JapaneseWar_________(breakout)in1937anditlastedeightyears.3Unlesshe_________(promise)tohelpus,weshalllosethegame.4.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I_________(meet)herseveraltimes.5.Don'tyouknowit'sthefirsttimehe______________(attend)thiskindofmeeting.wereseatedbrokeoutpromiseshavemethasattended6.Thisdictionarymustn't__________(take)awayfromthelibrary.7.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit_________________(repair).8.Nopermission________________(give)foranybodytoenterthebuilding.9.Manybridges________________(build)overtheriversinceliberation.10.Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland______(speak)topolitely.betakenisbeingrepairedhasbeengivenhavebeenbuiltspoken11.Dinosaurs____________(disappear)about65millionyearsago.12.They___________(ask)tohelpthefarmerswiththeharvestlastautumn.13.Everypossiblemeans_____________(try),butnoneprovessuccessful.14.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundthetickets________________(sellout)andIdidn'tgetone.15.They________________(wait)forthefamousfilmstarfortwohoursandtheywouldwaituntilhearrived.disappearedwereaskedhasbeentriedhadbeensoldouthadbeenwaiting16.Bytheendoflastyearwe_____________(learn)atleast3,000Englishwords.17.There____________(be)greatchangesinChinainthepasttwentyyears.18.Sofaronlyonethirdofthework___________(do)19.Iwastoldthatthecoat_______(cost)about2,000dollars.20.Thenewpen________(write)smoothly;whynotgetonehadlearnedhavebeenhasbeendonecostwrites