后主义时代中国规划理论的范式转变

后新自由主义时代中国规划理论的范式转变作者：张庭伟，RichardLeGates作者单位：张庭伟(伊利诺斯(芝加哥)大学大城市研究所)，RichardLeGates(美国旧金山州立大学城市研究系)刊名：城市规划学刊英文刊名：URBANPLANNINGFORUM年，卷(期)：2009，(5)引用次数：0次参考文献(62条)1.规划理论就相当于法学中的法理学、政治学中的政治理论、建筑学中的建筑理论.2.规划政策的实例包括:环城绿带规划、整合用地规划、交通规划、尊重自然的设计等.与规划理论相似,一个地方的规划政策可能为其它地方制定规划政策时提供参考.但是,它也需要根据特定的时代和文化背景进行调整.3.规划技术与规划理论与实践不同.对于当今规划院校毕业的学生而言,如果要作节能社区规划、公交导向的发展规划、确定城市发展边界或者规划轻轨系统.仅仅掌握规划理论和政策是远远不够的.规划技术能够实现规划政策,反过来它也受到规划理论的影响.处于低层次的规划技术往往能够在不同环境下被直接应用.例如:一个同济大学熟悉GIS技术的学生往往能够轻易地将他在中国学到的规划技术应用于旧金山或者迪拜的规划中.一个法国的交通分析师也能根据捷克某城市具体的人口、用地和交通始发点位置的数据,应用其在法圆学到的规划技术建立交通系统的模型.4.在1909年,美国第一次全国规划会议召开:英国第一部国家城乡规划法通过;世界第一个城市规划系在英国利物浦大学成立(Hall,2002).5.尽管桑亚和他的同事完成了第一个真正关于比较规划文化的研究,但是通过文化系统研究来解读城市的方法并非他们首创.早在1915年,苏格兰生物学家兼规划师基德斯(PatrickGeddes)就在他的著作《进化中的城市》中提出解读城市文化的观点(Geddes,1915).随后这一观点被他的追随者曼福特(LewisMumford)在其《城市文化》(Mum-ford,1938)和后来的畅销书《历史中的城市》(Mumford,1961)中可以进一步发展.6.ALLMENDINGERP.Planningtheory[M].NewYork:PalgraveMacmillan,2002.7.ALTSCHULERA.Thecityplanningprocess[M].Ithica:CornellUniversityPress,1965.8.ARNSTEINS.Aladderofcitizenparticipation[J].JournaloftheAmericanInstituteofPlanners,1969,8(3).9.BANFOELDEC,MARTINM.Politics,planning,andthepublicinterest[M].Glencoe,IL:FreePress,1955.10.BATTYM.Urbanmodeling:algorithms,calibration,predictions[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1976.11.BIRCHE.U.S.Planningcultureunderpressure:majorelementsendureandflourishinthefaceofcrises[M]//ComparativePlanningCultures.NewYork:Roudedge,2005.12.BOYERC.Dreamingtherationalcity:themythofAmericancityplanning[M].Cambridge.M.I.T.Press,1983.13.BREHENYMJ,ALANJH.Rationalityinplanning:criticalessaysontheroleofrationalityinurban＆regionalplanning.London:Pion,1989.14.BURNHAMD.PlanofChicago[R].1909.15.CASTELLSM.Laquestionurbaine.Paris:francoisMaspero,1973.16.DAVIDOFFP.Advocacyandpluralisminplanning[J].AmericanInstituteofPlannersJournal.1965,11(4).17.ETZIONIA.Theactivesociety:atheoryofsocietalandpoliticalprocesses[M].NewYork:FreePress,1968.18.FAINSTEINS,SCOTTC.Readingsinurbantheory[M].London:Bhckwell,2001.19.FISHMANR.TheAmericanphnningtradition[M].Washington:WoodrowWilsonCenterPress,2000.20.FORDGB.Thecityscientific[C].Washington,D.C:Proceedingsofthe5thAnnualConferenceonCityPhnning.1913.21.FORESTER.J.planninginthefaceofconflict[J].JournaloftheAmericanPhnningAssociation,1987,53(3).22.FRENCHT.Plans,pragmatismandpeople:legacyofSovietplanningfortoday'scitiesLondon[M].Pittsburgh:UniversityofPittsburghPress,1995.23.FRIEDMANNJ.Planninginthepublicdomain:fi'omknowledgetoaction[M].Princeton:PrincetonUniversityPress,1987.24.FRIEDMANNJ.Planningculturesintransition[M]//ComparativeplanningCultures.NewYork:Routledge,2005.25.FRIEDMANNJ.Theuseofplanningtheory[J].JPER,2008,28:247-257.26.HALLP.Citiesoftomorrow:anintellectualhistoryofurbanplanninganddesigninthetwentiethcentury[M].3rdedition.Oxford:Blackwell,2002.27.HARVEYD.Socialjusticeandthecity[M].BaltimoreJohnHopkinsUniversityPress,1973.28.HEALYP.Collaborativeplanning:shapingplacesinfragmentedsocieties[M].NewYork:PalgraveMacmillan,1987.29.HOWARDE.Gardencitiesoftomorrow[M].London:SwanSonneschein.1898.30.KEYNESJM.EndofLaissezFaire[M].Irvington,1927.31.KEYNESJM.Thegeneraltheoryofemployment,interestandmoney[J].MacmillanCambridgeUniversityPress,BNPublishingThousandOaks,CA,1930.Reprinted2009.32.KINGAD.Exportingplanning:thecolonialandneo-colonialexperience[M]//CHERNYGE.(ed).Shapinganurbanworld.London:Mansell,1980.33.KUHNT.Thestructureofscientificrevolutions[M].Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress,1962.34.LEAFM.Modernityconfrontstradition:theprofessionalplannerandlocalcorporatismintherebuildingofChina'scities[M]//ComparativePlanningCultures.NewYork:Routledge,2005.35.COR.BUSIERL.Thecityoftomorrowanditsplanning[M].Transhtedfromthe8thFrencheditionofUrbanismebyFrederickEtchells.Cambridge:M.I.T.Press,1967.36.CORBUSIERL.Theradiantcity[M].NewYork:OrionPress,1967.37.DOUGLASLB.RequiemforLargeScaleModels[J].JournaloftheAmericanPlanningAssociation,1973,39:163-178.38.LEFEBVREH.Theexplosion:MarxismandtheFrenchupheaval[M].NewYork:MonthlyReviewPress,1968.39.LEFEBVREH.Laproductiondel'Espace[M].Paris:EditionsAnthropos,1974.40.LEGATESK,ZHANGTW.TheChineseplanner'sguidetowesternplanningliterature[J].UrbanplanningForum,2007(5).41.LINDBLOMC.Thescienceofmuddlingthrough[J].PublicAdministrationReview,1959(19):79-88.42.LINDBLOMC.Politicsandmarkets:theworld'spoliticaleconomicsystems[M].NewYork:BasicBooks,1970.43.MADISIONJ.et.al.FederalistPapers[R]1781.44.MANDELBAUMS(ed).Explorationsinplanningtheory[M].Rutgers:CenterforUrbanPolicyResearchPress,1996.45.MUMFORDL.ThecultureofOdes[M].London:Secker＆Warburg,1938.46.MUMFORDL.Thecityinhistory[M].NewYork:Harcourt,Brace,andWorld,1961.47.NG,MEEK.PlarmingculturesintwoChinesetransitionalcities[M]//ComparativePlanningCultures.NewYork:Routledge,2005.48.PAR.ETOV.Manualofpoliticaleconomy[R].1906.49.SANYALB.Comparativeplanningcultures[M].NewYork:Routledge,2005a.50.SANYALB.HybridPlanningcultures:thesearchfortheglobalcultoralcommons[M]//ComparativeplanningCultures.NewYork:Roudedge,2005b.51.PHILLIPS.Foundationsofthetheoryoforganizations[J].Ame