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兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）--I摘要铁路是大容量和大众化的交通运输工具，铁路追求的重要目标必然是安全运输；计算机联锁设备是保证铁路运输安全的关键信号设备，因而必须具有非常高的安全可靠性。如何在定性地分析和定量地计算的基础上来判断双机热备计算机联锁系统是否能满足信号系统规定的功能和安全的需求，已经成为铁路运输系统的一个重要的研究课题。本论文立足于课题任务的研究，从双机热备计算机联锁系统在铁路实际应用中的基本组成和基本功能入手，根据影响计算机联锁系统安全可靠性的一些关键因素，利用故障树分析法建立联锁设备的故障安全模型，进行安全可靠度分析。再通过建立马儿可夫模型，进一步得出安全度和可靠度表达式，并更加详细的对其进行定性和定量分析。最后通过MATLAB仿真得出安全可靠性的曲线。通过与单机系统的安全可靠度相比较，得出双机热备计算机联锁系统的可靠度要大于单机系统，安全度小于单机系统。结果表明提高故障检测率是提高双机热备系统可靠性与安全性的重要技术措施。因此在选择故障检测覆盖率的具体数值时要综合考虑系统的性能要求，以便得到合理的数值。关键词：双机热备计算机联锁系统；故障树分析；马尔可夫模型；故障检测覆盖率；安全可靠性兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）--IIAbstractRailwayisamasstrafficfacilityofbulkyandpopular.Theimportanttargetofrailwaywishistrafficsafetycertainly.Computerbasedinterlockingequipmentiskeysignalingfacilityforgaranteeringrailwaytrafficsafety.Soit'sneededtobewithveryhighsafety-reliability.Howtojudgeitwhethermeetcertainfunctionandsafetyrequirementsbaseonqualitativeanalysisandquantitativecalculate,havenonresearchaboutworktasksbecomeanimportantresearchtaskfortherailwaysystem.Thispaperisbasedonresearchaboutworkstask,accordingwiththeessentialcomposingandworkingofdualcomputersbasedinterlockingapplicationonrailway,accordingsomekeyfactorseffectoncomputersbasedinterlockingsafety-reliability,establishescorrespondingfailure-safemodelofcomputersbasedinterlockingtoanalyzesafety-reliabilitybymethodsoffault-tree.EstablishingMarkovmodelagainanalysessafety-reliabilityfurtherwithexpressionofsafety-reliability,andthemoredetailedthequalitativeandquantitativeanalysis.Finally,throughMATLABsimulationgettingthesafetyreliabilitycurve.Throughthecomparisonwithsafety-reliabilityofcomputer-basedinterlockingsystemwithsinglecomputer,reachingthereliabilityofcomputer-basedinterlockingsystemwithdualcomputersisgreaterthanstand-alonesystem,butsafetyissmallerthanstand-alonesystem.Theresultsshowthatincreasingfailurecheckingcoverratioaretheimportanttechnicalmeasurestoimprovethereliabilityandsecurityofdualcomputerssystem.Itissoimportanttocomprehensivelythinktherequisitionofsystemperformancethatwouldgetreasonablevalue,whenselectingaspecificvalueoffailurecheckingcoverratio.KeyWords：Dualcomputerssystembasedinterlocking，Methodoffault-tree，Markovmodel，Failurecheckingcoverratio，Safety-reliability兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）--III目录摘要.........................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................II目录..........................................................................................................................................III1绪论........................................................................................................................................11.1课题背景与意义.........................................................................................................11.2课题研究现状.............................................................................................................11.3课题的研究内容与目标.............................................................................................32计算机联锁系统....................................................................................................................42.1计算机联锁系统的基本概念.....................................................................................42.1.1可靠性指标......................................................................................................42.1.2安全性指标......................................................................................................42.1.3计算机联锁系统的构成特点..........................................................................52.2计算机联锁系统的冗余结构.....................................................................................52.2.1计算机联锁系统的可靠性冗余结构..............................................................52.2.2计算机联锁系统的安全性冗余结构..............................................................62.3计算机联锁系统的硬件结构.....................................................................................72.3.1系统的硬件构成..............................................................................................72.3.2系统的硬件层次结构......................................................................................73双机热备计算机联锁系统....................................................................................................93.1双机热备计算机联锁系统的结构组成.....................................................................93.2双机热备计算机联锁系统的工作形式...................................................................104利用动态故障树分析双机热备联锁系统安全可靠性......................................................114.1故障树分析...............................................................................................................114.1.1故障树定义....................................................................................................114.1.2故障树的符号及意义....................................................................................114.1.3故障树的分析方法和步骤..................................................................