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ChapteroneIntroductiontoInternationalBusinessLawIwhatisinternationalbusinesslaw?Internationalbusinesslawisthebodyofrulesandnormsthatregulatesbusinessactivitiescarriedoutsidethelegalboundariesofstates.Inparticular,itregulatesthebusinesstransactionsofprivatepersonsinternationally,andtherelationshipofinternationalcommercialorganizations.国际商法是调整跨国商事活动的法律规范的总称。它调整的是国际私人商事交易关系和国际商事组织间的关系.Thescopeofinternationalbusinesslaw•Lawforinternationaltradingofgoods•Companylaw•Negotiableinstrumentlaw•Maritimelaw•Insurancelaw•Lawofinternationaltechnologytransfer•Industrialpropertylaw•Internationalinvestmentlaw•Internationalfinanciallaw•Internationaltaxlaw•LawofinternationaldisputessettlementIIHistoryofInternationalBusinessLaw•1.theorigin:HammurabiCodes汉穆拉比法典•2.theRomanlaw:JusCivil(civillaw)市民法andJusGentium(publicinternationallaw)万民法•3.theRhodelaw:罗得法•4.LawMerchant’s:商人（习惯）法•5.thecommonlaw:普通法IIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslawANationallawThemostimportantsource.TakeChinaasanexample:TheContractLawTrademarkLawChinese-ForeignjointVenture(Cooperative)Law,TheCivilProcedureLawArbitrationLawIIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslaw•BInternationaltreatiesandconventions•Differencesbetweentreatiesandconvention:•Themostimportantinternationalconventions:TheUnitednationsConventiononContractfortheInternationalSalesofGoods（CISG，联合国国际货物销售合同公约）ConventionfortheUnificationofCertainRulesofLawRelatingtoBillsofLading(theHaguerules，海牙规则)TheParisConventionfortheProtectionofIndustrialProperty(ParisConvention，巴黎公约)UnderstandingontheRulesandProceduresGoverningtheSettlementofDisputes(DSU，争端解决规则与程序谅解）IIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslawCInternationalmodellawDefinition:rulesandnormsworkedoutandpassedbysomeinternationalorganizationsforthefreechoicebynations.Examples:1.ModelLawonInternationalCommercialArbitrationbytheUnitedNationsCommissiononInternationalTradeLaw（联合国国际贸易法委员会国际商事仲裁示范法UNCITRALModelLaw）2.PrinciplesofInternationalCommercialContractbytheInternationalInstitutefortheUnificationofPrivateLaw（国际统一私法协会国际商事合同通则,UNIDROITPICC）IIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslawCInternationalmodellawNocertainlegalvalidityInfluence:1.modelfornationalandinternationallegislature;2.ameansofinterpretingandsupplementingexistinguniformlaw;3.rulesgoverningthecontract(situations?);4.asubstituteforthedomesticlawIIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslawDInternationaltradecustomsandusagesDefinition:thegeneralrulesandpracticesininternationaltradeactivitiesthathavebecomegenerallyadoptedthroughunvaryinghabitandcommonuse.(usedtobeoralbutlatercompiledintowrittenrules)Examples:Warsaw-oxfordRulesbytheInternationalChamberofCommerce（华沙-牛津规则）TheInternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms(INCORMS2010国际贸易术语解释通则）TheUniformedCustomsandPracticeforCommercialDocumentaryCredits（UCP600跟单信用证统一惯例）IIISourcesofinternationalbusinesslawDInternationaltradecustomsandusages•Influence:notlaw,butplaysanimportantrole.•1.asbindingrulesbyagreeduponbythepartiestothecontract.•2.asinterpretingorfillingthegapsinthecontract.•(onlyforusagesthepartiesagreedtobeboundorthatderivefromtheirpastdealings,ortheusagesthepartykneworoughttohaveknownandthatareregularlyobservedintheindustryortradeinvolved.VIInternationalOrganizations•A.OrganizationAffiliatedwithUN隶属联合国的组织•1.TheUnitedNationsEconomicandSocialCouncil•联合国经社理事会•2.TheUnitedNationsCommissiononInternationalTradeLaw(UNCITRAL)联合国国际贸易法委员会•Objectives:promoteinternationaltradethroughharmonizationoftradelawamongnations.•Mostimportantachievements:theentryintoforceofCISG;ModelLawonInternationalCommercialArbitration.VIInternationalOrganizations•A.OrganizationAffiliatedwithUN•3.InternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)(BrettonWoodsConference)国际货币基金组织•Objectives:topromoteinternationalmonetarycooperation,tofacilitatetheexpansionandbalancedgrowthofinternationaltradeandtopromotestabilityinforeignexchange.•Votingrightsofmembers:250basicvotingright,plusvotingrightscalculatedbytheirquotasubscriptions(onevotingrightsforevery10,000.00SDR.)Chinawithavotingrightsof2.54%.—3.72%特别提款权（specialdrawingright,SDR)国际货币基金组织创设的一种储备资产和记帐单位，亦称“纸黄金(PaperGold)”。它是基金组织分配给会员国的一种使用资金的权利。会员国在发生国际收支逆差时，可用它向基金组织指定的其他会员国换取外汇，以偿付国际收支逆差或偿还基金组织的贷款，还可与黄金、自由兑换货币一样充当国际储备。但由于其只是一种记帐单位，不是真正货币，使用时必须先换成其他货币，不能直接用于贸易或非贸易的支付。因为它是国际货币基金组织原有的普通提款权以外的一种补充，所以称为特别提款权。VIInternationalOrganizations•A.OrganizationAffiliatedwithUN•4.“WorldBank”(twoinstitutions)世界银行•TheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment国际复兴开发银行（世界银行）•(loansatmarketterms,nothigh-riskloans)•InternationalDevelopmentAssociation国际发展协会•(loanstopoorcountrieswithaveragepercapitalGNPlessthan$410onmorefavorableterms,butonlytogovernment)•InternationalFinanceCorporation国际金融公司•(loanstoprivateenterprisesindevelopingcountries)VIInternationalOrganizations•B.otherInternationalOrganizations•1.GATT/WTO关贸总协定与世界贸易组织•(relation,aims,roundsofnegotiation,principles,memberships?)•2.TheOrganizationforEuropeanEconomicCooperation欧洲经济合作组织•(foundationbackgrounds,memberships,principles?)•3.InternationalChamberofCommerce国际商会(purposesandcontributiontoworldtrade?)VComparisonofMunicipalLegalSystem•A)LegalFa