(一)精益推展衡量指标精实生产衡量指标LeanManufactureMeasurable’s•进料仓库到出货仓库的时间-DTD(DocktoDock)•首次合格率-FTT(FirsttimeOKthrough)•依排成生产-BTS(Buildtoshecdule)•总合设备效率-OEE(OverallEquipmenteffectiveness)进料到出货时间DTD-DocktoDockTimeDocktoDocktime(DTD)•Definition定义从原材料下货到完称品出货之间的过去时间Theelapsedtimebetweentheunloadingofrawmaterialandthereleaseoffinishedgoodsforshipment.•总DTD时间为产品消耗时间,如原材料、制程作业、与在厂完称品出货前存在品的时间。ThetotalDocktoDocktimeforaproductincludesthetimethataproductspendsasrawmaterial,work-inprocessandasafinishedproductintheplant,priortobeingreleased.衡量指标-DTDDTD进料仓库到出货仓库的时间进料仓库出货仓库生产制造过程制造周期时间-MCT进料仓库到出货仓库时间-DTD进料出货•DTD-进料仓库到出货仓库的时间指原材料进场到制完成品准备出货时间包含制造周期时间•DTD-是衡量物料通过工厂的速度,不仅仅是制程的速度DTDismeasure(inhours)ofthespeedofmaterialthroughtheplant,notthespeedoftheprocesses.衡量指标-DTD•Benefits利益•DTD时间改善通过减少在线物料以及物料的库存总量。这就减少了损坏机会从而也提高了FTTDocktoDocktimeisimprovedbydecreasinginventorieswhichleadstolessmaterialhandlingandstorage.Thisresultsinfeweropportunitiestodamageparts,therebyimproveFirstTimeThrough•改善DTD时间可增进能力支援OTD目标ImprovedDocktoDocktimeleadstoimprovedabilitytosupporttheOrdertodilivery(OTD)target•减少物料管理、废弃以及库存搬运成本,全都可以改善总成本数Lowermaterialhanding,obsolescence,andinventorycarryingcosts,allleadtoimprovedTotalCostnumbers.衡量指标-DTD衡量指标-DTD•为什么Why•工厂必须消除浪费并转变成顾客方向拉动式系统Plantmusteliminatewasteandmovetowardcustomer“Pull”systems.•设置巨大缓冲区生产过多零件(增快制程速度)但是降缓了物料速度Bybuildinglargebuffersyouproductmoreparts(increasethespeedofyourprocess)butslowdownthespeedofmaterials.•减少库存可以减少物料管理以及存储、损坏零件机会较少Decreaseinginventoriesleadstolessmaterialhandlingandstorage,whichresultsinfeweropportunitiestodamageparts衡量指标-DTD•为什么Why衡量生产库存周转的时间管理*DTD生产库存周转的时间管理DTD日程越短则周期越快有效管理库存资金降低生产总成本快速对应客户需求衡量指标-DTD•为什么WhyDTD附加价值(实质)作业(Valueaddedoperation)仅仅少部分DTD绝大部分时间是无附加价值的-等待(wait)停滞(stagnation)-缓冲(Buffer)库存(Storage)-搬运(Transfer)-检查(Inspection)-返工(Rework)衡量指标-DTD•何处Where:1*原材料-购买的零件(管制部件)接收进入工厂开始计数,其中包括连委制件,因为这些已经进为产品构成Rawmaterial–PruchasedPart(controlpart)-Begincountingwhenitisreceivedintheplant,Evenonconsignment,becauseitisalreadyinitsproductform.*原材料变更为产品构成Rawmaterialthatitchangedtoitsproductform衡量指标-DTD•何处Where:2*制程工作,包含物料在修理返工区域以及全部缓冲区Work-in-process(WIP),includingmaterialinrepairreworkareas,andallbuffers*完成产品-所有完成品包含管制部件并入DTD计算直到被从码头交运FinishedGoodsEndItemProducts–AllfinishedgoodscontainingthecontrolpartareincludeintheDTDcaculationuntiltheyarephysicallyshippedfromthedock衡量指标-DTD•何时When:数据收集工作必须在一个作业型态能充分表现生产线优良表现的同一时段内收集Datashouldbecolectedatthesametimewhichbestrepresentstheoperatingpatternofproductline.衡量指标-DTD•如何做降低原材料库存降低安全库存提高进料频度衡量指标-DTD•如何做降低成品库存降低安全库存提高交货频度衡量指标-DTD•如何做减少在制品制程高效率化*目视化防错措施*单件流小批量*作业依排序生产*推进全员生产性保养*缩短转换时间衡量指标-DTD•降低总DTD时间制程工程分析改善物流效率,消除停滞减少搬运制程作业分析改善,降低周期时间消除不良,提高首次合格率排除嫁动损失,提高总合成设备效率善用价值流程图衡量指标-DTD•降低总DTD时间DTD-从价值流图析能作明确有效展现应用工业工程分析改善效率进行时间缩短的改善时间-是各个企业公司同样拥有的唯一等量资源衡量指标-DTD•总合DTD计算:单作业DTD=总管制数/线末速率复合作业(DTD作业1+DTD作业2+DTD作业3)线末速率DTD=计算作业实例计算作业实例计算作业实例首次合格率FirstTimeThrough衡量指标-FTT•定义Definition1*FTT是为在一完整制程生产中,第一次既符合品质要求的产品件数的百分比率*不含被报废、返工、重测、线外修理,退回件数FirstTimeThroughisthepercentageofunitsthatcompleteaprocessandmeetqualityguideline.Thefirsttimewithoutbeingscrapped,return,retested,repaired,orreturned.衡量指标-FTT•FTT首次合格率投入制程总件数(报废+返工+重测+线外修理+退回件数)投入制程总件数Unitsenteringprocess-(scrap+reruns+retests+repairedoff-line+returns)Unitsenteringprocess衡量指标-FTT•定义Definition2*FTT是衡量生产制程的品质Itisameasureofthequalityofthemanufactureprocess*可应用FPS程序工具改善FTT(防错措施、目视化工场、快速转换)WecanimproveourFTTbyapplyingourFPSprocessandtools(error-proofing,visualfactory&quickchangeover).衡量指标-FTT•利益Benefits1*提升制程产出品质降低大量生产库存需求,改善DTD时间Increasedprocess/outputqualityreducestheneedforextraprodutioninventory,improvingDTDtime.*改善以及维护顺序通过制程改善BTSimprovesandmaintainssequencethroughouttheprocess;improveingBuildtoSchedule(BTS).衡量指标-FTT•利益Benefits2*确保仅接受良品,这就提高品质水准与降低生产浪费全面以提升OEEIncreasedqualitybeforetheconstraintensurethatitonlyreceives“goodparts”,whichpromotesahigherqulityrateandreducewastedoutputattheconstraint,whichallimprovetheOEE.*以降低索赔(保证),报废与修理成本改善总成本TotalCostisimprovedthroughlowerwarranty,scrapandrepaircosts.衡量指标-FTT•为什么Why:1*改善FTT成果将:ImprovementsinFirstTimeThroughwillresultin:*提升产能IncreasedCapacity*正对内部以及外部客户改善产品品质Improvedproductqualitytointernalandexternalcustomers*降低过量生产库存以改善DTD时间ReducedneedforexcessproductioninventoryresultinginimprovedDocktoDocktime衡量指标-FTT•为什么Why:2*通过提高生产过程顺序生产能力改善了BTS性能ImprovedablitytomaintainsequencethroughouttheprocessresultinginimproveBuildtoSchedule*提升品质输入以保证操作从而改善OEEIncreasedqualityinputtoconstraintoperationsresultinginimprovedOverallEquipmentEffectiveness*消除因报废、修理与过多库存的浪费结果总成本提高Eliminationofwasteduetoscrap,repair,andexcessinventoryrusultinginimprovedTotalcost衡量指标-FTT•何处Where:*FTT数据收集必须在最终制程FTTdatashouldbecollectedattheendofprocess*延展目标:100%Percent(100%)FTT能力=零制造不良与交送StretchObjective:Onehundredpercent(100%)FTTcapability=Zerodefectsmadeorpassedon衡量指标-FTT•何时When:*首次合格率数据必须收集并至少应用于以班次为单位的出勤上FirstTimeThroughdatashouldbecollectedandused,atmunimum,byshift.*数据必须应用带动日常实践行为FTTdatamustdrivebusinesspracticesbehavior.衡量指标-FTT•计算说明FTTFormula*这个计算结果是一个百分比的值。如果所有单件投入一个制造制程,每个件数都通过过程,计算的结果必定是100%Thiscalculati