英语简单句Tent1.句子的成分主语:表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,由名,代,数,不定式,动名词,短语或句子充当位于句首。谓语:说明主语做什么,是什么或怎么样由动词或动词词组充当,位于主语后。宾语:表示动作行为的对象,通常位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语补足语:补充宾语的成分,通常位于宾语后。由形容词,名词,介词短语等充当。表语:说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。以上的成分称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2-4个基本成分。定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语定语可由以下等成分表示:Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.Tomisaboywholikesmusicverymuch.(形容词)(分词)(名词)(代词)(不定式)(动名词)(介词短语)(从句)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。通常由副词,介词短语和从句充当。状语种类如下:Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(时间状语)Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.方式状语Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.伴随状语Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.目的状语Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.结果状语Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.让步状语Iamtallerthanheis.比较状语同位语:对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释.ThatisMr.Chen,ourEnglishteacher.插入语:对一句话作一些附加的解释.Tobehonest,Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.定语,状语,同位语及插入语可以称为附属句子成分。2.句子的分类分类说明例句简单句由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列连词(and,so,but,or等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom.4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.简单句复合句简单句简单句例句:理解各句意思并标记出主语、谓语和宾语•Lucysingseveryday.•Lucysingsthesamesongeveryday.•Lucysangmeasongyesterdayevening.(=Lucysangasongformeyesterdayevening.)•IheardLucysingingyesterdayevening.•Lucyisagoodsinger.3.简单句的基本句型练习答案及解析:•Lucysingseveryday.•Lucysingsthesamesongeveryday.•Lucysangmeasongyesterdayevening.(=Lucysangasongformeyesterdayevening.)•IheardLucysingingyesterdayevening.•Lucyisagoodsinger.双宾语宾语补足语系动词表语主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾+宾补主+系+表总结:英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型1:S+V(主+谓)基本句型2:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型3:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型4:S+V+O1+O2(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型5:S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)五种基本句型HIGHLIGHTS:基本句型1:S+V(主+谓)&基本句型2:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)*注意区分宾语和状语基本句型3:S+V+P(主+系+表)*注意be动词以外还有哪些系动词基本句型4:S+V+O1+O2(主+谓+间宾+直宾)*注意人和物谁是间宾谁是直宾基本句型5:S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)*注意宾补的构成和it做形式宾语练习1:更正下列句子中的错误1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicwonderful.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabooktome.1.Hecameintotheroom.2.Themusicsoundswonderful.3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Thebossmadetheboyworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabookforme.1.Wearesittingonthetrainbackhome.2.Therecomesthebus!3.Theego’spotentialforexpansionislimitless.4.EveryJanuary,thiscityhoststheInternationalSnowSculptureChampionships.5.Ourneighborsgaveusababybirdyesterday.6.Wethinkitourdutytostudywell.主+谓主+谓主+系+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾+宾补练习2:判断下列句子属于何种句型Homework翻译下列句子并分析属于哪种句型:1.这家供应商总是忘记在发货时带上送货单(billoflading)。2.这是个国际化的公司。3.上周我老板交给(assign)我一项新任务。4.我太太经常叫我努力工作多赚钱。5.同事们都管我们的部门经理叫老王。6.液体洗涤剂在很多家庭已成为(become)洗衣粉的替代品。7.我今天没在吸烟室里吸烟。18英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。Q&A