雅思小作文 - 结构篇

雅思小作文-结构时态确定原则当句子主语是图表，即chart/graph/curve/pie/column/bar/table时，一般现在时当句子主语是图表中的信息时，时态由信息所对应的时间来确定如果没有具体时间，默认为一般现在时结构Introduction总起段Body主体段Conclusion总结段总起段首句改写文章标题主体段1.主题句2.具体趋势+数据支持describe,compare,contrast总结段重申总体趋势有可能的话点出隐藏信息总起段时态：一般现在时无需自己的想法改写原题增加、减少或替换单词连续的5个字不能按顺序的重复出现改写练习BritaintheUKAmericatheUS(A),thestatesduringtheperiodbetween1981and2000from1981to2000duringthelast19years/twodecadesofthe20thcenturyattheturnofthe21stcenturyThetablebelowshowstheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.FamilytypeProportionofpeoplefromeachhouseholdtypelivinginpovertySingleagedperson6%Agedcouple4%Single,nochildren19%Couple,nochildren7%Soleparent21%Couplewithchildren12%Allhousehold11%ThetablebelowshowstheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.改后：ThechartdescribesthepercentageofdiversetypesofpoorfamiliesinAustraliain1999.Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationsinAmericaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationsinAmericaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.改后：Thebarchartillustratesthediverselevelsofpost-schoolcertificatesintheUSandthepercentageofmalesandfemalesholdingthemin1999.亮点句型Accordingto/As(is)shownin/Ascanbeseenfromthetable,chart,diagram,graph,figuresItcanbeseen/observedfrom/wecanseefrom…Itisclear/apparentfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures(that)...主体段时态：一般过去时如果图表是对将来的预测，用一般现在时结构：主题句+分项描述具体趋势段落一张图一般写一段多张图之间如有联系，可写一段；如没联系，几张图写几段流程图一般写一段主题句常用句型Accordingtothe图的类型Asshowninthe图的类型Ascanbeseenfromthe图的类型Itisclear/apparent/manifest/obviousfromthe图的类型that..主题句常用句型Theoverall/generaltrendindicates…Therewasanoverall+趋势Itisclearthat…/Itcanbe(clearly)seenthat…From图的类型,itcanbe(safely)concludedthat…Oneofthemostsurprising/interestingfeatures/trendswas…Aswecanseefromthelinegraph,theDubaigoldsalesfluctuatedin2002.Numberoffull-timeteachersofregularschools(inmillions)inChina(1960-1990).02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yItcanbeseenthattherewasanincreasingtrendfrom1960to1990.However,thereweresomefluctuationsinearlieryears.Accordingtothefigure,althoughthereweresomefluctuationsinearlieryears,thereexistsindeedanincreasingtrend.Theoveralltrendwastoindicatetheincreasinglygrowingnumber,althoughthereexistssomefluctuationsintheearlieryears.具体趋势描写Describe时间顺序突出重点非重点处理Compare比较相同特征Contrast对比不同特征主体段第二句的“具体来说”(可选)Tobemoreexact=moreexactlyTobemoreprecise=morepreciselyTobemorespecific=morespecificallyMorespecifically,inJanuary,goldsaleswere/stoodatabout200milliondirhamspermonth.InFebruarytheyincreasedslightlytoDhs220million,risingsharplytoapeakof350milliondirhamsinMarch.Thenextfourmonthssawasteadydecline,reachingalowpointof120milliondirhamsinJuly.InAugust,therewasasuddenincrease.Salesalmostdoubled,risingfromDhs120millioninJulytoDhs210millioninAugust.ThiswasfollowedbyadropinSeptembertoDhs120millionbeforerecoveringtoDhs180million.InOctoberandNovember,salesremainedsteady,andtherewasasmallincreaseinDecemberto190milliondirhams.02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yAccordingtothefigure,therewasasharpdecreaseinthenumberofteachersfromfivemillionsin1960tothreemillionsin1962,whichwasfollowedbyarapidincreaseoverthenexttwoyears.02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yThenumberroseagainfromjustundersixmillionin1964tosixmillionin1966andthenwentupgraduallyuntil1976whentherewasalevelingoffateightmillionsforthenexttenyears.02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yTheyearsfrom1986to1990sawasteadyriseinthenumberofteachers.总结段重述总体特征再次改写“三不政策”不要主观描述不要分析原因不要寻找本质总结段常用短语inshort,inbrief,inconclusion,insum,insummary,inclosing,toconclude,tosumup,finally,overall,allinall参见‘主题句常用句型’Inconclusion,itcanbeclearlyseenfromthechartthatthemainsalesperiodwasintheearlypartoftheyear,plummetinginthesummer,exceptforasuddenincreaseinAugust.02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yInconclusion,moreteacherswereinChineseregularschoolsinthe1990than30yearsbefore.隐藏信息双刃剑量力而为0102030405060interestfamilyfriendsstudyinggoalstudyinggoalWhatisworthmentioningisthatsincetheoverallpercentagesexceed100%,itcanbeconcludedthatsomeadultschooseseveralreasonsforstudying.WhatisworthmentioningisthattheGDPofacountryiscontradictorywiththestatisticsofpopulationandgrowthrateofpopulation.ThetableillustratestheinformationofthecountriesofMadagascarandMauritiusaroundtheIndianOceanin1999.Whatisworthmentioningisthatthenumbersofpassengersperyearisnotproportionatewiththekilometersofroute.