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Lesson101AcardfromJimmycardn.卡，纸牌；明信片playcardspostcardn.明信片sendsb.apostcard打牌寄给某人明信片NewwordsScotlandn.苏格兰youthn.Inmyyouth,mydreamistobeascientist.年轻时，我的梦想是成为一名科学家。Thefightwasstartedbyagangofyouths.这次斗殴是由一伙小青年引挑起的。hostelahostelforthehomeless无家可归者的收容所hotelassociationn.协会，联盟CFA=ChinaFootballAssociation中国足球协会NBA=ChinaBasketballAssociation中国篮球协会writev.写，写字；写作Hewrotesomeveryfamousbooks.他写了几本很有名的书。write--wrote--written•WheredidJimmystayinScotland?•WhichassociationdoesJimmybelongto?•DidJimmysaymuch?Why?Answerthequestionselseadv.其他，另外1.else是个副词，与不定代词或副词（以-one,-body,-thing,-where结尾的词）连用，表示“另外”、“其它”的意思，用于这些词后面。eg:Wouldyoulikesomethingelsetodrink?你还要喝点别的什么吗？Wewenttotheparkandnowhereelse.我们到公园去了，其它什么地方也没去。2.else还可用在疑问代词或副词（如：who,what,where等）后面表示强调。eg:Whoelsewillgotothemeeting?还有谁要去参加会议？Whatelsedoeshesays?他还说了些什么？3.else还常用于固定结构orelse,意为“否则”、“要不然”。eg:Run,orelsewe'llbelate.快跑，不然我们就迟到了。DowhatIsay,orelse!照我的话去做，否则后果自负。speakupstandup站起来turnuptheTV调大电视音量getup起床putupyourhands举起手lookupatthesky仰视天空upadv.向上,起来,上升,往上Ihopeyouareallwell.Ihope(that)youareallwell.宾语从句的关系连词that常可以省略。Ibelieve(that)theheartdoesgoon.----fromTitanic反义疑问句•表示询问、惊讶、愤怒等感情。•结构：陈述句+简略疑问句•使用规则：A.陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致；B.陈述部分与疑问部分“肯定”和”否定”形式彼此相反。Helikesbooks,doesn'the?Thedinnerisn'tready,isit?•Thedoctorcomesatonce,?•TheystayinaYouthHostel,?•Jimmydidn'twritemuch,?•JimmyhasarrivedinScotland,?•Hewillwritealettersoon,?doesn'thedon'ttheydidhehasn'thewon'theDirectspeech直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeech１）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾三不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变Shesaid,“Iliketennis.”ShesaidthatshelikedtennisHesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearlyShesaidtome,“theywanttohelphim”Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim一随主，二随宾，三不变引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一.原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Directspeech);二.用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech).由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化,注意以下几个方面:直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在进行时“I'mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.直接引语变间接引语时,时态要发生变化:一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.4.部分情态动词,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化直接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenBefore/earlierthatdaythenext/followingday直接引语间接引语thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaycomehereintwodays'timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbefore/earliergothere1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooks…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatdayExerciseII2.Wesaidtoher,“They'rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat___throughthestreet___.A.wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…nowC.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalking…now3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat__alongway__.A.Ihadwalked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweekC.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…thisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat__takeitback____.A.Ishall…tomorrowB.Ishall…thenextdayC.heshould…tomorrowD.hewould…thenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus____afraidtoleave_____house.A.thatwerewe…thisB.thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…thisD.ifwewere…that6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked____about_____.A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…theweekbeforeC.whathehadherd…aweekagoD.ifheheard…theweekago7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?”Sheaskedwhosehouse____breakinto_____.A.willhe…nexttimeB.wouldhe…thenexttimeC.hewould…thenexttimeD.hewill…nexttime8.Jacksaidtoher,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?”Jackaskedherwhere____holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour9.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaven'tyoulefthereyet?”Blackaskedmewhy____yet.A.Ihadn'tleftthereB.Ihaven'tlefthereC.hadn'tIleftthereD.