初中英语动词不定式复习课件-(1)

RevisionTheinfinitive动词不定式定义：不定式的构成是to+动词原形，当然to有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。构成：to+do(动词原形)用法：1、用作宾语(v.+todo)e.g:Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.Ifounditdifficulttofallasleep.我发现很难入睡。needtodolearntodoagreetodostoptodoplantododecidetodogoontodotrytodobegintodostarttodorefusetodoliketodoforgettodoremembertodo2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsbtodowishsbtodogetsbtodoordersbtodofindsbtobelikesbtodowouldlikesbtodohelpsbtodo一感:feel三让letmakehave二听listentohear四看watchseelookatnotice宾语补足语不带to的情况：Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.3.用作状语(adverbial)：HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(目的)(目的)(目的)（结果）It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。e.g:ItisnotdifficultformetostudyEnglishwell.对我来说学好英语不难。4.用作主语1.Togoabroadishisdream.2.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.（不定式作主语时可将其用形式主语it来替换）Itishisdreamtogoabroad.Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.5.用作表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mydreamistobeascientist.6.用作定语Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(主语)(宾语)(宾补)(表语)Idon'tknowhowtouseacomputer.(宾语)注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Whynothavearest?too...to太...以致于不能...enoughto足以...Theboxistooheavyformetolift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。特殊用法1、wouldrather，hadbetter后。eg:Youhadbetterstayathome.2、Why.../Whynot...后。e.g：WhynothaveagoodrestonSunday?为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?3、使役动词let,have,make等后接不定e.g:Lethimgo!让他走!不定式省to有四种情况：宁愿；宁可4、感官动词:see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省to。如：Isawhimdance.我看见他跳舞。（其中help的to可省可不省）e.g:Letmedoit.e.g:Isawhimcrossthestreet.比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.（强调正在）Iheardhersinginthenextroom.（强调全过程）注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to哟！（被动语态中，“to”要还原）e.g:Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.===变成被动句：Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.根据句意,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.It'stimeforus(have)supper．2.Wouldyoulike____(go)shoppingwithme？3.Ittookushalfanhour_______(work)outtheproblem．tohave主语togo宾语towork主语4.Heisoldenough_____(join)thearmy．5.Iamveryglad_______(meet)youhere．6.Theyprefer______(stay)athomeratherthangoout．tojoin结果状语tomeet形容词补足语(原)tostay宾语tosay定语7.Haveyougotanything_____(say)?8.Wesawthem_______(come)intotheroomjustnow．9.Iamsorry．Iforgot_____(tell)youthenews．10.Hisplanis_______(spend)afewdaysinthemountains．11.Doyouknowwhen______(start)？come宾补totell宾语tospend表语tostart不定式短语作宾语12.Heistooweak________(carry)thebigstone．★13.MrBlackaskedtheman___________(notjump)thequeue.★14.Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter________(notwake)himup.tocarry结果状语nottojumpnotwake•Game:makeupasaying•Lookfortheoldsoastolearnthenew!for,the,look,so,as,learn,new,the,to,old!温故而知新!以便；以致Hi,relaxyourself!