搜索
被动的使用1、话题的确立ThefabulousAudi100(1983version)wasintroducedintoChinainthelate1980s.ItwasfirstassembledinShanghaiVolkswagencompany,andthenwasshiftedtotheFirstAutomobileWorksinChangchun.Itwasintendedasanexecutivecarforhighrankinggovernmentofficialsandbusinessexecutivestoreducetheimportofluxuriousforeigncars.2.语篇的连贯PerhapsNakedCametheStrangerwasthegreatestlibraryhoaxofthecentury.Newsdaystaffmemberswroteitschapters,(ItschapterswerewrittenbyNewsdaystaffmembers,)eachwritingindependentlyandnotknowingoftheother’swork.Itwasintendedasanincoherentpromographicnovel,tobepublishedunderthenamePenelopeAshe.AseniorUnitedNationsteamhasarrivedintheAfghancapitaltosecuresafetyguaranteesforUNstafffromtherulingTaliban.ThisfollowsattacksagainsttheUN’sofficesinKabulduringseveraldaysofthedemonstrations.TheprotestsweretriggeredbyUNsanctionsagainstAfghanistanaftertheTalibanrefusedtohandoverexiledSaudimillionaireOsamaBinLaden,whoisaccusedbytheUnitedStatesofbeingaterrorist.ThesanctionsareexpectedtohurttheAfghanpeopleratherthanmaketheTalibansuffer.3.礼貌原则Thereareothertechniquesthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudying.Onlyafewhavebeenmentionedhere.Itisgenerallyconsiderednotadvisabletoactthatway.Passengersarerequestedtocrosstherailwaylinebythefootbridgeonly.Youareinvitedtoagraduationparty…ReadersarerequestedtonotethatasfromMay1,thelibrarywillbeopenduringthefollowinghours:7:00a.m.–9:00p.m.4.句子结构平衡的需要，避免头重脚轻。AllthisisdonebytherayscalledINFRARED,whichhaveawavelengthlongerthanthatofvisiblelight.5.表达的客观性需要，多用于科技英语。英语被动句的翻译1.译为被动：Lastyeartheregionwasvisitedbytheworstdroughtin60years.去年这个地区遭受了60年来最严重的旱灾。Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodsshallbeexecuted.凡在这些树林里乱扔废物者将受到指控。Mostlettersfromhiswifearereadtohimbythenurseinthehospital.他妻子写给他的大多数信件是由医院里的护士念给他听的。Hewasreleasedimmediatelyafterthetrial.审判结束后，他马上获释。2.译为主动句（1）不改变句子结构：Thatmancannotbereliedupon.那人不可信。Everyminuteshouldbemadegooduseof.每一分钟都要很好利用。Roger,youarewantedonthephone.罗杰，你有电话。Thehappymancannotbeharried.吉人自有天相。Thethingmustbehandledwithcare.这东西必须轻拿轻放。Anewstudentiskeptonprobationforonesemester.新学生要见习一个星期。Ifyouarepushedfortime,youhadbettergiveitupthoughit’syourfavorite.如果时间紧迫，你就忍痛割爱吧。Hehasbeenweddedtotranslation.他与翻译结下了不解之缘。Poetsareborn,butoratorsaremade.诗人是天生的，而演说家则是后天造就的。（2）变状语为主语，把原主语变为宾语。Theirfriendshipwasturnedintoenmitythroughidlegossips.流言蜚语使他们之间的友谊变成了怨仇。Thenewswaspassedonbywordofmouth.众口相传就把这则新闻传开了。3.译为无主句Methodsarefoundtotakethesematerialsoutoftherubbishandusethemagain.现在已经找到了从垃圾中提取这些材料并加以利用的方法。Qualityofproductsmustbeguaranteedfirst.首先要确保产品质量。Childrenshouldbetaughttospeakthetruth.应该教孩子们说真话。Timecanalwaysbefoundtodothingsonewantstodo.只要想干，总是可以找到时间的。Whentheanthemhadbeenplayed,theCongressbegan.奏完国歌后，大会开始。4.转换主语EnglishisspokeninBritain,theU.S.andsomeothercountries.讲英语的国家有英国、美国和其他一些国家。ThefindingsofthecourtwillbepublishedonWednesday.法庭将在星期三公布调查结果。ManyvoiceshavebeenraiseddemandingthesettingupofanArabcommonmarket.许多人要求建立一个阿拉伯共同市场。Manynewopportunitieswillbeopenedupinthecourseoftimeforthosewithauniversityeducation.今后，具有大学文化水平的人将会获得很多新的就业机会。5.惯用译法Itisreportedthatthereare300millionsmokersinmainlandChinaandtheybuy1,600billioncigarettesayear.据报道中国大陆有三亿吸烟者，他们每年要消费16000亿支香烟。ItissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputofftillnextMonday.有人建议会议推迟到下星期一举行。C-E:汉语被动句译成英语被动句海外华侨现在不再被人轻视了。OverseasChinesearenolongerlookeddownupon.他被选为学生会主席。HewaselectedChairmanoftheStudents’Union.一次被蛇咬，十年怕草绳。Hewhoisbittenoncebyasnake,fortenyearswillbeafraidofagrassrope.龙游浅水遭虾戏．Adragonisstrandedinshallowwaterandteasedbyshrimps.汉语被动句译成英语主动句这个年轻人应该受到惩罚。Theyoungmandeservespunishing.此谋杀案正在受到调查。Themurderisnowunderinvestigation.这篇论文经得起推敲。Thepapercanstandcriticizing.这些书由我夫人保管。Thesebookswereinthechargeofmywife.那一地区的严重问题远未被解决。Theseriousprobleminthatareaisfarfromitssolution.汉语形式上的主动句（实质为被动）译成英语的被动句。若要信到，请贴足邮票。Letterswillnotbesentunlessadequatelystamped.又一座立交桥将于年底通车。Anotherflyoverwillbeopenedtotrafficbytheendofthisyear.家家房顶上都装了供沐浴用的太阳能热水器。Asolarheaterisinstalledontheroofofeveryhouse,providingwarmwaterfortheshower.汉语形式上的主动句（实质为被动）译成英语形式上的主动句(实质为被动）他的戏剧不宜上演。Hisplayswon’tact.会议于五点钟休会。Themeetingadjournedatfiveo’clock.这根腰带扣不上。Thisbeltwon’tbuckle.这些苹果适于烹煮。Theseapplescookwell.这门锁不上。Thedoorwon’tlock.他的新小说销路很好。Hisnewnovelissellingwell.这些食物容易腐烂。Thesekindsoffoodssoonspoil.这布很耐洗。Theclothwasheswell.这屋子租不出去。Thehousewon’tlet.被动句在商务英语中的运用和翻译：请来宾将外套存放衣帽间．Visitorsarerequestedtoleavetheircoatsinthecloakroom.欢迎来函询购各种电器产品．Yourinquiriesforalltypesofelectricalgoodswouldbeappreciated.盼你方早日交货．Weexpectthatthedeliverywillbeeffectedatyourearliestconvenience.急需此货，请即装运．Thegoodsareurgentlyneeded.Promptshipmentwillbeappreciated.在收到你方信用证的两星期之内，我方即可发货．ShipmentcanbemadewithintwoweeksafterthereceiptofyourL/C.我们将于近日内送期票给你处承兑．Thetimedraftwillbesenttoyouforyouracceptancewithinacoupleofdays.BillscanbeeasilydiscountedinLondon.汇票在伦敦贴现毫无困难．ThegoodswillbeshippedtoChinainfivedifferentlotswithinfiveyears.货物将在五年内分五次向中国发运．Afterthesaidlicenseisapproved,weshallestablishanL/Cinyourfavor.许可证获准后，即开立以你方为受益人的信用证．AllourpricesarequotedC.I.F.totheportofdestination.我方所报全部价格均为目的港到岸价．Claims,ifany,mustbemadewithin30daysafterthea