黑河流域酒泉绿洲景观生态安全格局分析

26220062ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.26,No.2Feb.,2006,,(,730000):973(2001CB309404);(2003102):2004212209;:2005212230:(1980),,,,.E2mail:[e-mail]:TheprojectwassupportedbytheChinaStateKeyBasicResearchProject(No.2001CB309404)andtheKnowledgeInnovationProgramoftheColdandAridRegionsEnvironmentalandEngineeringResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences(No.2003102)Receiveddate:2004212209;Accepteddate:2005212230Biography:GUOMing,Ph.D.candidate,mainlyengagedinremotesensingandGISapplying,landscapeecology.E2mail:[e-mail]:19862000,GIS,,,,:(1)19862000,,,;(2)19862000,,;,,,;(3)1986,2000,,:;;;GIS;;:100020933(2006)0220457210:Q142,Q149:AChangesoflandscapepatternbteween1986and2000inJiuquanoasis,HeiheRiverbasinGUOMing,XIAODu2Ning,LIXin(ColdandAridRegionsEnvironmentalandEngineeringResearchInstitute(CAREERI),ChineseAcademyofSciences,Lanzhou,730000,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2006,26(2):457466.Abstract:WereportedchangesoflandscapepatternsaffectedbyhumanactivitiesintheJiuquanoasis,HeiheRiverbasin.RemotesensingproductsoftheLandsat5TMin1986andtheLandsat7ETM+imagein2000wereusedtoperformtheanalysisonadigitalelevationmodel(DEM)withinageographicinformationsystem(GIS),includingpatchnumber,area,shape,andthespatialneighboringcharacteristicsbetweentheoasispatchandthesandylandPSalinizedlandpatches.Wefoundthat:(1)theoasisexpansionwasembodiedwithanincreaseintheareaofeachoasispatchtypebetween1986and2000,whileintensivehumanactivitiesledtoanincreaseinthesandyandbarrenlands;(2)thedesertificationthreatonfarmlandswasthemostsignificantin1986,whilethethreatonthegrasslandswasthemostseverein2000.Thethreatsonresidentialareaswereminorbothin1986and2000andremainedthesameduringthe152yearstudyperiod,butthethreatsonotheroasispatchtypeshadgreatlyintensified;and(3)thesalinizationthreatsonalloasispatchtypesdecreasedin2000,whichwaslikelyaconsequenceofwaterdiversioneffortthroughouttheregion.Clearly,humanactivitieshavesignificantlychangedthedistributionandallocationofthelimitedwaterresourcesinHeiheRiverbasin,leadingtoaconflictbetweenthetwodominantprocesses:desertificationandoasisexpansion.Ourresultsfurtherconfirmedthevulnerabilityandhigh2dynamicnatureofthearidecosystems.Keywords:landscapedynamics;aridregion;remotesensing;GIS;Jiuquanoasis;spatialanalysis©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1,2],[3]:,:,,,,,;,,,,20001350814km2,,,[4]2080[5]:,;,[6],,,,,,,[711],[6],,GISGIS,[1214]1970,,,[15]2090,[4,12,14,1622],,,,GIS,,,,,1,,,2001(,2001),98209918E,39103959N(1),8542611100,,20026©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(ThematicMapper)2000Landsat7ETM+(EnhancedThematicMapper)99,,500km,1,46KRASOV2SKY30m30m,2.2,,,;,P,[23],(1)19861995,,4322,GIS(ArcView313ArcGIS),,(3),GPS,80%2.39542:©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,;,,,2:Ci=Li+Pi+Ai(1),i(),Liii,Piii,Aiii,Ci=3,i,,i,,,,,,,,,,1Pi103,Ci;(ES):ES=D+5i=1CiP3(2),D,D,,;,ES,,,06426...2003©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:CA(ClassArea),(:hm2);NP(NumberofPatches),;PAFRAC(Perimeter2AreaFractalDimension),2,,12,2,SPLIT(SplittingIndex),,ArcView,,33.12,,;,,19862000,6797116hm2,,11581157,20169%,,,,:,,,,187183hm2,16817167hm2,1870156hm2,532117hm2,9707149hm2,539146hm2;,,22140%,27188%,7176%,219862000Table2LandscapepatternmetricsatclasslevelofJiuquanoasisin1986and2000Type1986Year2000Year19862000ChangesCA(hm2)NPPAFRACSPLITCA(hm2)NPPAFRACSPLITCA(hm2)NPPAFRACSPLITFarmland86542165166115816113593339181170115712719667971164-0101-33139Forestland16681785811424210861671856161721144639907150187183140102218820183Grassland444361332281148161113461254100217115362111616817167-110105-990118Waterarea6617170104116113478112848812678116281811411870156-260101-5296171Residentialarea76291579831154427761133816117414401149248648100532117457-0105-179113133Sandyland31947121991152207314641654170183115823871429707149840106313196Gobi123087170941144491579551612084113997154-27571150-10-010547197Salinizedland29538172651151319107213031187911521854163-82351541401011535156Barrenland89314344116339030191831432189271147860163126539146-17-0116-3042856157Rock2gravelland8320150271159746516576751202411347306185-645130-3-0125-158180340682159186815132477702613934068215923741419517692951730506-0137-3007730166228217