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LoveIsaFallacyMaxShulmanTeachingaimI.LearntoappreciateEnglishstoriesandthedevelopmentofthestories•II.Learntotasteandappreciatethehumorembeddedinthisstoryandthewritingtechniques•III.GettoknowsomefeaturesofAmericancolloquialandslangyexpressionsLoveIsaFallacy•AbouttheauthorMaxShulman(March14,1919–August28,1988)isa20thcenturyAmericanwriter,bestknownforhistelevisionandshortstorycharacterDobieGillis,aswellasforhisbest-sellingnovels.Hiswritingoftenfocusesonyoungpeople,particularlyinacollegiatesetting.LoveIsaFallacy•HeisoneofAmerica’sbest-knownhumorists.Heisawriterofmanytalents---hehaswrittennovels,stories,Broadwayplays,moviescreenplay(电影剧本),andtelevisionscripts(电视剧本).Typeofwriting•Thistextisapieceofnarrativewriting.Thenarratorofthestory,DobieGillis,afreshmaninalawschool,istheheroorprotagonist.Hestrugglesagainsttwoantagonists:PeteyBurch,hisroommatewhosegirlfriendheplanstosteal;andPollyEspy,thegirlheintendstomarryaftersuitablere-education.Theclimaxofthestoryisreachedinparas147-150whenPollyrefusestogosteadywithhimbecauseshehadalreadypromisedtogosteadywithPeteyBurch.Theresolutionfollowsrapidlyandendsonaveryironicnote.LoveIsaFallacyThestory:ThistextistakenfromTheManyLovesofDobieGillis(1951).DobieGillis,thenarrator,isatypicalAmericanteenagerwhofrequentlysuffersfromromanticangst(worry,anxiety).Thecharacterappearedonapopulartelevisionsitcom(situationcomedy)duringthe1950s.LoveIsaFallacy•Thisisaninterestingandhumorousstory.Inthisstorythenarratortellshisfailuretowintheheartofayoungwomanwiththeforceoflogic,whichprovestohimthat“Loveisafallacy”.LoveIsaFallacy•Therearethreepersonsinthestory:•DobieGillis,narrator,afreshmaninalawschool,theprotagonistofthestory;•PeteyBurch,hisroommatewhosegirlfriendheplanstoget;•PollyEspy,thegirlwhomheintendstomarryaftersuitablere-education.LoveIsaFallacy•Thenarratorisquitesureofhisfinalsuccessbecauseheissmarteranditisonlylogicalthatthegirlwillchoosehim.However,theresultisagreatsurprisetohimbecausethegirlturnsdownhisproposalandchoosePeteyBurch,allbecauseofwhatDobieGillisregardsasa“sthsilly”,thusprovingthat“loveisafallacy”.Argument•Inordertounderstandwhatafallacyis,onemustunderstandwhatanargumentis.Verybriefly,anargumentconsistsofoneormorepremisesandoneconclusion.•Therearetwomaintypesofarguments:deductive(推论)andinductive(归纳).Adeductiveargumentisanargumentthatthepremisesprovidecompletesupportfortheconclusion.Aninductiveargumentisanargumentthatthepremisesprovidesomedegreeofsupport(butlessthancompletesupport)fortheconclusion.Fallacy•Fallaciesaredefectsinanargument-otherthanfalsepremises-whichcauseanargumenttobeinvalid,unsoundorweak.•Fallacymeans1)anideawhichmanypeoplebelievetobetruebutwhichisinfactfalsebecauseitisbasedonincorrectinformationorfaultyreasoning.2)aweaknessandlackoflogicorgoodsenseinanargument;Incorrectnessofreasoning•E.g.Thebeliefthatwomenarealwaysweakerthanmenisjustafallacy.LoveIsaFallacy•Introduction•1.Warm-upactivity•Whatisyouropinionaboutlove?Whatdoeslovemeanaccordingtoyou?LoveIsaFallacy•2.theme:Loveisafallacy---loveisinconsistentwithlogic.•Theauthorwantstoleadreaderstotheconclusionthatlove’isanerror,adeceptionandanemotionthatdoesnotfollowtheprinciplesoflogic,i.e.loveisblind.LoveIsaFallacy•3.WhatdoesthenameEspymean?•Espy:tocatchsightof(esp.faults,shortcomings,etc.),glimpse.•theauthormighthavedeliberatelychosenthisname,whichmayalludetoheramazingphysicalattraction.•4.Inwhichplacedoesthestoryreachitsclimax?Theendingwhensherefusestogosteadywithhim.LoveIsaFallacy•5.Theroleofraccooncoat:Itisthereasonthatthegirldeniesthenarrator’slove.Itimpliesthatloveisnotsth.thatcanbededuced.Loveisnotascientificstudy.•6.Language:alotofshortsentences;ellipticalsentences;inversion;dashes;metaphorandsimileareused;colloquialsentences,irregularsentences,shortenedformsareused(tomakethestoryvivid)TheTitleoftheText•Thetitleofthestory“Loveisafallacy”hastwomeanings.1)When“fallacy”istakeninitsordinarysense,thetitlemeans“thereisadeceptiveordelusivequalityaboutlove”.2)Whentakenasaspecificterminlogic,thetitlemeans“lovecannotbededucedfromasetofgivenpremises”Macro-structureofthetext•Paras.1-3prelude•Part1:(Paras.4-5)Theboastingofhimselfanddowngradinghisroommate.•PartII:(Paras.6-59)ThewholeprocessofhisdealwithPetey.HesucceededinpersuadingPeteytoexchangehisgirlforaraccooncoat•PartIII:(Paras60-120)HisdateswithPolly/Hisre-educationtoPolly•PartIV(Paras121-154)Loveisnotlogical,butfallacyDetailedStudy•Para1theauthor’sremarkorattitudetowardswritingthestory:spongy(notfirm)andflaccid(lackingfirmness/energy)andlimp.•1.S1CharlesLambisthekindofmerryandenterprisingpersonyourarelyencounter.Hewrotetheessays,OldChinaandDream’sChildren,whichsetfreetheinformalessay.像查尔斯兰姆这样快乐和富有创新精神的人物并不常见，他写了《古瓷》和《梦中的孩子》两篇文章，这两篇文章可以说解放了散文。LoveIsaFallacy•2.CharlesLamb(1775—1834):Englishessayist.He,incollaborationwithhissisterMary,PublishedTalesfromShakespearein1867.Hisdramaticessays,SpecimensofEnglishDramaticPoets(1808),establishedhisreputationasacriticanddidmuchinrevivingthepopularityofElizabethendrama.OldChinaandDream’sChildrenarefromhiscollectiontheEssays