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Designation:D1125–95(Reapproved2009)StandardTestMethodsforElectricalConductivityandResistivityofWater1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD1125;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationoftheelectricalconductivityandresistivityofwater.Thefollowingtestmethodsareincluded:RangeSectionsTestMethodA—FieldandRoutineLaboratory10to20000012to18MeasurementofStatic(Non-Flowing)SamplesµS/cmTestMethodB—ContinuousIn-LineMeasure5to20000019to23mentµS/cm1.2Thesetestmethodshavebeentestedinreagentwater.Itistheuser’sresponsibilitytoensurethevalidityofthesetestmethodsforwatersofuntestedmatrices.1.3Formeasurementsbelowtherangeofthesetestmeth-ods,refertoTestMethodD5391.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D1066PracticeforSamplingSteamD1129TerminologyRelatingtoWaterD1192GuideforEquipmentforSamplingWaterandSteaminClosedConduits3D1193SpecificationforReagentWaterD2186TestMethodsforDeposit-FormingImpuritiesinSteamD2777PracticeforDeterminationofPrecisionandBiasofApplicableTestMethodsofCommitteeD19onWaterD3370PracticesforSamplingWaterfromClosedConduitsD4519TestMethodforOn-LineDeterminationofAnionsandCarbonDioxideinHighPurityWaterbyCationExchangeandDegassedCationConductivityD5391TestMethodforElectricalConductivityandResis-tivityofaFlowingHighPurityWaterSampleE1SpecificationforASTMLiquid-in-GlassThermometers3.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1electricalconductivity—thereciprocalofthea-cre-sistanceinohmsmeasuredbetweenoppositefacesofacentimetrecubeofanaqueoussolutionataspecifiedtempera-ture.NOTE1—Theunitofelectricalconductivityissiemenspercentimetre.(Thepreviouslyusedunitsofmhos/cmarenumericallyequivalenttoS/cm.)Theactualresistanceofthecell,Rx,ismeasuredinohms.Theconductance,1/Rx,isdirectlyproportionaltothecross-sectionalarea,A(incm2),andinverselyproportionaltothelengthofthepath,L(incm):1/Rx5K·A/LTheconductancemeasuredbetweenoppositefacesofacentimetrecube,K,iscalledconductivity.Conductivityvaluesareusuallyexpressedinmicrosiemens/centimetreorinsiemens/centimetreataspecifiedtemperature,normally25°C.3.1.2electricalresistivity—thea-cresistanceinohmsmea-suredbetweenoppositefacesofacentimetrecubeofanaqueoussolutionataspecifiedtemperature.NOTE2—Theunitofelectricalresistivityisohm-centimetre.Theactualresistanceofthecell,Rx,ismeasuredinohms,andisdirectlyproportionaltothelengthofthepath,L(incm),andinverselyproportionaltothecross-sectionalarea,A(incm2):Rx5R·L/ATheresistancemeasuredbetweenoppositefacesofacenti-metrecube,R,iscalledresistivity.Resistivityvaluesareusuallyexpressedinohm·centimetre,orinmegohm·centime-tre,ataspecifiedtemperature,normally25°C.1ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofCommitteeD19onWaterandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.03onSamplingWaterandWater-FormedDeposits,AnalysisofWaterforPowerGenerationandProcessUse,On-LineWaterAnalysis,andSurveillanceofWater.CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2009.PublishedJune2009.Originallyapprovedin1950.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asD1125–95(2005).2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Withdrawn.Thelastapprovedversionofthishistoricalstandardisreferencedon©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.CopyrightASTMInternationalProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithASTMNotforResaleNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---//^:^^#^~^^~:~:$:@@:#:$@^~:~**^^~~^~:^^::*#^#$\\3.1.3Fordefinitionsofothertermsusedinthesemethods,refertoTerminologyD1129.3.2Symbols:3.2.1SymbolsusedintheequationsinSections14and16aredefinedasfollows:J=cellconstant,cm−1,K=conductivityat25°C,µS/cm,Kx=measuredconductance,S,K1=conductivityoftheKClinthereferencesolutionatthetemperatureofmeasurement(Table1),µS/cm,K2=conductivityofthewaterusedtopreparethereferencesolution,atthesametemperatureofmeasurement,µS/cm,Q=temperaturecorrectionfactor(seeSection11),R=resistivityat25°C,ohm·cm,Rx=measuredresistance,ohm.4.SignificanceandUse4.1Thesetestmethodsareapplicableforsuchpurposesasimpuritydetectionand,insomecases,thequantitativemea-surementofionicconstituentsdissolvedinwaters.Theseincludedissolvedelectrolytesinnaturalandtreatedwaters,suchasboilerwater,boilerfeedwater,coolingwater,andsalineandbrackishwater.