(毕业设计)减震器活塞杆液压式耐久实验台设计说明书

本科生毕业设计（论文）I摘要本设计着重以减振器活塞杆的测试为例，介绍了减振器活塞杆横向疲劳实验台的功用及其组成。利用液压站和液压缸的组合，实现作用给活塞杆一定条件的脉动循环稳定变应力测试其横向疲劳强度。本说明书在已知测试条件的基础上，分析如何实现实验台所需功能，对减振器活塞杆横向疲劳实验台进行了功能设计和结构设计。实验台由液压站、液压缸、台架、夹具体以及传感器组成。通过简单、典型的液压传动机构以及传感器的应用，使实验台能够对大多数减振器活塞杆的疲劳强度进行测试，进而满足实验台要求。关键词：实验台；减振器；疲劳强度；活塞杆本科生毕业设计（论文）2AbstractThisthesisfocusedonthepistonrodtestofshockabsorbers,andintroducedthecorrespondingfunctionsandcompostitionofthepistonrodtestofshockabsotbersadesignatacrosswisefatiguetestbedforpistonrodatshockeabsorbers.Usingthehydraulicpressurestationandhydrauliccylinderandwinchmechanism,thetestsofcrosswisefatiguestrengthofthepistonrodofthesampleshockabsorberswerepeformedbyinputtingharmonyexcitations.Thestatementintheknowntestconditions,basedonthegiventestingconditions,thedesignsoffunctionandstructureofthetargettestbedwerecarriedoutinthisthesis.Thetestbedconsistsofthehydraulicpressurestation,hydrauliccylinder,thescaffolding,thejigbodyaswellastheforcesensor.Throughsomesimple,typicalfluiddrivemechanismandthesensorapplication,thepurposeofpistonrodfatiguestrengthtestforshockabsorberscanbeobtainedinthisthesis，andthenmeetthetestrequirements.Keywords：Test-bed;ShockAbsorber;Fatiguestrength;Pistonrod本科生毕业设计（论文）3目录第一章绪论..................................................................................................................51.1题目简介.........................................................................................................51.2题目主要内容.................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3预期达到的目标.............................................................错误!未定义书签。第二章实验台的功能设计............................................................................................72.1减振器活塞杆受力简介.................................................................................72.2减振器活塞杆横向疲劳实验台的设计方案及工作原理.............................7第三章活塞杆振动模型的建立与计算........................................................................93.1梁的自由振动偏微分方程.............................................................................93.2梁做横向振动时的振型函数.......................................................................103.3边界条件.......................................................................................................103.4梁悬臂横弯时的固有频率和振型...............................................................11第四章液压缸的设计.....................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.1基本参数的确定...........................................................................................174.2强度校核.......................................................................................................144.2.1钢筒壁厚的校核.............................................................................144.2.2活塞杆直径d的校核........................................................................144.2.3缸盖固定螺栓的校核........................................................................154.2.4稳定性校核........................................................................................154.3拉杆计算.........................................................................错误!未定义书签。第五章液压站的设计..................................................................................................175.1液压泵的选择...............................................................................................175.2电机的选择...................................................................................................175.3液压站的选择...............................................................................................18第六章夹具的设计......................................................................................................19第七章工艺过程的编制............................................................................................207.1上挡板的工艺过程......................................................................................207.2下挡板的工艺过程.......................................................................................21本科生毕业设计（论文）47.3T型槽的工艺过程........................................................................................21第八章结论..................................................................................................................23参考文献........................................................................................................................24致谢...................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。附录一程序编程........................................................................................................26应力应变程序编程.............................................................................26附录二外文资料及翻译............................................................................................39本科生毕业设计（论文）5第1章绪论随着我国汽车工业的不断发展，人们对汽车的舒适性和安全性的要求也越来越高，而减振器作为悬架系统的主要部件，其质量直接影响到车辆乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性。现代汽车中广泛使用的液压减振器的结构决定了它在不同路况工作过程中，内部会产生冲击振动，进而使减振器活塞除了要承受来自径向的力，还要承受来自轴向的力，这就要求减振器活塞杆具有一定的耐疲劳强度来提高活塞杆的质量，进而提高减振器的寿命。目前，我国机动车减振器的试验设备和试验手段比较落后，试验规程和试验方法也存在一定问题，严重的制约了我国减振器行业的发展。基于我国现在减振器的发展情况和测试需要，开发一种活塞杆横向疲劳实验设备—减振器活塞杆横向疲劳实验台。1.1题目简介悬