商务英语口语背景介绍

1.WhatshouldbediscussedwhenyoumakebusinessInquiries?•Justaroundthemainclausesofthecontract:---NameofCommodity---(anindicationof)theprice.FOBCIFCIFC5%---commission---validity---delivery--payment2.ThePriceClauseThepriceclauseinacontractincludesunitofmeasurement,unitofcurrency,unitprice,portofshipmentordestination.合同中的价格条款一般包含：度量单位、货币单位、单价金额、装运港或目的港。Hereisanexample.$5,000persetCIFLondonincluding3%commission每台5,000美元,CIF伦敦,包括3%的拥金3.Shippingdocumentsincludeinsurancepolicy,invoice,packinglist/weightmemo,qualityofcertificate,Billoflading.Threesetsofdocuments:commoditydocuments(invoice-centered),insurancedocuments(insurancepolicy),transportingdocuments(B/L)EuropeanMainPortsisstipulatedbytheShippingAssociation.ItincludesGenoa(Italy),Marseilles(France),Antwerp(Belgium),Rotterdam(Holland),London,Hamburg,Copenhagen(Denmark)etc.Notes:Packinglistisusedformachinery,lightindustryproductsWeightmemoisusedforsubstantialordersuchasfertilizerandbeans.Friendlyconsultation,arbitration,litigationNameofCommodity,QTY,UnitPrice,TermsofTrade,Packing,termsofpayment,Shipment,Claimsandsoon.4.PackingandMarking)Brainstorming:Whyispackingalsoimportantinbusiness?Tokeepthecargointactthroughthetransportation.Forexample:oceanvoyagesmaydamagethegoodsthatarenotproperlypacked.Tofacilitateloading,unloadingandstowage.TopreventpilferageTopromotesalesHowmanypackingmaterialsdoyouknow?Packingmaterials/waysofpacking:1.Bale:materialpressedtogetherandtiedwithropeormetalwire,suitableforpaper,wool,cotton,andcarpets,etc.2.bag:madeofcotton,plastic,paperorjute(黄麻纤维),idealforcement,fertilizer,flour,chemicals,etc.e.ggunnybags,plastic-filmbag3.Barrel/drum:madeofwood,plasticormetalusedforliquidorgreasycargoes4.Box/case:woodeninstructureandofvarioussizes,andsomeareairtight,providingStrongprotectionforcargoesasequipmentandcaraccessories.5.Glasscontainer:usedfordangerousliquidcargoessuchasacidsbutneedscarefulhandling6.Carton:nowaverycommonformofpackingparticularlyforconsumer-typeofproducts.Italsoaidsmarketingaswordscanbeprintedonthem.Consumergoods7.Crate/skeletoncase:woodenstructurebetweenabaleandacaseusedforlightweightGoodsoflargecubiccapacityandmachinery.合同中包装条款一般规定包装方式、包装材料、包装规格、装运唛头和包装成本等。以下是几个例子：Tobepackedinstrongwoodencase(s)orincarton(s),suitableforlongdistanceparcelpost包裹邮寄/airfreighttransportationandchangeofclimate,wellprotectedagainstmoistureandshocks.要求用坚固的木箱或纸箱包装，它们应适用于长途邮寄、空运，能适应气候变化，并能很好地防潮、防震。Inbulk；packedintheusualway;atseller'soption;seaworthyandcustomarypacking;theSellersshallbeliableforanydamageofthecommodityandexpensesincurredonaccountofimproperpackingandforanyrustattributabletoinadequateorimproperprotectivemeasurestakenbythesellersinregardtothepacking.Onefullsetofserviceandoperationmanualsconcernedshallbeenclosedinthecase(s).散装；按惯常方式包装；由卖方决定；适合海运的习惯性包装；卖方应承担因包装不良及保护措施不当所引起的货物损失及额外费用。包装箱内应包含一整套服务操作手册。Innegotiatingthepackingclauses,boththesellerandthebuyershouldpayattentiontothefollowingitems:1.Asthepackingmaterialandpackingmethodaregenerallystipulatedinthepackingclausesofacontract,theuseofsomeambiguoustermssuchas'seaworthypacking'and'customarypacking'shouldbeavoided.e.g.Thecargoshouldbepackedincorrugatedcardboard,suitableforoceantransportation.对商品的包装材料及方式，一般都在包装条款中订明，尽量避免使用“适合海运包装”、“习惯性包装”等含义不够明确的用语。1.Packingcostisusuallyincludedintheprice,butitcanbestipulatedinthecontractthatthecosttobepaidbythebuyerifthebuyermakesspecialrequestwithregardtopacking.BebornebyAtsomebody’scostForsomebody’saccount2.Accordingtointernationaltradepractices,theshippingmarksaredesignedandDeterminedbytheseller.However,theycanalsobesuppliedbythebuyerwithinaperiodoftimebeforethedateofshipmentifthecontractsostipulates.2．ShippingmarksItisanimportantcomponentoftheDescriptionofGoods,andamainconditionofthesalescontract.(1)toidentifythecargoquickly(2)tocomplywithanyregulationsinforcewithregardtohazardousordangerouscargo.（遵从危险货品的规定）(3)toenabletheshipownersandthedockersetc.tosortouttheconsignmentandtolinkupThecaseswithB/L,thusenablingthecustomerortheagenttoeffectpromptcollection.Innegotiatinganimportcontract,thebuyershouldrequirethesellertofollowthefundamentalmarkingrules:1.Useblindmarks黑体字(esp.forgoodssusceptibletopilferage)unlessitisnotallowedaccordingtothelocalregulations.Changethemarksregularlyinordertopreventthecarelessnessofthehandlers.Thenamesofthefirms,consigneesorconsignersshouldbeavoidedastheyindicatethenatureofthecontents.2.Legibility字迹清楚.Marksforconsignee,destinationportandtransshipmentportShouldbe(1)largeandclearinordertobeidentifiedclearly.(2)writtenwithwaterproofink.(3)writtenonthreefacesofthepackages,preferablysideand/orend,andtop.Lettersshouldbeatleasttwoincheshigh.3.Forspecialhandlingorstowage.TheinstructionsshouldbegiveninthemarksandtheinformationofthisshouldbewritteninB/Ltoo.4.Cautionmarking.Itshouldbepermanentandeasytoberead.(usethelanguagesofboththeoriginanddestinationcountries.)Theuseofstencilsisrecommendedforlegibility—donotusetags,cardsorchopsticks.Themarkingclausesusuallyadoptedareasfollows:Thesellersshallmarkoneachpackagewithfadelesspaintthepackagenumbe