unit 4 professions for women

ProfessionsforWomenVirginiaWoolfVirginiaWoolf(1882-1941)AnEnglishnovelist,criticandessayist.Life-longexperiencebeeducatedathomeinherfather’slibraryIn1912marriedLeonardWoolf,acriticandwriteroneconomicsin1917setuptheHogarthPressendedherlifebycommittingsuicideinariverinherhometownRemarksoneofthethreegreatestwritersofstreamofconsciousnessoneofthepioneersofwomen’sliberationfrompatriarchy.Inhernovel,emphasisisonthepsychologicalrealmofhercharactersandthemoment-by-momentexperienceofliving,whicharedepictedbythetechniquesofinteriormonologueandstreamofconsciousness.Herbooksarealsonotedfortheirpoeticandsymbolicquality,theirsubtlestyleandtheirrichhistoricalandliteraryreference.TextAnalysisParagraph1AccordingtoWoolf,aretheremanypeculiarexperiencesintheprofessionofliteratureforwomen?Why/whynot?Whatkindofoccupationiswritingaccordingtoher?Whatis“thereasonwhywomenhavesucceededaswritersbeforetheyhavesucceededintheotherprofessions”?Whatisthemainideaofparagraphone?Intheprofessionofliterature,theauthorfindsthattherearefewerexperiencespeculiartowomenthaninotherprofessionsbecausemanywomenwritersbeforeherhavemadetheroadsmooth.thestage:With“the”thewordmeansthetheater,drama,oractingasaprofession.Likeliterature,thestageinvolvesmorewomenthanotherprofessions.theroadwascut:路已开辟出来了。makingthepathsmooth:pavingtheway(for)regulatingmysteps:guidingmeasImovedforward指导我向前进Inmyway:(inone’s/theway)inaplaceorpositionthatpreventssomeoneorsomethingelsefrommovingfreelyThefamilypeacewasnotbrokenbythescratchingofapen.(1)Herethe“familypeace”hastwomeanings:first:calm,quiet,tranquility;second:harmony,lackofworryandquarrels.(2)scratchingofapen:thesoundmadebyanold-fashionedinkpenwhenitmovesonpaperfamilypurse.“purse”standsformoney,financialconditionsfamilypurse:家庭财力/经济Theword“purse”isusedfiguratively.Thiskindofspeechiscalledmetonymy换喻、转喻.Metonymyisanotherformofmetaphor,inwhichthethingchosenforthemetaphoricalimageiscloselyassociatedwith(butnotanactualpartof)thesubjectwithwhichitistobecompared.E.g.“thewhitehouse”for“thePresident”,“thecrown”for“theKing”or“theQueen”.Hesucceededbythesweatofhisbrow.“sweatofone’sbrow”standsforone’shardworkPianosandmodels,Paris,ViennaandBerlin,mastersandmistresses,arenotneededbyawriter.(1)mastersandmistresses:teachersortutors;professionalpractitionersofmusicorpainting;greatartists.开业者,实践者(2)Ifyouwanttobeamusicianorapainter,youmustownapianoorhiremodels,andyouhavetovisitorevenliveinculturalcenterslikeParis,ViennaandBerlin.Andalsoyouhavetobetaughtbymastersandmistresses.However,ifyouwanttobeawriter,youdon’tneedallthese.Paragraph2WhatdidWoolfbuywithherfirstrewardfromwriting?Whatisthemainideaofparagraphtwo?Theauthor’sownprofessionalexperiencesButtoshowyouhowlittleIdeservetobecalledaprofessionalwoman,howlittleIknowofthestrugglesanddifficultiesofsuchlives,Ihavetoadmitthatinsteadofspendingthatsumuponbreadandbutter,rent,shoesandstockings,orbutcher'sbills.Iwentoutandboughtacat-abeautifulcat,aPersiancat,whichverysooninvolvedmeinbitterdisputeswithmyneighbors.Theimpliedmeaningisthatinthelivesofprofessionalwomenthereareusuallystrugglesanddifficulties.Whentheymakesomemoney,theywouldspenditonbreadandbutter,rent,shoesandstockingsorbutcher'sbills.Allofwhicharebasicdailynecessities.(1)breadandbutter:asetphrase,meansfoodandthemostimportantandbasicthings.rhetoricaldevice--synecdoche提喻breadandbutter---foodsynecdoche:apartisusedforawhole,anindividualforaclass,amaterialforathing,orthereverseofanyofthese.Agoodsynecdocheisbasedonanimportantpartofthewholeandnotaminorpartand,usually,thepartselectedtostandforthewholeisthepartmostdirectlyassociatedwiththesubjectunderdiscussion.E.g.1.Weneed50handsforthework.(Handsratherthanfeetareusedtostandforpeople)2.Heisafootsoldier.(footforinfantry[ɪnfəntri]步兵)Moreexamplesforsynecdoche:A.Thepartforthewhole1.head:person—Hepaidtheworkers$5perhead.2.heart:bravefellow—Yetthereweresomestoutheartswhoattemptedresistance.B.Thewholeforthepart1.Nameofcountryforgroupofpeopleofthatcountry—AustraliabeatCanadaatfootball.(=theAustralianteambeattheCanadianteam)2.Thepersonforpartofhisbody—Thenhecutmeopenandtookouttheappendixandstitchedmeupagain(=cuthisabdomen['æbdəmən]腹部open).(2)butcher’sbills:Butcher’sbillsstandformeatboughtfromabutcher.Thisismetonymy.butcher’sbills---meat(metonymy)Para3WasWoolf’sfirstarticleeasytowrite?Whatdidshehavetodobattlewithduringthewritingprocess?WhatistheAngelintheHouselike?Whatdidtheauthordowiththeangel?Wastheangelinthehouseeasytokill?DoChinesewomenhavetodothesamebattle?MainideasofPara3Thespeakerfocusesonthefirstobstacletobecomingaprofessionalwomenwriter.Sheusesafigureofspeech“killingtheAngelintheHouse”indescribingherdeterminationtogetridoftheconventionalroleofwomeninherwriting.Whatcouldbeeasierthantowritearticles…Butwaitamoment.(1)Thespeakerbeginsthispartwitharhetoricalquestion,whichexpectsnoanswer.ThequestionimpliesthatwritingarticlesandbuyingPersiancatswiththeprofitswereveryeasy.(2)“Waitamoment”callsforasecondthoughtormoreattentionfromtheaudience,signifyingthatthingsmaynotbeas