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3702008-12-3112basicterms21drillingequipment211drillingequipment(rig)212drillingtools213drillingtechnology22drilling221coredrilling222non-coredrilling223reaming23sealingofhole3drillingmethods31solidmineraldrilling32hydro-geologicaldrilling33waterwelldrilling34engineeringgeologicaldrilling35oilandgasdrilling36civilengineeringdrilling37geothermaldrilling4physical-mechanicalpropertiesofrockandrockfragmentation41physical-mechanicalpropertiesofrock411rockstrength412rockhardness4121indentationhardnessofrock4122drophammerhardnessofrock4123ballpendulumhardnessofrock4124abrasivehardnessofrock413elasticityofrock4131elasticmodulusofrockE414plasticityofrock4141plasticityindexofrockK415aeolotropismofrock416rockabrasiveness42rockdrillability421drillabilityindexofrock422drillabilityclassificationofrock43methodofrockfragmentation431mechanicalfragmentationofrock432physicalfragmentationofrock433chemicalfragmentationofrock44fragmentationmechanismofrock441surfacefragmentationofrock442fatiguefragmentationofrock443volumetricalfragmentationofrock5drillholeandwell51drillhole,bore-hole,well-bore511verticalhole512inclinedhole,slanthole,anglehole513horizontalhole514directionalhole52well53essentialelementsofdrillhole531holediameter5311initialholediameter5312finalholediameter532holedepth54holestructure6drillequipmentandsurfacetools61drill62mudpump,slushpump63derrick,mast64drillingrig65mudmixer66purifyingdevice67waterswivel68liftingtools69making-uporbreaking-outtools610clamp611derrickmanelevator7drilltubings71drillrod,drillpipe711drivepipe7111kelly712wire-linedrillrod713right-handthreadeddrillrod714left-handthreadeddrillrod715externalthreadeddrillrod716internalthreadeddrillrod717dual-walldrillpipe()72drillcollar73casing731conductorpipe732(173)733(1732)734casingshoe74corebarrel75sedimenttube,mudtube76joint761tooljoint7611pinjoint7612boxjoint762sub,adapter763drillrodjoint77coupling771drillrodcoupling772casingcoupling773couplingwithwrenchflat7731pincoupling7732boxcoupling78single79stand710drillstring711drilltools8drillbit81corebit82non-corebit83hard-metalbit831sharpablebit8311verticaltippedbit8312positivebackraketippedbit8313negativebackraketippedbit832self-sharpeningbit833pintypecarbidebit84diamondbit841structuralelementsofbit8411matrix8412blank8413profile(kerf)8414waterways8415insideoroutsidewaterways(channels)8416diamondconcentration842typeofdiamondbit8421surfacesetdiamondbit8422impregnateddiamondbit8423polycrystallinediamondcompactbit(pdcbit)843manufacturingofdiamondbit8431infiltrationprocesswithcoldpressing8432sinteringprocesswithhotpressing8433infiltrationprocesswithvibration8434()processwithelectro-plated844diamondreamingshell85shotdrillingbit()86rockbit861three-conerockbit87dragbit88percussionbit89reamingbit810casingbit811underreamerbit9drillingmethods91rotarydrilling92percussiondrilling93percussive-rotarydrilling94vibrato-drilling95vibro-rotarydrilling96augerdrilling97tungsten-carbidedrilling98diamonddrilling99shotdrilling910rochbitdrilling911dragbitdrilling()10drillingtechniqueanddrillingparameters101()drillingtechniques1011optimizeddrilling1012program-controlleddrilling1013jetdrilling1014reversecirculationdrilling10141airliftreversecirculationdrilling10142suctionpumpreversecirculationdrilling10143jetreversecirculationdrilling1015wire-linecoredrilling1016()centersamplerecovery(CSR),reversecirculationcoredrilling()1017reversecirculationdrillingwithoutpump1018retrievablebitdrilling(withoutdrillstringlifting)102drillingparameters1021weightonbit(WOB),BITpressureF1022rotaryspeedr/min1023flowrate,pumpdischargeQ1024pumpworkingpressureP1025shotfeedingperrung1026percussionfrequencyf1027percussiontoolweight1028percussionheight1029penetrationperrevolution11flushing111flushingmedium1111emulsion1112mudfluid()11121water-basedmud()111211dispersedfreshwatermud1%120ppmsalt-watermud(1%)111213low-solidnon-dispersedmud4%()111214oil-in-wateremulsionmud111215foamedmud()11122oil-basemud1113non-claydrillingfluid11131saturatedsalt-waterdrillingfluid11132lubricatingdrillingfluid1114gasandliquidmixture()()112mudmaterials1121mud-formingclay11211yieldofclay15mPas1122inorganicagent11221viscosifier11222thinningagents,thinner11223filtrationcontrolagents11224flocculent11225lubricant11226foamingagent()()11227emulsifier1123lostcirculationmaterial(LCM),pluggingmaterial113mudrheology114propertiesoffluid1141densityp1142funnelviscosityT1143filtrationlossB1144filtercakethicknessh1145solidcontentc1146sandcontent74ums1147hydrogenionconcentrationvaluepH1148sedimentationstability1149coagulationstability11410colloidalrateG115circulationofflushmedium1151directcirculation1152reversecirculation12holewallprotectionandlossshut-off121holewallstability1211rockfissurity1212rockpermeability1213rockporositym1214watersensitivityofrocks1215watersolubilityofrocks122lossofcirculation1221seepageloss1222partialloss1223totalloss,lostcirculation1224seriousloss,catastropheloss1225lossintensity123waterintrusion(inflow)124losssurveying125shot-offofloss1251pluggingtest13samplingmethodsandtools13