Module5Unit2Theenvironment重点单词1.debatevi.&n.争论,辩论,讨论【用法拓展】debateon/about...就……辩论debatewithsb.aboutsth.和某人就某事辩论考虑/讨论是否……haveadebate进行讨论、辩论underdebate在辩论中,在讨论中open/closeadebate开始/终止辩论(be)opentodebate/amatterfordebate还有待于讨论debatewithoneself仔细考虑,思考,盘算debatableadj.可争辩的,有争议的【易混辨析】debate/argue/discuss(1)debate指在正式场合,和意见对立的一方进行全面地、彻底地、比较正式地争论,重在各述理由,双方交锋。后接名词或连接代词、副词引起的不定式短语,不接that从句。(2)argue指就自己的看法、立场条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由,以说服他人。其后可接名词或that从句,不可接what,when,whether等引导的从句和不定式。(3)discuss重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有意说服对方的成分。其后可接名词、动名词、不定式短语或when,whether,what等引导的从句,但不可接that从句。Theyhadbeendebatingforseveralhourswithoutreachingaconclusion.他们已经争论了好几个小时,仍然没有得出一个结论。[剑桥高阶]Educationisthecurrentfocusofpublicdebate.教育是目前大众谈论的焦点。[剑桥高阶]Shedebatedwithherselfforawhile,andthenpickedupthephone.她仔细琢磨了一会儿,然后拿起了电话。Thetwosidesdebatedwitheachotheraboutwhowasthebestforawholeday.双方就谁是最优秀的问题相互争论了一整天。Hewasdebatingwhethertogoforawalkortovisitafriend.他当时正考虑是去散步还是去拜访一位朋友。即学即用完成句子①He________usintobelievingthathewasinnocent.他说服了我们,相信他是清白的。答案:argued②We________howtocarryouttheplan.我们讨论了如何实施这个计划。答案:discussed2.expandvt.&vi.扩展,扩大【用法拓展】expandv.使变大,伸展,扩大,其名词为expansion详述,进一步说明expandinto扩展成……【易混辨析】expand/spread/stretch(1)expand指向四面八方扩大、扩张。(2)spread指消息、疾病、瘟疫等的传播、蔓延,也指把某物铺开或把胳膊张开。(3)stretch指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、颈由曲变直,由短变长的伸展或伸出,多与out连用。Committeemembersexpandedontheissuesatthemeeting.委员会成员在会上详述了那些问题。[美国传统]Thesofaexpandsintoabed.那个沙发展开就是一张床。[美国传统]即学即用用expand,spread,stretch的适当形式填空③Theman________theinformationalloverthetown.答案:spread④Metals________whentheyareheated.答案:expand⑤Thecompanyhas________itsoperationsinAtlantabybuildinganewfactorythere.答案:expanded⑥Despitetherecession,thecompanyisconfidentoffurther________.答案:expansion⑦She________outherhandstomeetme.答案:stretched3.concernn.&v.关心,关注;担心,担忧【用法拓展】beconcernedabout/forsth.担心,挂念beconcernedin(=beinvolvedin)涉及,牵涉beconcernedwith有关,关于beconcernedthat...(=beworried)担心as/sofarassb./sth.isconcerned就某人/某事而言concerningprep.关于,就……来说【特别提醒】(1)concernedadj.作前置定语时,作“关切的”讲;作后置定语时,作“有关的”讲。(2)concern可作动词,但一般不用于进行时,意为“与……有关系,涉及,影响到”。(3)concern作名词,意为“所关切的事;担心,忧虑”。Thelackofraindeeplyconcernedthefarmers.缺雨使农民们深感忧虑。[美国传统]Hehasneverbeenveryconcernedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofhim.他从来不大在乎别人怎样看他。Asfaraswe’reconcerned,youcangowheneveryouwant.(=Wedon’tmindwhenyougo.)就我们而言,你们随时想走都可以走。Concerningyourrequest,Iampleasedtoinformyouthat...关于你的请求,我非常高兴地告诉你……即学即用用concern及相关短语的适当形式填空⑧Everyonewhowas________theaffairregretsitverymuch.答案:concernedin⑨Thisstoryis________aRussianfamilyinthe19thcentury.答案:concernedwith⑩Hehasneverbeenvery________whatotherpeoplethinkofhim.答案:concernedabout⑪________(=Inmyopinion),thewholeideaiscrazy.答案:AsfarasI’mconcerned⑫HowmuchmoneyIearnis________(与你无关).答案:noneofyourconcern⑬________thatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost,shewentuptothepoliceman.答案:Concerned4.rangen.范围【用法拓展】(1)rangen.[C](常用单数)(变动或浮动的)范围,界限,区域beyond/outsidetherangeof超出了……的范围intherangeof在……范围内(2)rangen.[C](常用单数)种类;一系列awide/full/great/diverserangeof一系列;各种(3)rangen.视觉或听觉范围in/withinrange(ofsth.)在可及的范围内,在视觉/听觉范围内outofrange(ofsth.)在视觉/听觉范围之外(4)rangevi.(在一定范围内)变化,变动rangefromAtoB/rangebetweenAandB(5)range(vi.+adv./prep.)(fromAtoB)包括(从……到……之间的各类事物)(6)rangevt.(按一定位置或顺序)排列,排序rangesb./sth.+adv./prep.(常用被动语态)=sb./sth.beranged+adv./prep.(7)rangevt.&vi.徘徊,漫步;四处移动(8)rangeoversth.涉及;包括Thepricerangeisfrom$100to$500.价格从100美元到500美元不等。[剑桥高阶]Thistypeofworkisoutside/beyond/outofmyrange(ofexperience).这种工作我(没经验)做不了。[剑桥高阶]Theiragesrangefrom25to50.他们的年龄范围从25岁到50岁。即学即用完成句子⑭Itisbeyond________________ofmyability.这超出了我的能力范围。答案:therange⑮Therewillbeanincrease________________________________0to3percent.将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。答案:intherangeof⑯Accommodation________________touristclass________luxuryhotels.住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。答案:rangesfrom;to⑰Spectators________________alongthewholerouteoftheprocession.旁观者们排列在整个游行路线的两侧。答案:wereranged⑱Hereyes________theroom.她的目光在屋子里来回扫视。答案:ranged⑲Hislecture________________anumberoftopics.他的讲座涉及许多话题。答案:rangedover5.effortn.努力;艰难的尝试【用法拓展】makeaneffort/makeeffortstodosth.努力去做某事makeeveryefforttodosth.尽一切努力去做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地去做某事with(an)effort费力地,使劲地(=withdifficulty)withouteffort毫不费力地inaneffort(todosth.)费劲地,艰难地(去做某事)tryeverymeans(todosth.)不择手段(去做某事)Ifwecouldallmakeanefforttokeepthisofficetidieritwouldhelp.如果我们都努力保持整洁,那么办公室的面貌肯定会大有改观。[剑桥高阶]He’sjoggingroundtheparkeverymorninginanefforttogetfitforthefootballseason.为了调整好身体状况迎接这个赛季的足球赛,他现在每天早晨都绕着公园慢跑。[剑桥高阶]Wewillmakeeveryefforttohelpthepoorchildrengotoschool.我们将尽一切努力去帮助贫穷孩子上学。Pleasekeepontrying.I’msuretheeffortsyouaremakingwillpayoff.请继续努力,我确信你的付出将会有所收获。即学即用完成句子⑳Weshould________________tofinishthetaskontime.我们应该尽力按时完成任务。答案:makeeffortsHe________________________tosavethepatient.他不遗余力地抢救病人。答案:sparednoeffort216.createvt.创造,创作;引起,产生,造成【用法拓展】creationn.创造,创立creativeadj.有创造力的creativityn.创造力,独创力creatorn.创造者【易混辨析】create/invent/make/produce这四个词均表示制成,创造出新的,原来没有的事物。(1)create表示一种艺术的行为,是有意识的设想。也指意义并不深远的创新。Thenovelistcreatesauniqueviewoflifebyusingeverydaylanguage.这个小说家用简单的语言阐述了一种与众不同的人生观。(2)invent比create更强调才干,更注重观念的形成而不是制作过程。Hehasinventedanewwayofmakingsilk.他发明了一种制造丝绸的新方法。(3)mak