医学英语演讲-抑郁症

FourQuestions1.Whatisdepression?2.Whatcausesdepression?3.Whatarethesymptoms?4.Howisittreated?Whatisdepression?Depressionisamooddisorder（心境障碍）thatcausesyoutofeelsadorhopelessforanextendedperiodoftime.Morethanjustaboutofthebluesortemporaryfeelingsofgrieforlowenergy,depressioncanhaveasignificantimpactonyourenjoymentoflife,yourwork,yourhealth,andthepeopleyoucareabout.Ifyouhavesymptomsofdepression,youarenotalone.IntheUSA,anestimated15%ofpeoplewillhavedepressionatsomepointinlife,andchancesofbecomingdepressedareevenhigherforcertainpeople.Womenexperiencedepressiontwiceasoftenasmen,althoughmenaremorelikelytocommitsuicide（自杀）asaresultofdepression.Separatedordivorcedindividuals,especiallymen,aremorelikelythanmarriedpeopletobecomedepressed.Peoplewhohaveaseriousillnessaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.Whatcausesdepression?DangerousorunsafeenvironmentinfamilyBeingneglected（忽视）fromclosedoneinearlylifeTraumatic（惨痛的）experienceslateinlifeOneimportantcauseisthelossofjobDeathoflovedonePoorself-confidenceSideeffects（副作用）ofsomeothermedicinethatleadtodepressionHormonal（激素）changesalwaysaffectonmoodthatleadtodepressionFrequentlytakingdrugoralcoholTypesofDepressionMajorDepression（重性抑郁症）majordepressionisthecombination（组合）ofallsymptomsthatdisturbtheperson'sdailyroutineworks,study,sleep,eatingandenjoyinghabits.Thisdepressionappearsonlyoncebutmostlyoccursseveraltimesinalifetime.Itislessseveretypeofdepression.Fromthisdepression,peopledon'tdisablebecauseitdoesnotinvolveallsymptoms.Thistypeofdepressionkeepspeoplefromfunctioningwellorfromfellinggood.Manypeoplewhoareindysthymiadepressionfeellikemajordepressionafgersometime.DysthymiaDepression（心境抑郁）Bipolardisorder（躁郁症）Itisalsocalledasmanic-depressiveillness（狂躁抑郁症病）.Bipolardisorderischaracterized（特征）bycycling（循环）moodchangedramatically（戏剧性的）andrapidly.Thepeopleinbipolardisorderfeellikeelated（兴高采烈的）.Whatarethesymptoms?depressionThinkspeakslowlyDespairworthlessnessLoseInterestenjoymentSelf-harmSelf-blameSuicideideasLackenergyfatigabilityDisturbedsleepPoorappetiteCommonsymptomsinclude:Feelingsofguiltandhopelessness;wonderingiflifeisworthliving(common).Preoccupationwiththoughtsofdeathorsuicide.Poormemory.Complaintsthathavenophysicalcause(somaticcomplaints)suchasheadacheandstomachache.Problemsconcentrating.Difficultymakingdecisions.NowsituationThesedays,depressionisnolongeradifficulttopictotalkabout.Itisgraduallyacceptedbytheworld.Thiscouldbethereasonmorepeopleseekhelpandinformationfromtheirfamilydoctor,psychologist,oratrustedconfidante.Mostpeoplestatetheydonothaveacertaineventortragedythatcausedthemtofeelsad.Depressionnormallycreepsupslowly,andbeforeyouknowit,thereisalossofjoyinthethingsandactivitiesyouonceenjoyed.Thereisasenseofsadnessandwithdrawalfromotherpeople.Thesefeelingsmakeitdifficultformostpeopletoseektreatment.Howisittreated?•Depressionisusuallytreatedsuccessfullywithprofessionalcounselingorantidepressantmedication.Oftenacombinationofthetwoismosteffective.1.Improvesleepandincreasetheexcitementoffood（改善睡眠提高兴奋度的食物）Anessentialaminoacidinthehumanbody.（一种人体必需的氨基酸）5-hydroxytryptamine（色胺酸的代谢产物五羟色胺）Byincreasingtheconcentrationofcanimprove5-hydroxytryptaminethesymptomsofdepressionpatients.通过提高五羟色胺的浓度可以改善抑郁症患者的症状。2.Increasetheenthusiasmoftheworkoffood提高工作积极性的食物Eatingseafoodcanimprovementaldisorders.吃海鲜可改善精神障碍BecausetheOmega-3containedinseafoodcanproduceasimilarroleintheequivalentofantidepressants.因为海鲜中所含的Ω－3脂肪酸能产生相当于抗抑郁药的类似作用3.Foodthatmakesthemoodhappy让情绪愉快起来的食物Foodcontainstraceelement（微量元素）Selenium（硒）,Zinc（锌），Copper（铜）FivewaystocombatbadmoodsanddepressionDosomething!LearnhowtoliveconsciouslyWriteaplanGetmoreselfunderstandingUnderstandthatbadmoodsmightnotdisappearovernightWaystoovercomedepressionSelf-regulationPsychologicalcounselingandpsychotherapyAntidepressantmedicationIntegratedways•Takingactionsinsteadoflyinginbed.•Takingseriousactionsisoneofthemostpowerfulwaysforendingbadmoodsanddepression.•Sometimesyourmindneedsnothingmorethanreassuranceinordertoremovethebadmood.Insuchacasewritingaplanmightbetheperfectsolutiontobadmood.