德伯家的苔丝 presentation

TessoftheD'UrbervillesThomasHardy(1840-1928)17112303顾蓉17112307蒋爱家17112312吴晶Contents•TheAuthor•AnalysisonCharacters•MainIdea•PlotoftheText•AnalysisontheTextThomasHardy(1840~1928)ThomasHardy•Life•Works•Theme&Style•Position&EvaluationLifeThomasHardywasanEnglishnovelist,shortwriterandpoet.HewasaVictorianpoet.Heusedhiswritingstoelaboratehisownpessimisticviewoflife.Life•1840wasborninDorsetshire•1848attendedJuliaMartin'sschool•1856wasapprenticed（当学徒）toalocalarchitect•1862wassenttoLondon•1867wrotepoetryandnovels•1874marriedEmmaRavenna•1910wasawardedtheOrderofMerit•1914marriedFlorenceDugale•1928diedWorks•1867ThePoorManandTheLady•1871DesperateRemedies•1872UndertheGreenwoodTree•1873APairofBlueEyes•1874FarFromtheMaddingCrowd•1878TheReturnoftheNative•1886TheMayorofCasterbridge•1887TheWoodlanders•1891TessoftheD'Urebevilles•1895JudetheObscureWorks•ShortStories1888WessexTales1894Life’sLittleIronies…•Poetry1904~1908TheDynastsWorks•HisnovelswerepublishedinserialformsinmagazinesandpopularinbothEnglandandAmerica.•However,despitethepraiseHardy'sfictionreceived,manycriticsalsofoundhisworkstooshocking,especiallyTessoftheD'UrbervillesandJudetheObscure.TheoutcryagainstJudewassogreatthatHardydecidedtostopwritingnovelsandreturntohisfirstgreatlove,poetry.Theme&Style•Themefatalismandpessimism--man'slifecontrolledbyhostile,cruel,mysteriousfate--apessmisticveinrunsthroughouthisnovelssympathyforthepeasantsTheme&Style•StyleNaturalismpreviousRomanticEnlightenmentperiodsofliteratureanaturalistictendencyarchitecturalstructurepersonificationandsymbolismTheme&StyleNaturalisminthenineteenthcenturyaproductofpost-DarwinianbiologyaliterarymovementasaccuratelyaspossiblewithoutartificialdistortionsRomanticduringthefirstthirdofthenineteenthcenturyartisticphilosophyrelianceuponemotionandnaturalpassionsuniquenatureoftheindividualPosition&EvaluationHispoetrymarksthetransitionfromtheVictorianAgetothemodernistmovementofthe20thcentury.AnalysisonCharacters•TessDurbeyfield•Alecd’Urberville•AngelClareTessDurbeyfield•Intelligent,strikinglyattractive,deepmoralsensitivity,passionateintensity•amythicheroine•St.TeresaofAvila(圣女大德兰)Theresa•“DaughterofNature”inChapter18“Artemis”and“Demeter”inChapter20TessDurbeyfield•amythicalincarnationofwomanhood•hereyesare“neitherblacknorbluenorgreynorviolet;ratheralltheseshadestogether,”like“analmoststandardwoman.”•a“standard”storyTessDurbeyfield•thechangingroleoftheagriculturalworkersinEnglandinthelatenineteenthcentury•financialconstraints•aristocracyinTess'sblood•notquiteuptothelevelofAlec’sorAngel’s•asymbolofunclearandunstablenotionsofclassAlecd’Urberville•thenemesisanddownfallofTess’slife•AlexandertheGreatAlexander•Stoke-d’Urbervillethesplitcharacterofhisfamily•dividedduplicitousAlecd’Urberville•diabolical残忍的，恶魔的•Thefirstpartofhissurnameconjuresassociationswithfieryenergies,asinthestokingofafurnaceortheflamesofhell.•HeseducesherastheserpentinGenesisseducedEve.•Alecdoesnottrytohidehisbadqualities.•“IsupposeIamabadfellow—adamnbadfellow.Iwasbornbad,andIhavelivedbad,andIshalldiebad,inallprobability.Alecd’Urberville•Herepresentsalargermoralprincipleratherthanarealindividualman.LikeSatan,Alecsymbolizesthebaseforcesoflifethatdriveapersonawayfrommoralperfectionandgreatness.AngelClare•afreethinkingsonbornintothefamilyofaprovincialparson•arebelliousstrivingtowardapersonalvisionofgoodness•secularist现世主义者，世俗主义者•workforthe“honorandgloryofman”•atypicalyoungnineteenth-centuryprogressive•Herejectsthevalueshandedtohim,andsetsoffinsearchofhisown.AngelClare•Angelisnotquiteofthisworld,butfloatsaboveitinatranscendentsphereofhisown.•hisloveforTessmaybeabstract•DaughterofNatureorDemeter•Angel’sidealsofhumanpurityaretooelevatedtobeappliedtoactualpeople.•Itisnottheangelwhoguidesthehumaninthisnovel,butthehumanwhoinstructstheangel,althoughatthecostofherownlife.MainIdea•Tesscomesfromafarmer’sfamily,theDurbeyfields.Shehaslivedapoorbutpeacefullife.•theyaredescendedfromtheD’Urbervilles.•thegirlcomesincontactwiththeStoke,D’Urbervilles.ThereshemeetsAlecD’Urbervilles,whoshowsofftheestateandalwaysseducesher.•Beinghumiliatedandresolute,Tessreturnshome,andgivesbirthtoababywhodiessoon•Tesshastoleavehomeandgoestoworkasadairymaidatadistantfarm,whereshemeetsAngelClaire.•Theyfallinlove,butAngelabandonher.Mainidea•AlecD’Urbervilles,theevilpersonappearsagain.HetakesadvantageoftheDurbeyfields’povertyandcontinuestotemptTess.•AngelClaire,whoisremorsefulforhismercilessness,comesback,buttofindthecruelreality.•AfterAngelleaves,shestabsAlecintheheartandkillshim.•ThenshefollowsAngelandescapewithhim•TheymanagetohideforawhileinawoodbeforetheycometoStonehenge,wheresheisarrested.•Sheishangedlater.TheplotofChapterLVIIIChapterLIXThelastparagraph•“Justice”wasdone,andthePresidentoftheImmortals(inAeschyleanphrase)hadendedhissportwithTess.Andthed’Urbervilleknightsanddamessleptonintheirtombsunknowing.Thetwospeechlessgazersbentthemselvesdowntotheearth,asifinprayer,andremainedtherealongtime,absolutelymotionless:theflagcontinuedtowavesilently.Assoonastheyhadstrengththeyarose,joinedhandsaga