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ThomasHardy•Literatureisamirrorofreallifewhichcanreflectallaspectsofpeople’slives.•Tragedyisakindofliterarycreation,whichisnotasimpleartisticformortechniquebuttherepeatofrealsociety.Itcandepictthepiteous,sad,distressingandsentimentalplotsbydescribingsometortuousorcomplicatedevents.TheBritishfamouswriterThomasHardywasoneoftheexcellentnovelistsoftheVictorianage.Hedelineatedalotofcharactersoftragedies,showingvariouspersons’enchantment.ThomasHardy’sTessoftheD’urbervillesreflectedhisrealsociety.HardysucceededinportrayingtheimageofheroineTessandrevealingthehypocriticalethicsandmoralsofbourgeoissociety.MajorcharactersMajorcharacters•TessDurbeyfield—Theprotagonist,eldestdaughterinapoorruralworkingfamily;afresh,well-developedcountrygirlwholooksmarkedlymorematurethansheis.Majorcharacters•AngelClare—Thesonofaclergyman;Tess'shusbandandtruelove.•Heconsidershimselfasfreethinker,buthisnotionsofmoralityturnouttobefairlyconventional.•HerejectsTessontheirweddingnightwhensheconfessesthatsheisn'tavirgin,eventhoughheneither.Majorcharacters•AlecStoke-d'Urberville—ThelibertinesonofSimonStokes.•HerapesTesswhensheisnomorethansixteenorseventeenyearsold,andlaterpursuesherrelentlessly.•HepersuadeshertoseetherealityinherrelationshipwithAngelandconvinceshertobecomehismistress.•TessDurbeyfieldisa16-year-oldsimplecountrygirl.Inachance,TessmeetsAlecd’Urberville,whofindshimselfattractedtoTess.AlecseducesandrapesTess.Tessreturnshome,givesbirthtoason,butdiedforillness.OutlineOUTLINE•Tessmakesanotherjourneyawayfromhome,andshemeetsandfallsinlovewithAngelClare.Afterthewedding,TessandAngelconfesstheirpaststoeachother.TessforgivesAngelforhispastindiscretions,butAngelcannotforgiveTessforhavingachildwithanotherman.AngelgoingtoBrazilforayearandTessgoingbackhome.•TessreturnstoAlecwhileAngelreturnsfromBraziltolookforTess.TesskillsAlecandstayswithAngelfor7daysandthenpolicestakesTessaway.Statusofwoman•TessdoesnotwanttobeseducedbyAlecandshejusthasnopowertodefenseherself.Soshelostherpurity.AnglealsodoeswrongthinganditevenseriousthanTess’scrime,buthehasnotbeenblamedforit.Whyitisalwaysruinthegood?Thousandsofyearsofhistoryhaveshownthatwomenhavealwaysbeentreatedunequallyineverycountry.Thetruthoflove•Tesscomesoverthecontemptofothers,butsheisdefeatedbythemanshelovesmost.Itissoridiculous!IhaveguessedthatifAngelhasnotabandonedher,allthingsmaybetotallydifferent.Angeldoesnotlikehisnamemeans.Heisnottheangelthatgodsenttosaveher.Heisnotdeservedhersacrifice.Whycannotheforgiveherpast?Ifhereallylovesher,thechastitywouldbenothing,whatistrulyimportantisherspirit.Iftheyhavenotmeteachother,theyarejuststrangersandthetragedymaynothappen.•Thebeautyoftessisdifferentfromotherimagesinnovels,notwildnessorpersistence.Herpuritylikestheclearsky.Thoughsometimeswillbecoveredbyclouds,whentheyflyaway,itstillisthemostclearandpureskyintheworld.Thinking•LOVEshouldbeselflessandequal.Thepersonwithdeep,reallovewillacceptthepasthisorherlover,nomatterhowbaditis.Becausetheycanunderstandthatthepastisonepartoftheirloverswhichcannotbeerased.Toleranceisoneelementoflastinglove.Withouttolerance,therelationshipwillbecomemoreandmorenarrowandwithnoextraairtobreath.Thatwillmeantheendingoflove.Soeveryoneinloveshouldlearntounderstandeachother,becausemaybeonlyasmallmistakecanoveryourallrelationship.Ihopeeveryonewillobtainyourtruelove