四十八个英语音标教学(36张ppt)

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48个英语国际音标教学在英语26个字母中:元音字母:aeiou(y)(半元音)26个英文字母及发音音标如下:Aa/eɪ/Bb/bi:/Cc/si:/Dd/di:/Ee/i:/Ff/ef/Gg/dʒi:/Hh/eɪt∫/Ii/aɪ/Jj/dʒeɪ/Kk/keɪ/Ll/el/Mm/em/Nn[en]Oo[əʊ]Pp[pi:]Qq/kju:/Rr/ɑ:/Ss/es/Tt/ti:/Uu/ju:/Vv/vi:/Ww/’dΛblju:/Xx/eks/Yy/waɪ/Zz/zi://zed/元音Vowels(20个)单元音(12个)双元音(8个)元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分单元音发音的共性:1.舌位不移动,口型不变化;2.在发音过程中,没有摩擦;3.不受发音器官的任何阻碍。前元音:/i://I//e//æ/前元音发音时,舌端贴近下齿,舌前部抬高;后元音:back/ɑ://ɒ//ɔ://ʊ//u:/后元音发音时,舌端离开下齿,舌后部抬高;中元音:central/Λ//З://ə/中元音发音时,舌端离开下齿,舌身平放;双元音:diphthongs/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//aʊ//əʊ/双元音发音时:1.口型有变化;2.第一个音响亮;3.口型由第一个音滑向第二个音时,发音结束。辅音:Consonants(28个)发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分。/p//b//f//v//∫//ʒ//t//d//s//z//t∫//dʒ//k//g//ϑ//ð//tr//dr//ts//dz//m//n//ŋ//l/(ƚ)/r/(浊)/h/(清)/w//j/辅音音标:摩擦音爆破音鼻辅音舌侧音半元音破(塞)擦音辅音音标:/p//b//f//v//∫//ʒ//t//d//s//z//t∫//dʒ//k//g//ϑ//ð//tr//dr//ts//dz//m//n//ŋ//l/(ƚ)/r/(浊)/h/(清)/w//j/爆破音摩擦音破(塞)擦音鼻辅音舌侧音半元音清辅音(voiceless)发音时不振动声带所发出的辅音,即清音纯粹由气流受阻所构成的且不带乐音。浊辅音(voiced)振动声带所发出的辅音,除气流受到阻碍外,同时振动声带发出乐音。开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音(除r)+不发音e如:cake;name;make;these;Chinese;bike;kite;shine;home;nose;notebook;blue;glue;student2)元音或辅音(除r)+元音如:a;he;me;we;be;fly;by;why;go;no;hello闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音(除r):glad;bad;bag;map;bed;get;let;sit;big;hit;hot;not;fog;but;put;nut;cut2)元音+辅音(除r)如:at;egg;it;is;in;of;on;up重读闭音节三要素:1.必须是重读音节;2.最后只有一个辅音字母;3.元音字母发短元音重读闭音节在形容词变比较级,最高级;在动词变现代分词,过去式,过去分词需要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音.如:red---redder,thin---thinner---thinnestsit---sitting,begin---beginningstop---stopped,control---controlled*travel,traveled/travelledr音节:(在重读音节)(在非重读音节)ar---------/ɑ:/er---------/З:/ir---------/З://ə/or--------/ɔ:/ur--------/З:/*war---------/ɔ:/*wor--------/З:/字母组合:1.元音:1)/i:/字母组合:eeeaeieeithreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleaseheshemetheseChinesepiecereceiveceiling2)/I/发音字母iyeuiuasitpictureitislistfitpigbigmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydecidedeliciousrememberbuildminutecabbage3)/e/字母组合eaea(u,ie,ai,)headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyanyburyfriendsaid4)/æ/发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallmancanthatcabbage5)/ɑ:/字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalmcan’t6)/ɒ/发音字母oahotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwhatwantwashwatch7)/ɔ:/字母组合aloroorauourarsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter9)/u:/字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefull8)/ʊ/字母组合ooouuolookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldwouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf10)/Λ/发音字母及字母组合uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdoesbrotherabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood11)/З:/字母组合irureroreargirlshirtskirtthirtythirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtletermhernerdserveworkwormworkworldlearnearnearthheard12)/ə/字母组合erorarurouaeiouteacherleaderrememberplayerfarmerdoctoractormayorauthortractorfamiliarcollardollargrammarSaturdaypleasuredeliciousgraciousaroundagoelephantbananachinapolicemenmomentfamilytogethertomorrowtodaycontrolpoliteautumn13)/eɪ/发音字母及字母组合aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)/aɪ/发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnightmytryflyeyeby15)/ɔɪ/字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice16)/ɪə/字母组合eerearbeerdeerearnearheardearherefierceidea17)/eə/字母组合earairerearepearbearchairairfairtherewherecarefare18)/ʊə/字母组合ourowerhourtourflowershower19)/aʊ/字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown20)/əʊ/发音字母及字母组合oowoahomecoldgonophoneghostknowlowgrowshowflowboatcoatgoalgoat成节音:英语辅音音素中有4个辅音/m//n//ŋ//l/是响音,它们和辅音音素结合,也可构成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾,一般是非重读音节。seven/’sevn/pencil/’pensl/student/’stju:dnt/people/’pi:pl/gentle/’dʒentl/sudden/’sΛdn/音节:英语的单词中有一个音节叫单音节词,两个音节叫双音节词,三个音节以上叫多音节词。单音节:Thereisabigsweetcakehere.双音节:Chinesepeoplebecomestronger.多音节:Interestingandexcitingoutdooractivitiesarewelcomedbyalltheteenagers.如何划分音节:1.先找元音去尾e,一个元音一音节。元音相连是组合,加上头尾是整体。2.如果两个元音字母之间有一个或多个辅音字:一靠后,二分手,多个中间偏左右,组合字母算一个,常见组合要遵守。词尾看e加音节,发音不发分两种,双字相连不连手,听音验证最后头,解释意外不发愁。单音节:a,is,fly,stay,right双音节:become---be/come,table---ta/ble多音节:understand---un/der/standimportant---im/por/tantreference---ref/e/renceindependence---in/de/pen/dencecongratulation---con/gra/tu/la/tion*late-later-latest,restroom,however常见组合要遵守:英语里有一些字母常常组合在一起,但它们不像固定组合字母那样发一个音,而是各发各的音,如:pr,pl,fr,cl,sp,st,sk,scr,gr,也有一些是组合发音,如:ph,ght,ing,tion,等等,这类组合字母在划分音节时一般不拆开,把它们划分在一起,尊重它们的常见组合习惯。新旧英语国际音标对照表Vowels元音新/i://І//e//æ//З://ə//Λ//u://ʊ//ɔ:/旧/i://i//e//æ//ə://ə//Λ//u://u//ɔ:/新/ɒ//ɑ://eI//aI//ɔI//əʊ//aʊ//Iə//eə//ʊə/旧/Ɔ//ɑ://ei//ai//ɔi//əu//au//iə//εə//uə/Consonants辅音无变化/p//b//t//d//k//g//f//v//s//z//ϑ//ð//∫//ʒ//t∫//dʒ//tr//dr//ts//dz//m//n//ŋ//l//r//h//w//j/

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