搜索
CatalogueSummarize1Introduction2GreatPyramidofKhufu3Theend4金字塔是埃及人在他们的领袖法老的命令下建造的。在公元前2615年左右，几任法老相继统治埃及，基奥普斯法老建造了有史以来最大的金字塔——大金字塔，也被称为胡夫金字塔。胡夫金字塔每边长770英尺，高481英尺。古代的建筑者是如何建造这些庞然大物的，这一直是个未解之谜，但很明显它需要付出大量的脑力和体力。•AreferenceofEgypt,allofuswillassociatewiththepyramids.ThepyramidswerebuiltbyEgyptiansundertheordersoftheEgyptianleader,whosenamewasPharaoh.TherewasasequenceofPharaohsculminatingaround2615B.C.,withthePharaohCheopswhobuiltthebiggestthing,theGreatPyramid,alsoknownasKhufu.Cheopsbuiltapyramidwhich770feetononesideand481feettall.Howancientbuildersmanagedtobuildthesemassivestructureshasneverbeenfullyanswered.古埃及金字塔是奴隶制帝王的陵墓，最宏大的当为吉萨三座大金字塔。塔基呈方形，每边长230米，高146米，用230余万块巨石（每块平均重达2.5吨）垒成.•PyramidsofancientEgyptistheemperor'stombofslavery,themostambitious[æm'biʃəs]ofthethreewhentheGreatPyramidofGiza.Towerfootingisasquare,eachsidelength230meters,146metershigh,builtbymorethan230millionpiecesofstoneeachweightingonanaverageof2.5tonnes).Thekingtombbuiltwith400tonsofrock.Overallsizeofthemagnificent,designscience,structureiscomplicated,whichhaslasted30yearstocompleted.AncientGreece,itwasknownasoneoftheSevenWondersoftheworld.In1980,it'sinscribedontheWorldHeritageList.Forbeingamanmadewonderthathassurvivedthesandsoftime,thepyramidsrisetotheNo.2spot.国王墓室用一块400吨重的石板垒成。整体规模雄伟壮观，设计科学，构造复杂，历时30年建成。古希腊时即被称为世界七大奇迹之一，1980年列入世界遗产名录。历经岁月的沧桑，金字塔位列十大人工奇观排行榜第2名。矗立在埃及沙漠中吉萨的三座大金字塔建于4000年前，它们一直都是有史以来最宏大的建筑。•苏珊:Look,howbigthepyramidofKhufuis!•你看!胡夫金字塔可真大啊!•贾斯汀:Yes.It`smagnificent.Thetourguidetoldusthatmorethantwomillionstoneblockswereusedtobuildit,weighinganaverageof2.5tonseach.•嗯.特别壮观.导游告诉我们建胡夫金字塔用了200多万吨巨石.平均每一块有2.5吨那么重.•苏珊:HowdidtheancientEgyptiansdothat?4,000yearsagotherewasnomachinery.Howcouldtheymovesuchenormousblockstobuildsuchahugepyramid?•这么重!那古埃及人怎么运输这些巨石建起如此之大的金字塔呢?4000多年前可没有任何的机器.•贾斯汀:DuringtheannualfloodoftheNile,thestoneblockswerefloateddowntheriveronbargestotheconstructionsite.•每年尼罗河发大水的时候.人们就把石头装在驳船上.船顺流而下.漂到建金字塔的地方.•苏珊:Howdidtheyliftthosehugeblockstomakesuchatallstructure?•那建金字塔的时候.人们怎么往上运这些石头呢?•贾斯汀:Rampswerebuiltandextendedaroundthepyramidandusedastheroadtodraguptheblocks.Whenthepyramidwasdone,theytooktherampsaway.Susan,doyouknowwhobuiltthepyramid?•金字塔周围修建了一些斜坡.人们顺着坡道把巨石拖上去.随着金字塔高度的增加.斜坡也越来越长.等金字塔建好了.再把坡道拆掉.苏珊.你知道金字塔是谁建的吗?•苏珊:I`veheardthatthepyramidswerebuiltbythepharaoh`sslaves.•我听说是法老的奴隶建的.•贾斯汀:Itisn`treallycorrect.Thepyramidswerebuiltbyskilledworkers,andtheunemployedfarmersalsocametoworkduringthefloodseason.•不是的.其实是技艺熟练的工人们建的.发大水时.农民们无事可做.也会加入到建金字塔的大军中.•苏珊:Weretheyforcedtobuildthepyramid?•这些工人和农民是被法老抓去做苦力的吗?•贾斯汀:Somehistorybookssaidtheywere,butresearchsaysNo.ItwasconsideredareligiousdutybecausethepeoplebelievedthatthepharaohwasSunGodlivingonearth.Ifhiscorpsewasnotpreserved,thepharaohcouldnotenjoylifeafterdeath.•原来有些历史书上说他们是被抓去的.但后来的研究表明她们是自愿的.古埃及人相信法老是人世间的太阳神.一旦没有保存好法老的遗体.法老死后就不能享受来世.所以他们把建金字塔看成是自己的责任.•苏珊:Oh,sopeoplewerenotforcedtobuildthepyramid!•哦.原来人们不是被迫修建金字塔的.•贾斯汀:Infacttheywereproudtodothework.•事实上.很多人还以此为傲呢!•苏珊:Soundsinteresting!•真有意思!•法老们的初衷是为自己建造豪华的陵墓，而最终他们创建的却是昭示人类潜能的纪念碑。金字塔蕴含着一种共同的信息，金字塔属于埃及，但它也属于世界。因此我们完全可以把金字塔作为展示人类伟大文明的早期纪念物。•Theoriginalpurposeofpharaoh['fεərəu]maybehavesetupamagnificenttombsforthemselves,butintheend,theycreatedthemonumentstohumanpotential.There'sauniversalmessageinthepyramids.NotonlythepyramidsbelongtoEgypt,butalsobelongtotheworld.That'swhywecanidentifythepyramidsasanearlymonumentofhumangreatnessa.