名词名词可数名词不可数名词可数名词:可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式如map→maps,boy→boys,horse→horses不可数名词:不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an。抽象名词,物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词如water,milk名词单数变复数What’sthisinEnglish?It’sanapple.Whatarethese?Theyaretwoapples.--Whatarethese?--What’sthis?--It’sapen.--Theyarepens.backpackswatchesorangespens--What’rethese?--They’re….1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。carbackpackcarsbackpacksbookbooks1.busbusesfoxesfox(狐狸)dish(盘子)dishes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,应改y为i,再加-es。familyfamiliescomediescomedy(喜剧)yyld3.4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。boyboysdaydaysoayy4.keycitiesstrawberrieskeyscity(城市)strawberry(草莓)5.以f或fe结尾的名词,先将f或fe变成v,再加-es构成复数形式。knifekniveshalfhalves“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和“树叶”(leaf)把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。5.wivesleaveswolveswife(妻子)leaf(树叶)wolf(狼)roof(屋顶)roofsroof“小偷”(thief)的“妻子”(wife)用“刀子”(knife)和“树叶”(leaf)把“狼”(wolf)劈成两“半”(half)。巧记:6.以o结尾的名词,有的加-s,有的加-es构成复数形式。photophotosheroestomatoeszooszoo(动物园)tomato(西红柿)hero(英雄)6.以o结尾的名词,表示无生命事物的名词,词尾加-s,表示有生命事物的名词,词尾加-es。加-es的名词有:potato,tomato,hero巧记:英雄爱吃土豆番茄名词单数变复数后s/es的读音1.在清辅音后读/s/2.在元音和浊辅音后读/z/3.在/s//z//∫////t//d/后读/iz/4.在/t/后读/ts/,在/d/后读/dz/∫desksmapsbrotherspensclasses,watches,orangescats,friends不规则变化A.元音发生变化。如:man---men,woman---women,foot---feet,tooth---teeth,mouse---miceB.词尾发生变化。如:child---childrenC.单、复数同形。如:fish---fish,Japanese---Japanese,Chinese---Chinese,sheep---sheeppendeskkeyboxknifecardorangeboyfriendparentmotherfathersisterbrothersondaughtercousinfamilychildmanpencilcasesheepssssesknivessssssssssssfamilieschildrenmenssheep句子单数变复数1.Thisisabook.2.Thatisaneraser.3.Itisaredapple.4.Iamaboy.5.He/Sheisateacher.6.What’sthis?Thesearebooks.Thoseareerasers.Theyareredapples.Weareboys.Theyareteachers.What’rethese?this–that–I–you–he/she/it–am/is–thesethoseweyoutheyare单数复数