2011年高考英语第一轮知识点梳理复习40

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Book8Unit1Alandofdiversity基础落实Ⅰ.高频单词思忆1.Hehastwentyheadof(牛)onhisfarm.2.Hehassixpiecesof(行李).3.(显然),shehaslostinterestinphysics.4.Shehadthe(不同)ofbeingthefirstwomantoswimtheChannel.cattleluggageApparentlydistinction5.Please(投入)acoinin/intotheslot.6.We’dbetterhacarfortheweekend.7.Thoseawhowanttogetthejobarerequiredtopresenttheirresumethismonth.8.Thehealthaareinvestigatingtheproblem.9.Researchithateatinghabitsarechangingfast.10.Theyfailedtogtheimportanceofhiswords.insertirepplicantsuthoritiesndicatesraspⅡ.重点短语再现1.用……方法;借助……2.坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)3.与某人合作或一起工作4.包括;吸收5.继续存在6.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等7.申请;请示得到8.背靠背9.划线;标出……界线10.许多bymeansof...keepupteamupwithsb.takeinliveonmakealifeapplyforbacktobackmarkoutagreatmanyⅢ.典型句式运用1.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而,土著美国人很可能在一万五千年前就在加州生活着。(1)是指从外表、迹像上进行判断,有可能发生。possible指客观上有可能,但往往含有希望很小的意味。的可能性比possible大,表示“很可能,十有八九”。考点提炼likelyprobable(2)likely作主语,常用句型是:。(3)possible和probable都不能以人作主语,常用句型有:___________________________________或;probable只能用句型。既可以用人也可以用物Itislikelythat...或sb./sth.islikelyto...Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.Itispossiblethat...Itisprobablethat...2.Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.两百年后,西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国所在的西北沿海。(1)此句中的of后面所引导的是一个_________。在英语中介词一般是不能带宾语从句的,但对于个别例外的词来讲,是可以自带从句作宾语的。考点提炼宾语从句(2)what此时用作,可以用来引导、或。注意what的用法:当主句和从句同时缺少主语、宾语或表语时才可以用what。what也可以相当于定语从句的“”。连接代词主语从句宾语从句表语从句先行词+引导词3.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们认为这种多国籍的融合是如此巨大以致于不久就不会有主要的种族或文化团体,而只是多元文化的融合。(1)Itissaid/believed/thought/supposed/guessed/feared/reported/hoped/expected/concluded/announced/arrangedthat后接构成常用句型,此时,it是。考点提炼主语从句形式主语(2)“Itis+过去分词+that-clause”句式可以简化为:主语+be+过去分词+,且的时态和语态与原that从句保持一致。4.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,attractedbytheclimateandthelifestyle,stillimmigratetoCalifornia.被这里气候和生活方式所吸引的来自世界各地的人们也移民到了加利福尼亚。句中的是过去分词短语作定语修饰前面的名词。句子的是immigrate。考点提炼不定式不定式attractedbytheclimateandthelifestylepeople谓语导练互动重点单词1.meansScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.(回归课本P2)观察思考Everymeanshasbeentried.每种方法都试过了。Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.所有可行的方法都试过了。Thisplanmustbeputintopracticebyallmeans.这个计划必须付诸实施。Canyousolvetheproblembythismeans?归纳总结means表示“”,其单复数同形。当means作主语且有等词修饰时谓语动词用单数;有some,several,many,few等词修饰时谓语动词用。means一般用于以下搭配:byallmeans尽一切办法;一定;务必;(表示答应)当然可以byanymeans无论如何bymeansof用,依靠bynomeans决不;并没有bythismeans用这种方法方法,方式,手段every,each复数即学即用(1)Todayanairshipisusedas(一种广告工具).(2)Theburglarsenteredthehouse(用)aladder.(3)(绝不)isthisthefirsttimeyouhavebeenlate.ameansofadvertisingbymeansofBynomeans2.majorityOfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,...(回归课本P2)观察思考Themajorityis/aredoinghis/theirbest.大多数人都尽心尽力。Themajorityofmyfriendshavegoneabroad.我的大多数朋友都出国了。Amajorityofworkersnowworkfivedaysaweek.现在多数工厂每周工作五天。归纳总结majority_____________。(1)majority为可数名词,指可数的概念,不指量(amount)。themajority作主语时,如果泛指多数,谓语动词用单复数形式皆可。(2)themajorityof+名词,表示“多数”,其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。(3)majority常由great修饰。(4)majority的反义词是minority,意为“少数,少数派,少数票,少数人”,复数形式是minorities,意为“少数民族”。n.大多数;大半(5)inthe/amajority占大多数getamajority获得多数票haveamajorityoversb.获得多于某人的票数,战胜某人agreatmajority大多数by/withamajorityof以大多数……赢得……即学即用(1)他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。Hewontheseatwith.(2)她在董事会以110的多数票当选为公司董事长。Shewaschosenasthepresidentofthecompany110intheboard.(3)多数人喜欢电脑胜过电视。seemtoprefercomputertoTV.(4)多数人赞成这个建议。Themajoritytheproposal.amajorityof71votesbyamajorityofThemajorityofpeoplewas/wereinfavourof3.occurYes.Itdidn’toccurtomethat...(回归课本P5)观察思考AtthebeginningofJuneaneventoccurred.六月初发生了一件事。Itoccurredtometovisitmyparents.我突然想去探望父母。Thatsounddoesnotoccurinmylanguage.我的语言里不存在那个音。归纳总结occur_______________。occurtosb.发生在某人身上Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想起做某事sth.occurstosb.sth.strikessb.sth.comestosb.Itoccurstosb.that-clauseItstrikessb.that-clausevi.发生;出现;存在某人突然想起……即学即用(1)事故发生在五点钟。(2)她突然想到她可能会收养一个无家可归的孩子。(3)同一个主题在她的许多作品中都有。Theaccidentoccurredatfiveo’clock.Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.Thesamethemeoccursinmanyofherworks.4.percentageToday,Chinese-AmericansliveinallpartsofCalifornia,althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe“Chinatowns”ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.(回归课本P2)观察思考Ahighpercentageofthecollegestudentshaveparttimejobsathomeandabroad.不管是在国内还是在国外,大多数的大学生一边学习一边打工。Whatpercentageofhisincomeispaidinincometax?他收入的百分之几拿去交个人所得税?Agood/great/large/heavypercentageofschoolbooksnowhavepictures.现在大多数教科书有插图。归纳总结percentage____________________________。(1)percentage前不用具体的数字修饰,但可以被high,low等形容词修饰。(2)percent百分之……,相当于“%”,其前面往往用具体数字修饰。(3)“apercentageof+n.”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数形式而定。n.百分比;百分率;部分;某一比例即学即用(1)(失业人口的比例)keepsrisingintherecentfinancialcrisis.(2)(大部分)thehotel’sincome___(be)fromthevisitorstothelakenearby.TheunemploymentpercentageAlargepercentageofis重点短语与句型5.makealifeSomediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespi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