43主谓一致

主谓一致熟读深思MyseatmateJames,whoseparentshavebeenteaching［1］EnglishinGuangzhoufortenyears,comes［2］fromtheUnitedStates,whichis［3］oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparentsenjoys［4］livinginGuangzhoubecauseneitherJamesnorhisparentsfind［5］itdifficulttoadapttothelifeinChina.Intheiropinion,manyacustomhereis［6］easytounderstandandtenyearsis［7］enoughforthemtogetusedtoallthecustoms.I,togetherwithJames,extremelylike［8］Englishbutphysicsseems［9］ratherdifficultforus.Besides,bothheandIare［10］veryfondofreadingstorybooks,andtheArabianNightsis［11］oneofthemostinterestingbooksthathavebeenread［12］byus.Ourclassis［13］unitedasabigfamily.Nowtheclassare［14］preparingforthecomingsportsmeet,solargequantitiesofourrecenttimehavebeenspent［15］onit.Whatweneedis［16］aqualifiedcoachbecausebeingtrainedproperlyis［17］ofgreatimportance.Weeachareallawarethateachofusplays［18］animportantroleinourclass.Wehavedecidedtoholdacelebrationifgettingagoodresultbutwhenandwherewearegoingtoholdithasn’tbeendecided.［19］1.2.3.意义一致原则，若主语形式上为复数，而意义上是单数，动词要用单数。本句中的theUnitedStates虽然形式上是复数，但指的是一个国家，替代它的which4.语法一致原则，“Aaswellas/togetherwith/withB”结构在主语位置时，主语是A，因此，谓语动词与A熟思深思5.就近原则，由or，either…or，nor，neither…nor，notonly…butalso，not…but连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，谓语动词的单、复6.语法一致原则，manya(很多)/morethanone(不只一个)+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用7.意义一致原则，表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词做主语，通常看8.语法一致原则，主语后面接说明主语的修饰语togetherwith，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，9.意义一致原则，以-ics结尾表示学科的名词做主语，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词10.语法一致原则，当主语是both…and连接的并列结构，如果主语指的是两个或两11.意义一致原则，复数形式的专有名词（表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等）作主语，通常作为整体看12.语法一致原则，oneof+复数名词十定语从句”之前有theonly，thevery，the等限定词时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式,如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的13.意义一致原则，集体名词class如果作整14.意义一致原则，集体名词class如果作个别成员看待，谓语动词用复数形式。15.当“(large)quantitiesof+可数或不可数名词”16.当what引导主语从句，或由and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根17.语法一致原则，非谓语动词(ing形式、不定式)作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。18.当“each+of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语19.语法一致原则，从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。主谓一致与高考1.语法填空中所给动词作谓语时，要考虑主谓一致。2.短文改错中也常有主谓一致错误。1.Eitheryouortheheadmaster__(be)tohandouttheprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.谓语与theheadmaster一致，故be用第三人称单数is,“be+todo”表示安排好的事。is一、单句填空灵活运用2.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,____________(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.谓语与theteacher一致，又根据惯用句型结构was/weredoing...when...可知，用过去进行时态。wasvisiting3.Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrict___(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.谓语与theland一致，用单数。is4.Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,_____(work)intheclothingindustry.因alargenumberof(许多)短语作主语，谓语用复数；由nowadays可知，用一般现在时。work5.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______________(wash)awayeachyear.因quantitiesof作主语,谓语用复数；又需要用被动式，指近些年或近阶段正在发生的事，用现在进行时。arebeingwashed6.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_________(be)awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.谓语应与theonlyone一致，又由forthreeyears可知用完成时。7.Everypossiblemeans_____________(use)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.由every可知means是单数,由语境可知用完成时。havebeenusedhasbeen8.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_________________(not,decide)yet.不定式作主语，谓语用单数；由yet可知用完成时。9.Shehassetanewrecord,thatis,thesalesofherlatestbook_____________(reach)50million.主语是复数sales；又由前句的hasset可知用现在完成时态。hasnotbeendecidedhavereached10.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,___________(work)ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.主语ProfessorSmith是单数，又由语境可知用现在进行时。isworking11.He_______________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.在主格he后，pretend是谓语动词，又由与之并列的giving可知，是过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数，故填waspretending。waspretending12.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking.”Jane______________(inform).在主语Jane后的inform应是谓语动词，Jane与inform是被动关系，要用“be+过去分词”；由语境可知是一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，故wasinformed。wasinformedOurschoollibrary,alongwithmanyotherbuildings,isverydifferentfromotherschools’.There1_____(be)twocomputerrooms,threeartrooms,ameetingroomandareadingroominthelibrarybuilding.Thenumberofthebooks2___(be)large,andmaybethereare100,000booksinit.Itissaidthatallthebookscostourschool200,000dollars.Maybe200,000dollars3___(be)largetoeverystudent.areisis二、语篇填空Intheeraofknowledgeexplosion,thenumberofthestudentswho4_____(have)athirstforknowledgeisincreasingdaybyday.Nowadays,ourlibraryhasbeendevelopedintoamultifunctionalbuilding.Thereare50computersinit.Manyastudent5_____(like)tosurftheInternetatweekendshere,andnowyoucanseethatmyclassmates,MikeandJohn6__________(play)computergamesthere.havelikesareplayingWhenyouturntoanotherroom,youwillfindthataprofessorandwriter7________(deliver)aspeech.Eachboyandeachgirl8__________(focus)onhisinterestingspeech.Everytimethereisawonderfulspeech,theaudiencealways9________(cheer)up.Youareenteringourartexhibition.Ateacherwithhisstudentsisattheroom.Onthewall10___(be)100pictures,whichattractmanystudents.Anexpertandteacherisexplainingsomethingimportanttous.isdeliveringisfocusingcheer/cheersare本文主要介绍了学校图书楼的功能室以及学生周末在里面的活动情况1.are因therebe……句型中be动词常与离其最近2.is主语是thenumberof+名词的复数时，谓语3.is时间、金钱、距离，重量等的复数当一个整4.have关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数5.likes因manya+名词作主语时，尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也用单6.areplaying两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓7.isdelivering当and连接的两个名词是指同一人时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。“aprofessorandwriter”8.isfocusing用and连接的单数主语，前面有each,every,no等修饰时,谓语