动词ing形式作状语知识讲解及练习

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动词—ing形式作状语知识讲解•Myhobbyisplayingbasketball.•Theboyplayingbasketballontheplaygroundisourmonitor.•IsawhimplayingbasketballwhenIpassedtheplayground.•Theglassfelltotheground.Itbrokeintopieces.=•Theglassfelltotheground,____.动词的—ing形式作状语时,通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相应的状语从句。一、表示时间(置于句首或句末)-ing形式作状语,其动作可能发生在谓语动作之前或之后,也可能和谓语动词的动作同时发生。例如:1.Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.=Whentheyheardthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.2.Seeingitsmother,thebabysmiled.=Whenthebabysawitsmother,itsmiled.注:为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生,在-ing形式之前可用连词when或while.如:Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.另外:-ing形式的完成式havingdone表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,一般作时间或原因状语。例如:Havingfinishedthehomework,shewentshopping二、表示原因(多置于句首)例如:1.Beingill(=),hewenthome.2.Nothavingreceivedanynewsfromhomeforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.3.Hopingtogetoursupport(=Astheyhopedtogetoursupport),theysentustheirstatement.Ashewasill(=Asshehasn’treceivedanynewsfromhomeforalongtime,sheis…)三、表示条件(多置于句首)例如:1.Workinghard(=Ifyouworkhard),youwillsucceed.1.Thesnowlastedaweek,leadingtoaserioustrafficjaminthewholearea.四、表示结果(多置于句末)例如:=Thesnowlastedaweek,soitledtoaserioustrafficjaminthewholearea.2.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.五、表示方式和伴随(多置于句末)-ing形式作方式状语或伴随状语,用来对谓语动词表示的动作或状态加以说明。一般来说,-ing形式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。它没有相应的状语从句可以代替。例如:1.Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.=Shewassittingatthedeskandreadanewspaper.2.Manypeoplecometotheparks,lookingforrelaxationsandentertainment.3.AsecondDisneylandwasopenedontheeastcoast,costingbetween$500and$600million.4.Theywalkedonthewayhome,singingandlaughing.1、Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,__alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added3、Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake4、___upathisfather,heaskedwhatwasthematterwithhim.A.HavinglookedB.LookingC.TolookD.Look5、_____fromhisclothes,heisnotsopoor.A.JudgedB.JudgingC.TojudgeD.Judge6、_____suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleantheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered-ing形式作状语考点及应对方法-ing形式作状语是高考经常考查的考点,其热点考查内容如下:一、考查-ing形式作状语的类型[考点说明]-ing形式常作时间、原因、结果、或伴随状语,可放句首或句末。[典型例题]1.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake析:分析语境逻辑可知该空应填making作状语,空档前面的逗号是个验证。2.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing析:语境逻辑表明为董事长准备一篇长篇讲稿是秘书工作到深夜的伴随性状况,所以应选B作伴随状语。[方法揭秘]分析语境逻辑,弄清空格是否作时间、原因或伴随状语,从而确定空格的非谓语性质;分析动作是主动还是被动,从而确定空格的-ing形式的语态;空格设置在句子后半部时逗号是一个重要的提示。二、考查-ing形式作状语与逻辑主语间的关系[考点说明]-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语,此时应注意人称、时态、和语态的一致性。[例题]1.Findinghercarstolen,____.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp2.___hiskey,hecouldn’tentertheroom.A.HavinglostB.LosingC.TolossD.Lost析:分析语境逻辑可知丢钥匙动作应发生在进房间的动作之前,所以该空应选A。本题说明-ing形式作状语时应注意时态的一致性。三、考查-ing形式作状语的创新形式[考点说明]名词、代词+-ing形式可构成独立主格结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语,此时-ing形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。(一)-ing形式独立主格结构作状语[典型例题]1.Themoon_______,wecametothefootofthemountain.A.appearedB.appearsC.appearing析:C。该句意为:月亮出来时,我们在山脚下。Appearing和themoon构成独立主格结构作时间状语。2.Weather_____,we’llgoswimmingthisafternoon.A.permittingB.permitC.permittedD.Topermit析:A。该句意为:如果天气允许,我们今天下午去游泳。permitting与其逻辑主语weather构成独立主格结构作条件状语。[方法揭秘]解题时应牢记-ing形式独立主格结构作状语与-ing形式作状语用法完全相同,只不过独立主格结构中-ing形式逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。而-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语。(二)考查when/while+-ing形式作时间状语[考点说明]when/while+-ing形式可作时间状语,谓语动词动作常发生在-ing形式所表示的动作的过程中。例如:___ridingabikehefelldowntotheground.A.AsB.WhileC.AssoonasD.Immediately析:B。分析语境逻辑可知跌到在地的动作发生在骑自行车的过程中,因此应用While(三)考查on/upon+-ing形式作时间状语[考点说明]on/upon+-ing形式作时间状语,-ing形式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。[典型例题]___myarrivinginBeijing,I’llwritetoyou.A.InB.AtC.OnD.With析:C.语境逻辑制约该空表“一…就…”应填On[方法揭秘]分析ing形式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作是否同时发生从而确定前面是否加on高考链接:1.Night___,wehurriedhome.A.fallsB.fallC.fellD.falling命题目的:本题考查分词用法。深度讲解:分词做状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,否则就必须在分词的前面另加分词的主语(名词或主格代词),这种结构叫独立主格结构。其作用相当于状语从句:Asnightfell,wehurriedhome.也可用并列句表示:Nightfell,sowehurriedhome.2.Nobody___anymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.A.havingB.haveC.hadD.has3._____,Maryhadtoaskforleavetotendher.A.HermotherwasillB.HermothertobeillC.HermotherbeingillD.Hermotherbeill4.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowing5.Thetrainerstoodthere,____bytheboys.A.surroundedB.surroundingC.tobesurroundedD.beingsurrounding6.LastnightIfollowedhimhere,andclimbedin_____.A.withaswordinmyhandB.aswordinmyhandC.aswordinmyhandD.withswordinthehand

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