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Fromdreamtoreality：thedevelopmentofrobotReporter：SongMeiyingThepurposeofcreatingrobotsThousandsofyearshumanareburdenedbyheavylabor.Ifmachinecanfollowhuman'sinstructions,helpmankindtorelievehumanlabor,itwillgreatlyimprovetheproductionefficiency。ThehistoryofrobotsThethirdstage-Intelligentroboticsdevelopment(1984-？)In1999,SonydemonstratedtheIntelligentroboticsAIBOIn2002,iRobotcompanylaunchedavacuumcleaner(吸尘器）robotRoombaIn2006，MicrosoftintroducedMicrosoftRoboticsStudio（微软机器人工作室）ThedevelopmentofrobotThefirststage——TheoreticalDevelopment(1920-1948)In1920，Czechoslovak（捷克斯洛伐克）WritersKarelCapek（恰佩克卡雷尔）“LuoSamu‘suniversalrobot”wasfirstmentionedinRobota(Czech“drudgery,servitude”苦差事，奴役)，createa“robot”istheword.In1942，AmericansciencefictionwriterAsimov（阿西莫夫）putforwardtheThreeLawsofRobotics.。In1948，RobertWiener（罗伯特·维纳)publishedCybernetics,Offeredtothecomputerasthecoreofautomatedfactory.发表“控制论”,提出以计算机为核心的自动化工厂。Inourcountry,theEasternHanDynastyzhanghenginventedthesouth,theThreeKingdomsPeriod,zhugeliangcreatedMuNiuLiuMa...Strictlyspeaking,thisisnotamodernsenseoftherobot,buttheyexpressedthehumanyearningforrobotsandexplore.ThedevelopmentofrobotThedevelopmentofrobotsThreeLawsofRoboticsThefirstruleRobotmaynotinjureahuman,orsitbackanddonothinghurthumans;机器人不得伤害人类,或在人类受到伤害时袖手旁观ThesecondruleUnlesscontrarytothefirstrule,therobotmustobeyhumanorders;在不违反第一定律的前提下,机器人必须绝对服从人类的命令ThethirdruleWithoutprejudicetothefirstandsecondlaw,therobotmustprotectthemselves.在不违背第一和第二定律的前提下,机器人必须尽力保护自己。Willrobotcapturethehumanbeing?ThedevelopmentofrobotThefirststage-Theoreticaldevelopment(1954-1959)In1954，AmericanGeorgeDvol（乔治·德沃尔）createtheworld'sfirstprogrammablerobot,（可编程机器人）andregisteredpatents.In1959，DvolandAmericaninverntorJosephF•Engelberger（英格伯格）inverntthefirstindustrialrobot（工业机器人）andfoundarobotcopany-Unimation..industrialrobotThedevelopmentofrobotThesecondstage-Technologydevelopment(1962-1978)In1962-1963，Applicationofsensors（传感器）toimprovetheoperabilityoftherobot.In1965，JohnsHopkinsUniversity(约翰霍普金斯大学)AppliedPhysicsLaboratorydevelopedtheBeastrobot.In1969，Japan’sWasedaUniversity（早稻田大学）developedthefirstrobottowalkwithitsfeet.In1978，UnimationcompanydevelopedindustrialrobotPUMAwhichmeanstheindustrialrobottechnologyhasfullymatured.Cornell”iswalkingforwardThedevelopmentofrobotThethirdstage-Intelligentroboticsdevelopment(1984-)In1997,Honda(本田汽车公司）demonstratedtheIntelligentroboticsASIMO.ClassificationofrobotAccordingtothepurposeofrobotCivilianorServicerobot:helppeoplelivebetterIndustrialrobot:increasetheefficientofmanufactureAgriculturalrobot：picking,weeding,fertilizing,etcmilitaryrobot:avoiddeath，fighting，searchUnderwaterrobot：diving，UnderwaterdetectionMedicalrobot：engagedinthemedicalorauxiliarymedical………ClassificationofrobotCivilianorServicerobot-helpusdojobineverydaylife,improvethequalityoflife.domesticvacuumcleanerAtoyfortoday’schildAnandroid,orrobotdesignedtoresembleahuman,canappearcomfortingtosomepeopleClassificationofrobotsIndustrialrobot-canrelievehumanlabor,increasetheefficientofmanufacturetheManipulator&MachinehandTocarryandmanufacturethecar.FerrariproductionequipmentcarrierrobotholdLamborghiniintheproductionline.Asetofsix-axisrobotsusedforwelding(焊接）Classificationofrobotsmilitaryrobot:—militaryrobothelpthearmytoavoiddeathinbattleandbeattheenemyefficiently.GladiatorTacticalUnmannedGroundVehicleatRedstoneArsenalMQ-1LPredatorUAV(UnmannedAerialVehicle)armedwithAGM-114Hellfiremissiles(导弹）TheArmed（武装的）RoboticVehiclevariant（变种）oftheMULEmilitaryrobotThissmalltacticalrobotnamedSUGVs,itisasmallunmannedgroundinstallations,assemblingcameras,audiodevicesandothersensorsonthebattlefieldcanbefoundinreal-timeremoteexplosivedevice(IED),andrelatedpublicsafetythethreat.Itcancrawlintothestairs,androllitdifficulttoenterintothehumanordangerousareas.SUGVs小型战术机器人,小型无人地面装置,它装配有相机，音响设备和其他传感器，在战场上可被用于实时远程爆炸(简易爆炸装置),以及相关的公共安全威胁。它可以爬上楼梯,进入人类很难进入的或危险的区域。Medicalrobot-engagedinthemedicalorauxiliarymedicalMedicalnanoscalerobotMedicalnanoscalerobotsiscurrentlyinthepilotphase,bigtoafewmillimeterslong,smalltoafewmicronsindiameter;Butcertainly,thenextfewyears,nanoscalerobotswillleadtoarevolutioninmedicine.Manyengineers,scientistsanddoctorsthink,medicalnanoscalerobotshaveunlimitedpotential-andoneofthemostlikelyinclude:treatmentofatherosclerosis,anti-cancer,removebloodclot,cleanthewound,helpbloodcoagulation,dispelparasites,treatgout,crushingkidneystones,artificialinseminationandthecellactivationenergy,makethepersonnotonlykeephealthy,andprolonglife.医用纳米机器人目前还处在试验阶段，大到长几毫米，小到直径几微米；但可以肯定的是，未来几年内，纳米机器人将会带来一场医学革命。许多工程师、科学家和医生都认为，医用纳米机器人有着无限的潜力——而其中最有可能的包括：治疗动脉粥样硬化、抗癌、去除血块、清洁伤口、帮助凝血、祛除寄生虫、治疗痛风、粉碎肾结石、人工授精以及激活细胞能量，使人不仅保持健康，而且延长寿命。ThefuturevisionFiguredescribedintheisananoscalerobotsisgoingintotheredbloodcells图中描述的是一个纳米机器人正在进入红细胞MedicalnanoscalerobotFigureisdescribedinthenanoscalerobotsarelookingforinvasionofthevirus图中描述的是纳米机器人正在寻找入侵的病毒Thedevelopmentofrobotputforwardproblemstoscienceandtechnology,thesolutionoftheproblemsalsowillgreatlypromotetheprogressoftherobot.Robotswillmaketheworldmore