同位语从句语法与训练

Grammar一.指出下例句子划线部分是什么句`子成份。1.ThereisgoingtobeaChinesefilmtonight.2.SheistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.主语谓语3.Herwishistobecomeateacher.()4.He,mybrother,managedtofinishtheworkintime.()5.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.()表语同位语状语6.WefounditimportanttolearnEnglish.()7.Doyouhaveanythingelsetowash?()8.Tobehonest,yourwritingisn’tsogood.()形式宾语定语插入语9.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourname?()10.Theynoticedamanentertheroom.()间接宾语、直接宾语宾语补足语语法精解(一)1.同位语theAppositive同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.(2)代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.(3)数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.(4)从句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。(5)由suchas,thatis,inotherwords等引导Somesubjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。(6)由of引导ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000.自从2000年以来,北京市发生了很大的变化。(7)由or引导Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。(8)特殊同谓语（不定式和ving形式做同谓语）Isthisyourpurpose,toavoidbeingpunished?Heisgettingajobtonightdrivingatruck.Thefirstplan,attackingatnight,wasturneddown.注意：同谓语并不影响其后句子谓语动词的数Thestudentseachhaveadictionary.1.Myperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn’treachtherequiredstandard,___,Ifailed.A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime二.单项填空。C2.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,___Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.whatB2.同位语从句theAppositiveclause(1)同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。语法精解(二)它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等抽象名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连接词：that,whether,,连接代词：whatwhowhom等连接副词：how,when,where,why等。e.g.Thehope_____hemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblem_________weshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoidea_________hewillcomeback.thatwhetherwhen1.同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：注意:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.2.名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request,proposal等后的同谓语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用（should)+do.Ourteachergaveussomerequestthatwe(shoud)studyhard.3.名词doubt后的同谓语从句用whether引导，nodoubt后用that引导。Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.同位语从句与定语从句的区别注意同谓语从句定语从句功能不同解释说明名词表示的具体内容说明名词的性质，特征，来源等that不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略作主语，宾语或表语，起连接作用，并且作从句的宾语时可省略whether起连接作用，其中whether在从句中不做用成分，表“是否”之意，how在从句中用状语成份，what在从句上做主语，宾语，表语成份。不引导定语从句how/what同位语从句与定语从句的区别注意同谓语从句定语从句who做成份，who做主要成份，when,where,why在从句中做次要成份即做状语成分做成份，who做主要成份，when,where,why在从句中做次要成份即做状语成分，并且与先行词有一定的关系whenwherewhyThenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.(同位语从句)Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.(定语从句)WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.(同位语从句)Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.(定语从句)2.同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子,谓语动词用be的不同形式。Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以变为一个表语从句:Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.1.Wedon’tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore.我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。(宾语从句)翻译句子,并说明这个名词性从句的作用。2.ItiscertainthatJohnwilldowellinhisexam.约翰肯定会考好。(主语从句)3.Whethertheyarecomingornotdon’tmattertoomuch.他们来不来无关紧要。(主语从句)4.Nowiswhenweneedhimmost.现在是我们最需要他的时候。(表语从句)5.Ihavenoideahowshegotthroughtheforest.我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。(同位语从句)6.Thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy.他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。(同位语从句)用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。7.Ican’tdecide_____bookIshouldbuy.8.Chinaisnolonger____itusedtobe.9.Iamveryinterestedin____heimprovedhisEnglishinsuchashorttime.10.____weneedismoremoney.whichwhathowWhat11.Thetruth___theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous.12._____and_____wewillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.thatWhenwhere指出划线部分是什么从句。20.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupthreecountriesisknowntous.21.Thecontinentthatconsistsoftwocountriesisdevelopingveryfast.(同位语从句)(定语从句)22.Thenewsthattheplanewilltakeoffontimemakeseverybodyhappy.23.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundthecountryisthataheavystormiscoming.(同位语从句)(定语从句,表语从句)24.Thesuggestionthatweshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.(同位语从句)25.Oneofthemheldtheview__thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatD.whether单项选择26.Thereason___hehastogois___hismotherisillinbed.A,why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because27.Theyreceivedorders___theworkbedonerightaway.A.whichB.thatC./D.when28.Ihavenoidea_______.A.howtodoB.whenshallwestartoutforthetripC.whathashappenedtomywifeD.howmuchhavetheyearned29.Ithink___certainthatshewilldowellinherexam.A.thatB.thisisC.itD.what’s30.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where31.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation__hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.why32.That’stheonlything___hecandonowA.whichB.allC.thatD.what33.Informationhasbeenputforward___moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as34.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise___hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether35.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars____roadconditionsneed____.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving36.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChris