多媒体技术chapter-1-Introduction-to-Multimedia

2020/2/181Chapter1IntroductiontoMultimedia1.1WhatisMultimedia?1.2MultimediaandHypermedia1.3WorldWideWeb1.4OverviewofMultimediaSoftwareTools1.5教材及参考书2020/2/1821.1WhatisMultimedia?Whendifferentpeoplementionthetermmultimedia,theyoftenhavequitedifferent,orevenopposing,viewpoints.APCvendor:Aconsumerentertainmentvendor:AComputerScience(CS)student:MultimediaandComputerScience:Graphics,HCI,visualization,computervision,datacompression,graphtheory,networking,databasesystems.2020/2/1831.1WhatisMultimedia?Multi-:many;much;multipleMedium:Aninterveningsubstancethroughwhichsomethingistransmittedorcarriedon;Ameansofmasscommunicationsuchasnewspaper,magazine,ortelevision2020/2/1841.1WhatisMultimedia?TheperceptionmediumseeingorhearingTherepresentationmediumtextcharacterGraphicsaudiostream——representedusingasimplePCMimagecombinedaudio/videosequence2020/2/1851.1WhatisMultimedia?Thepresentationmediumoutputmedia:paper,screenandspeakerinputmedia:keyboard,mouse,cameraandmicrophoneThestoragemediumMicrofilm(缩微胶片),floppydisk,harddisk,andCD-ROMThetransmissionmediuminformationistransmittedovernetworks:coaxialcable,fiberoptics,freeairspace2020/2/186WhatisMultimediasystem?Amultimediasystemischaracterizedbycomputer-controlled,integratedproduction,manipulation,presentation,storageandcommunicationofindependentinformation,whichisencodedatleastthroughacontinuous(time-dependent)andadiscrete(time-independent)medium.[媒体系统的特征是：用计算机对一些独立的信息进行一体化的制作、处理、表现、存储和通信，这些信息必须至少通过一种连续(时间有关)媒体和一种离散(时间无关)媒体进行编码。]2020/2/187多媒体计算机(Multimediacomputer)的定义是：计算机综合处理多种媒体信息，包括文本、图形、图像、音频和视频，使多种信息建立逻辑连接，集成为一个系统并具有交互性。简单地说：计算机综合处理声、文、图信息；时基媒体；集成性；交互性。2020/2/188Exercise1.请根据多媒体的特性判断以下哪些属于多媒体的范畴?(1)交互式视频游戏(2)有声图书(3)彩色画报(4)立体声音乐(A)(1)(B)(1)、(2)(C)(1)、(2)、(3)(D)全部2020/2/189ComponentsofMultimediaMultimediainvolvesmultiplemodalitiesoftext,audio,images,drawings,animation,andvideo.Examplesofhowthesemodalitiesareputtouse:1.Videoteleconferencing.2.Distributedlecturesforhighereducation.3.Tele-medicine.4.Co-operativeworkenvironments.5.Searchingin(very)largevideoandimagedatabasesfortargetvisualobjects.6.Augmentedreality:placingreal-appearingcomputergraphicsandvideoobjectsintoscenes.2020/2/1810ComponentsofMultimedia7.Includingaudiocuesforwherevideo-conferenceparticipantsarelocated.8.Buildingsearchablefeaturesintonewvideo,andenablingveryhigh-toverylow-bit-rateuseofnew,scalablemultimediaproducts.9.Makingmultimediacomponentseditable.10.Buildinginverse-Hollywoodapplicationsthatcanrecreatetheprocessbywhichavideowasmade.11.Usingvoice-recognitiontobuildaninteractiveenvironment,sayakitchen-wallwebbrowser.2020/2/1811MultimediaResearchTopicsandProjectsTothecomputerscienceresearcher,multimediaconsistsofawidevarietyoftopics:1.Multimediaprocessingandcoding:2.Multimediasystemsupportandnetworking:3.Multimediatools,end-systemsandapplications:4.Multi-modalinteractionandintegration:2020/2/18121.2MultimediaandHypermediaHistoryofMultimedia:1.Newspaper:text,graphics,andimages.2.Motionpictures:conceivedofin1830's3.Wirelessradiotransmission:Italy,in1895.4.Television:thenewmediumforthe20thcentury5.Theconnectionbetweencomputersandideasaboutmultimediacoverswhatisactuallyonlyashortperiod:2020/2/18131945VannevarBushwrotealandmarkarticledescribingwhatamountstoahypermediasystemcalledMemex.1960TedNelsoncoinedthetermhypertext.1967NicholasformedtheArchitectureMachineGroup.1969NelsonandvanDamatBrownUniversitycreatedanearlyhypertexteditorcalledFRESS.1.2.1HistoryofMultimedia2020/2/18141.2.1HistoryofMultimedia1976TheMITArchitectureMachineGroupproposedaprojectentitledMultipleMedia1985NegroponteandWiesnerco-foundedtheMITMediaLab.1989TimBerners-LeeproposedtheWorldWideWeb1990KristinaHooperWoolseyheadedtheAppleMultimediaLab.2020/2/1815HistoryofMultimedia1991MPEG-1wasapprovedasaninternationalstandardfordigitalVideo1991TheintroductionofPDAs1992JPEGwasacceptedastheinternationalstandardfordigitalimagecompression1992ThefirstMBoneaudiomulticastontheNetwasmade.2020/2/1816HistoryofMultimedia1993TheUniversityofIllinoisNationalCenterforSupercomputingApplicationsproducedNCSAMosaic----thefirstfull-fledgedbrowser.1994JimClarkandMarcAndreessencreatedtheNetscapeprogram.1995TheJAVAlanguagewascreatedforplatform-independentapplicationdevelopment.1996DVDvideowasintroduced;2020/2/1817HistoryofMultimedia1998XML1.0wasannouncedasaW3CRecommendation.1998Hand-heldMP3devicesfirstmadeinroadsintoconsumeristtastes2000:meanttobereadnonlinearly,byfollowinglinksthatpointtootherpartsofthedocument,ortootherdocuments(Fig.1.1)HyperMedia:notconstrainedtobetext-based,canincludeothermedia,e.g.,graphics,images,andespeciallythecontinuousmedia---soundandvideo.TheWorldWideWeb()---thebestexampleofahypermediaapplication.2020/2/18192020/2/18202020/2/18212020/2/18221.3WorldWideWebTheW3Chaslistedthefollowinggoalsforthe(byeveryoneeverywhere).2.Effectivenessofnavigatingavailableinformation.3.Responsibleuseofpostedma