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商务英语合同一般条款复习•一般条款•定义条款•合同转让条款•完整合同与修改•保证与担保条款•解除与终止条款•违约条款•争议解决条款•不可抗力条款•杂项条款•Generalclauses•DefinitionClauses•AssignmentClauses•EntireAgreement/Modificationtobeinwriting•IndemnificationandWarranty•RescissionandTermination•DefaultClauses•DisputeResolution•ForceMajeure•Miscellaneous一般条款之定义条款•AsusedinthisAgreement,anygendershallbeconstruedasincludingallothergendersandthesingularshallbeconstruedasincludingthepluralandthesingular,asthesenserequires.•本协议所用某一性别应解释为包含其他性别，单数应被理解包括复数，视句子需要复数包括单数。一般条款之定义条款•常用句型结构：•1.Shallbe（construedas）结构：•2.Shallmean或means结构：•3.Shallreferto•4.此外，也偶有直接使用is/are的情形：•被解释为•专有技术•合同产品•技术文件•替代、代替•construe•know-how•contractproduct•technicaldocuments•inlieuofSupplementarymaterial•Inlieuof:•一般出现在英文合同中表示“替代”•Inplaceof,insteadof•Exercise:•AcceptancemeanstheacceptancebytheBuyeroftheContractPlantwhichcertifiestheSupplier’sfulfillmentoftheContractinrespectofanyPerformanceTestrequiredthereunderinaccordancewithArticle25.3(Acceptance)hereof.•验收系指买方接受合同设备，证明供应商就本协议第25条第3款规定所要求的性能测试合格，完成合同履行。•1.NOASSIGNMENT.Neitherpartyshalltransferorassignanyrightsordelegateanyobligationshereunder,inwholeorinpart,whethervoluntarilyorbyoperationoflaw,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentoftheotherparty.Anypurportedtransfer,assignmentordelegationbyeitherpartywithouttheappropriatepriorwrittenapprovalshallbenullandvoidandofnoforceoreffect.Notwithstandingtheforegoing,withoutsecuringsuchpriorconsent,eachpartyshallhavetherighttoassignthisAgreementoranyofitsrightsorobligationstoanAffiliateprovidedthatsuchpartycontinuestobeliablefortheperformanceofitsobligationsandeitherpartyshallhavetherighttoassignthisAgreementandtheobligationshereundertoanysuccessorofsuchpartybywayofmergerorconsolidationortheacquisitionofsubstantiallyallofthebusinessandassetsoftheassigningpartyrelatingtotheAgreement.一般条款之合同转让条款不得转让•未经对方事先书面同意，无论自愿还是法律运用，任一方不得转让本合同项下任何权利或让渡任何义务。任何未经事先书面批准的任一方所企图的转让或让渡一概无效。尽管前述，未获得该事先同意，任一方应有权转让本合同或本合同的任何权利或义务给关联公司，但该方继续对其义务的履行承担责任并且任一方应有权通过实质兼并、合并或并购本协议关联的转让方的业务和资产的方式转让本协议或本协议项下的义务给其继受方。•转让权利•让渡义务•事先书面同意•无效、失效•尽管前述•有权做某事•兼并、并购、收购•assign…rights•delegate…obligations•priorwrittenconsent•Nullandvoid•notwithstandingtheforegoing•havetherighttodo•Merger,consolidationandacquisition•Exercise:•ThisAgreementmaynotbeassignedwithoutpriornoticebyeitherparty.Suchassignmentissubjecttothemutualconsentandapprovalofanysuchassignment.•未经事先书面通知，本协议不得转让。上述转让以双方同意和对任一转让的许可为准。一般条款之完整合同与修改•EntireAgreement•ThisAgreementwithExhibitsembodiestheentireagreementandunderstandingbetweenthepartiesheretoandsupersedesallprioragreementsandunderstandingsrelationtothesubjectmatterhereof.•本协议及其附件包含本协议双方间完整协议和磋商，取代以前所有与本协议标的有关的协议和磋商。•包含•取代•标的物•条款•最终协议•与…有关•有约束力的•embody•supersede•subjectmatter•termsandconditions•finalunderstanding•withrespectto•boundSupplementarymaterial•Withrespectto,inrespectof,inrespectthereof•表示与本合同/协议/条款有关的问题•此外，Pertainingto,pertainingthereto也表示“涉及，与….有关”。•Exercise：•ThisAgreement,includingallexhibitsandscheduleshereto,asamendedfromtimetotimeinaccordancewiththetermsofthisAgreement,containstheentireagreementbetweenthepartiesrelativetothesubjectmattershereof.ThisAgreementortheArticlesofOrganizationmayonlybeamendedormodifiedbyawritingexecutedanddeliveredbyMembersowningnotlessthanseventy-fivepercent(75%)oftheMembershipInterests,provided,however,thattheprovisioninParagraph3.1concerningappointmentandelectionofManagersshallnotbeamendedwithouttheconsentofthepersonsthenentitledtoserveasManagers.IfanyprovisionofthisAgreementortheapplicationthereoftoanypersonorcircumstanceshallbeinvalidorunenforceabletoanyextent,theremainderofthisAgreementandtheapplicationofsuchprovisionstootherpersonsorcircumstancesshallnotbeaffectedthereby,andtheintentofthisAgreementshallbeenforcedtothegreatestextentpermittedbylaw.ThedesignationsofMembersandManagersasusedhereinshallincludesingular,plural,masculine,feminineorneuterasrequiredbycontext.•完整合同：本协议含其所有附件附表，可根据本协议条款随时修正，包含双方就本协议标的有关的完整协议。本协议或组织章程仅当拥有不少于75%成员利益的成员以书面形式签发交付始可修改或修正，但是如果第三节第一条有关任命的规定和经理的选任未经有资格出任经理的人等同意不得修正。如果本协议的任何规定或该规定对某人或某情形的适用在任何程度上应为无效或无法执行，本协议其余部分和该部分对其他人或其他情形的适用不得因此受影响，本协议的目的应按法律所允许的最大程度予以执行。在本协议中使用的成员或经理的指定应包含单数、复数，男性、女性或上下文所需的中性。•WARRANTY：•TheSellerwarrantsthatallcommoditieswillconformtothedescriptionsetoutinClause1.Saveasaforesaidallrepresentations,conditionsandwarrantiesofwhatsoevernatureareherebyexcludedandextinguished.••卖方保证所有商品符合第一条规定的规格说明。除了前述（除上述所有陈述）本协议在此排除和废止的任何性质的声明、条款或担保。一般条款之保证与担保条款•与…一致•阐述•除非•条款•保证、担保•补偿、赔偿•Conformto•Setout•Saveas•Conditions•Warranty•IndemnifySupplementarymaterial•representandwarrant:声明保证•represent,warrant,undertake,guarantee•在英文合同中这几个词都表示“保证”的含义。Represent往往和warrant连用，出现在合同的声明保证部分：•Exercise:•例如：BoththeSellerandthePurchaserwarrantandrepresentthatnobrokerwasinvolvedinnegotiating•thispurchaseandsale,andboththeSellerandthePurchaseragreetoindemnifyandholdeachother•harmlessagainstanyandallclaimsforbrokerage.•买卖双方保证并声明没有中介介入交易磋商，且保证赔偿对方因中介引起的索赔并使其免受损害。2.Incaseofinabilitytofulfillthecontractortocontinueoperationduetoheavylossesinsuccessiveyearsasaresultofforcemajeure,thedurationofthecooperat