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全真题演练第一部分简单句第一章简单句的核心第一节简单句的核心构成1.主谓＝主语＋不及物动词(vi.)Smallerspeciessurvived.(2006,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)2.主谓宾＝主语＋及物动词(vt.)＋宾语Everybodylovesafatpayrise.(2005,ReadingComprehension,PartA,Text1)Manystudentsexperiencebothvarieties.(2011,ReadingComprehension,PartB)…veryfewwomenhave15children.(2000,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)Severalofhisstaffmembershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.(2003,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)3.主谓双宾＝主语＋及物动词(vt.)＋两个宾语（人＋物）Theygavejusticespermanentpositions...(2012,UseofEnglish)…railroadschargedallcustomersthesameaveragerate...(2003,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)4.主谓宾补＝主语＋及物动词(vt.)＋宾语＋宾语的补足语（简称宾补）Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen...(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)Thespookscallitopensourceintelligence,...(2003,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)5.主系表＝主语＋系动词＋表语Thisisadangerousgame...(2005,ReadingComprehension,PartA,Text2)考研真题中常出现的系动词，总结如下：系动词表达含义真题例句be单独出现（无其他实义动词）“是”Anthropologyisoneofthesocialsciences.(2003,Translation)get/become/turn/go/grow“变得”…theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.(2005,ReadingComprehension,PartA,Text1)look/sound/smell/taste/feel感官动词“看/听/闻/尝/感觉起来……”Theylookcute.(2005,ReadingComprehension,PartA,Text1)Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirability...(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)keep/remain/seem／appear/prove“保持着……”“似乎……”“证明出，显示出……”Theprospectseemsremote.(2010,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)Nonetheless,unificationofsortsremainsamajorgoal.(2012,Translation)真题演练：请用下划线标出谓语动词的部分，并判断谓语动词的种类及简单句的种类。1.…ourpresidentcallshimself‘theDecider’.(2009,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)——主谓宾补2.Thehumiliationcontinues.(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)——主谓3.Thecomputeristhe21stcentury'sculturemachine.(2012,ReadingComprehension,PartB)——主系表4.…poetryofmanykindsgavehimgreatpleasure.(2008,Translation)——主谓双宾5.…eventheword“habit”carriesanegativeimplication.(2009,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)——主谓宾第二节简单句的核心变化一、谓语动词的变化1.谓语动词的时态“一般”时态一般过去时：谓语动词＝did（动词的过去式）LastyearJapanexperienced2,125incidentsofschoolviolence...(2000,ReadingComprehension,PartAText4)6…thiscitywasoneofthelargesthumansettlementsintheworld.(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartB)一般现在时：谓语动词＝do/does（动词的原形或第三人称单数）Sofartheresultsareinconclusive.(2009,UseofEnglish)Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)Archaeologistscommonlyusecomputerstomapsitesandthelandscapesaroundsites.(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartB)Todayitmakesalmostnodifference.(2000,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)Pearsonalsopredictsabreakthroughincomputer-humanlinks.(2001,Translation)一般将来时：谓语动词＝will+do或am/is/aregoingto+doWewillhavealesscivilsociety.(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText4)Idon’tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too...(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)…theproblemswillbedifferent.(2002,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)Clearly,onlythebiggestandmostflexibletelevisioncompaniesaregoingtobeabletocompeteinsucharichandhotly-contestedmarket.(2005,Translation)7（一般）过去将来时：谓语动词＝would+do或was/weregoingto+doTheygavejusticespermanentpositionssotheywouldbefreetoupsetthoseinpower...(2012,UseofEnglish)…itsimplydidn’tforeseewhatwouldhappennext.(2012,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors…wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.(2000,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)“进行”时态过去进行时：谓语动词＝was/were+doingHewassearchingfortinyengravedseals...(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartB)Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup...(2011,ReadingComprehension,PartAText2)现在进行时：谓语动词＝am/is/are+doingHomepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.(2004,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)Everycatwithanowner…isrunningasmall-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.(2009,UseofEnglish)8将来进行时：谓语动词＝willbe+doing（其中be动词永远用原形be）过去将来进行时：谓语动词＝wouldbe+doing（其中be动词永远用原形be）以上两种时态在考研真题当中，几乎不出现，建议考研的同学们不用掌握。“完成”时态过去完成时：谓语动词＝had+doneHehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.(2006,ReadingComprehension,PartB)Theinterviewershadratedapplicantsonascaleofonetofive.(2013,UseofEnglish)…heexpressedtheopinionthatintwoorthreerespectshismindhadchangedduringtheprecedingtwentyorthirtyyears.(2008,Translation)RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligion...(2007,UseofEnglish)现在完成时：谓语动词＝have/has+doneTime…hasgiventhemlegitimacy.(2014,ReadingComprehension,PartAText3)TheethicaljudgmentsoftheSupremeCourtjusticeshavebecomeanimportantissuerecently.(2012,UseofEnglish)Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable...(2011,ReadingComprehension,PartAText1)9Mostleadingretailershavealreadytriede-commerce,withlimitedsuccess,andexpansionabroad.(2010,ReadingComprehension,PartB)Familieshavealsoexperiencedchangestheseyears.(2004,UseofEnglish)将来完成时：谓语动词＝willhave+done…relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.(2001,Translation)“完成进行”时态现在完成进行时：谓语动词＝have/hasbeen+doing角度相同都表示“现在的之前”两种时态现在完成时have/has+done现在完成进行时have/hasbeen+doing强调不同强调结果（做完与否都可以）强调过程例句Wehavenotwonthematch.Wehavebeenworkinghardforseveralmonths.Thatkindofelectronicspy