上菲红欧四欧五发动机排放培训资料

Wulumqi,26June2007ClaudioOpertiManagerR&DFPTChinaHeavyDutyEngineemissionsEuro4/5重型车用发动机排放欧4/欧526June20072FPT“FPT”isFIATPOWERTRAINTECHNOLOGIESFIAT动力总成技术Itisacompanyincludinginasingleorganizationalltheengine&drivelineactivitiesoftheFiatgroupworldwide是FIAT集团全世界包括所有发动机和动力传动系统的独立的机构FiatautomotiveFIAT汽车IVECOOthers…其它Itisdevelopingandproducing正在开发和生产Dieselandgasolineengines柴油和汽油发动机From1,0litersupto40liters从1.0L到40LFor用于Cars轿车Trucks卡车Agriculturalandearthmoving农业和工程机械Marine船用Powergeneration发电….等等26June20073EmissionLimits排放限值Euro3NOxPMTill20065,00,10Euro3RegistrationEurope欧洲欧3注册26June20074Euro4Registrationstep1Europe欧洲欧4第1阶段注册Durability耐久性InUseCompliance在用车Homologationclass/weight认证类别/质量ControlMeasurements测量控制OBDStage1OBD第1阶段Euro4SystemFailure系统不完善2006–20073,50,02EmissionLimits排放限值Euro3NOxPMTill20065,00,1026June20075Euro4Registrationstep2Europe欧洲欧4第2阶段注册Durability耐久性InUseCompliance在用车Homologationclass/weight认证ControlMeasurements测量控制OBDStage1OBD第1阶段Euro4SystemFailure系统不完善2006–20073,50,02EmissionLimits排放限值Euro3NOxPMTill20065,00,10NOxControlTorquereduction扭矩降低控制+2007–200926June20076Euro5LegislationEurope欧洲欧5法规Euro5OBDStage2DurabilityNEW?20092,00,022007–2009EmissionLimits排放限值NOxPM5,00,10Euro3Till20063,50,02Euro42006–2007Durability耐久性InUseCompliance在用车Homologationclass/weight认证分类/质量ControlMeasurements测量控制OBDStage1OBD第1阶段SystemFailure系统不完善+NOxControlTorquereduction26June20077EC88/77Comp.Euro3Comp.Euro5EmissionsE4EmissionsE4OBDStage1OBDStage2DurabilityEmissionsE5EmissionsE5InusecomplianceCompulsoryEuro4DurabilityNewinusecompliance200520062007200920082010EmissionsE4OBDStage1+NOxcontrolDurabilityInusecomplianceSince2005waspossibletoregistervehiclesaccordingtoEuro4/5emissionvalues从2005年开始可以按照欧4/欧5排放进行车辆注册Euro4Step1(ODBstage1)arecompulsoryfromOct2006从2006年10月强制执行欧4第1阶段(OBD第1阶段)认证EmissionsE3EmissionsE5EmissionsE5Euro4Step2(OBDstage1+NOxcontrol)arecompulsoryfromOct2007从2007年10月强制执行欧4第2阶段(OBD第1阶段+NOx控制)认证Euro5(emissionvalues+OBDstage2)arecompulsoryfromOct2009从2009年10月开始欧5(排放+OBD第2阶段)Step1Step226June200780,04,08,012,016,0[g/kWh]88/77EC1989Euro11994Euro21997Euro32001Euro42006Euro52009PMHCCONOxLegislationsummary法规概要26June20079Durabiltyrequirements耐久性要求PresentEuropeanEuro4legislationsspecifiesthat当前欧4法规说明Aminimumdurabilityoftheengineintermsofemissionslegislationconformitymustbeguaranteedbythemanufacturer(limitdependingonvehicleclass/size)排放法规中的发动机最低耐久性符合性由制造厂保证(限值取决于车辆类型/尺寸)Thesamecriteriaappliestotheaftertreatmentsystem标准同样适用于后处理系统Nospecificdemonstrationofthisdurabilityisrequired.没有明确的耐久性”试验实例”要求ItisexpectedthatfutureEuropeanlegislationwillincludeadurability“demonstration”equivalenttotheUSAEPAapproach未来的欧洲法规将包含耐久性”试验实例”,等同于美国环保署方法26June200710In-usecompliance–1在用车符合性-1TheverificationofconformitytoemissionstandardsofvehiclesinrealuseisverycriticalonHDapplications.检查重型在用车辆排放符合性是非常复杂的.AsNOxandparticulateemissionsareverylowatlowengineload,any“conformity”testmustbeperformedwiththeengineunderhighload.Thisrequireseither因为在发动机低负荷时NOx和颗粒排放非常低,任何符合性测试必须在发动机高负荷时进行.Emissionmeasurementsonvehicleinoperationonroad车辆排放在道路上运转Useofarollertestbed(foratruck,averyheavy/expensivedevice)使用转鼓试验台(对于卡车,非常重/装置昂贵)Dismountingtheengine(andtheaftertreatmentsystem)fromthevehicleandinstallationonanenginetestbed从车辆上拆下发动机(和后处理系统)并安装到发动机排放试验台上.26June200711In-usecompliance–2在用车符合性-2European(andUS)legislationshaveselectedthe“OBD”approach.欧洲(和美国)法规选择”OBD”方法Thecontrolsystemoftheengine/aftertreatmentmustdetectanysystemmalfunctioncausinganincreaseofemissionsandgiveindicationtothedriver(includingenginepowerreduction)发动机/后处理控制系统必须发现任何导致排放增加的系统故障并给驾驶员故障指示(包括发动机功率降低)TheeffectivenessoftheOBDmustbedemonstratedatenginehomologation必须在发动机认证时认证OBD效果The“road”inspectionauthoritycan“read”theOBD“history”ofthevehicletodetectmalfunctionsormis-use道路检查权威部门可读取车辆上OBD”历史”记录,以发现故障或错误使用26June200712….from“Euro3”toEuro4…..从欧3到欧4NOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3欧3起点50.10EURO43,50.0226June200713Enginedevelopment发动机技术发展NOXPMFuelConsumption燃油消耗EngineadjustmentsNOxreductionincreasePMandfuelconsumptionPMreductionreducefuelconsumptionbutNOxincrease26June200714Thetechnologychoice技术选择Twopossiblesolutions两种可能的解决方案:EGRSCRExhaustGasRecirculation废气再循环SelectiveCatalyticReduction选择性催化转化器26June200715EGR:tomatchEuro4匹配欧4EGRNOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3起点欧35EURO43,50.100.0226June200716EGR:tomatchEuro4匹配欧4NOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3起点欧35EURO43,5PMFilter0.100.02EGR26June200717SCR:tomatchEuro4匹配欧4NOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3欧3起点5EURO43,50.020.10SCR26June200718SCR:tomatchEuro4匹配欧4NOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3起点欧353,5EURO40.02SCR0.10SCR26June200719SCR:tomatchEuro5匹配欧50.10NOx(g/kWh)PM(g/kWh)StartingPointEuro3起点欧353,5EURO4EURO52SCR0.02SCR26June200720EGRvalveEGRtechnologyEGR技术PMFilterEGRsystemeffectsemissionsatsource,inthecombustionchamberEGR系统在源头解决排放,在燃烧室内26June200721•Exhaustgasisforcedthroughporousceramiccell排气强制通过多孔蜂窝状陶瓷•Walls外壳Closedfilterstructure封闭式滤芯结构Efficiencyupto80%效率上限80%CombinationwithOxi–cat与氧化型催化转化器结合PMFilter=PMTrap=DPF26June200722PM