介词和连词

2007届英语复习专题介词和连词一、介词1.表示时间的介词in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon1)Hecamein1958andhasstayedhere______then.sincesince,自从…以来到现在，和完成时连用。另外，since还可以用作副词，表达同样的意思。2)ShewenttoNanjinglastMay，andshecameback____amonth.afterin,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,uponafter+时间常常和过去时连用，表示一个时间点。如：afterschool,dinner,3pm等。3)Theyworkedhard.Theyfinishedthework_____2daysatlast.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,uponwithin表示在…时间以内，而in强调以现在为基准，想将来延续，inanhour是从现在起一个小时之后。4)Theysaidtheywouldarrivehere____aweek.withinin5)Neverputoff____tomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday．Theydidn'tsayaword___________themeal．in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,tilltillduring/overtill直到…为止;during,over在…期间。如：AreyoustayinghereoverChristmas?6)Hehadfinishedthework___teno'clockthismorning.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,tillbyby不迟于；到…为止。后跟表示过去的时间用过去完成时，跟将来的时间用将来完成时。7)Theyplayedthecards________thenight.8)Theyaregoingtohaveagoodrest_______thesummerholidays.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,tillthroughduringthrough:从开始到结束，他们打了一整夜牌。during:在…期间，他们打算在暑期好好休息。in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,till9)Scientistssaythatitmaybefiveyears_______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.beforebefore:过了多久以后才…“五年以后才会在人体上做试验。10)Theplanetakesoffat10:00,soyoumusttrytobeattheairport___9:30.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,tillbyby:最迟在，不迟于，在…以前。你必须在9：30以前赶到机场。11)Thestudentswon‘tgohome____________theyfinishtheirhomework.12)Thewomanworkedinthefactory___________1990.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,tilluntil/beforeuntil/before在until能使用的句型中,即主句含有否定式终止性谓语动词或肯定式延续性动词,可与before直接替换,意义差别不大。13)Einsteinalmostknockedmedown_______hesawme.14)Hehadmeasuredme_______Icouldgetinaword.in,on,from,at,until,for,since,after,beforeby,during,over,through,within,upon,till当主句含有肯定式终止性谓语动词时,只能用before不能用until,且before常意为没来得及……或……才……等。beforebefore2.表示方向的介词in,at,to,1)Herushed___thewomanwithasword.2)Herushed___thedirectionofthesmallvillage.3)Herushed___thewomenwithasword.atintorushat:朝着…扑去；inthedirectionof朝着什么方向；rushto向这位妇女走去。3.介词的其他用法请填入适当的介词。1)Hewent____theraintomeetmeatthestation.他冒雨到车站去接我。in在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。2)Theworkersarepavingaroad_____stone.3)Theteacheriscorrectingthepaper____anewpen.Theproductisseparated____distilation（蒸馏）intogasolineandgasoil.4)Ireallycan'texpressmyidea___Englishfreelyin-deed．withwithbyin有形with,无形by，语言、单位、材料in.4.Who'sstandingthere___thedoor?5.Heis___presentinWashington.6.Waterfreezes___0°centigradeandboilsat100°7.Thesoldierslaunchedanattackupontheenemy___sunset.8.Theforce___thecoreleadingourcauseforwardistheChineseCommunistParty.atatatatat在山脚下,在门口,在目前,速度、以……速率,温度,在日落时,在……核心要用at。9.TheDemocraticPartywasthen__power.10.Theyfoundthepatient__acoma.11.Hehasnotbeen__goodhealthforsomeyears.12.Manywhocame__despairwentaway__hope.13.Thehousewas__ruins.14.Todayeverybodyis__highspiritsandnooneis__lowebb.inininininininin在表示权力，特征，心情，状态，方面等前用in。15.Didyoursupervisorlikethestory___________theradiolastnight?16.ProfessorShenwillgiveusatalk___travellinginAmerica.17.Youarewrong___alltheseissues.18.Youcan'taffordluxuries,___anincomeof100yuanamonth．over(oron)ononon电视，广播，关于，依靠，基础，故意，出差，上市，电话，左右方向前用on。19.ThespeechbythemayorofShanghaibeforethefinalvotingforEXPO2010isstronglyimpressed_____mymemory.A.toB.overC.byD.onimpresssb.(withsth.)给某人深刻印象。impresson/uponsb.是固定搭配，给……留下印象。D20.Thesunlightcamein____thewindowsandlitupthewholeroom.A.throughB.acrossC.onD.over“从窗户缝隙中”要用介词through。through指从里面穿过，透过；across强调从面上横穿，横跨；on“在……面上”；over从一地到另一地；经过一段时间或距离。译文：阳光从屋顶窗户缝隙中照射进来,把整个屋子都照亮了。A21.Weofferedhimourcongratulations______hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.A.atB.onC.forD.ofBon/upon后接名词、动名词，表示”在……时候”。例如：Uponhisarrivalattheworksite,hebegantowork.他已到工地，马上就投入了工作。22.___productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.(NMET2000)A.AsB.ForC.WithD.ThroughC本题考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。“with+名词+不定式/分词/名词/形容词/介词短语等”可在句中作伴随、时间、原因、条件等状语。本题中with的复合结构作伴随状语。二、连词连词，主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。在句子中，连词起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它本身在句子里不单独做句子成分。1.并列连词and,but,or,nor,so,however,aswellas,both...and,notonly...butalso,either...or,neither...nor2.从属连词after,when,before,as,while,since,until,till,if,unless,lest,because,than,that,whether,sothat,inorderthat,asif,asthough,although,supposethat,provided,that,as...as,nowthat,such...that,incasethat,onconditionthat[例题分析]1.Ithinkyouareagreatfamily____I’mgladI’mgoingtojoinyou.A.andB.butC.soD.howeverAnd在这里表示有因果关系的事件。又如：Youarelateagainandyoumustapologize.So也可以表示因果关系。例如：Hewassick,sohewasquiet.2.Thismedicine,___drug,hasaviolenteffect.这种药品，或者说麻醉剂，有强烈的效果。A.AndB.orratherD.butD.howeverorrather:或者说；准确地说。B3.TheyhavelearnedEnglishforonlyayear,____theycanactEnglishplaysalready..A.andB.yetC.howeverD.thoughByet此处是连词，表示转折。4.Hehadfailedseveraltimes,____hewassurehewouldsucceedintheend.A.but