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Ellipsis1.Thisradio,butthatonedoesn’t.读下列句子,说你的感觉。workwellworkswell2.Whenpure,acolorlessliquid.wateriswateris3.Areyou?Yes,Iam.readyready4.Hewasashehadbeeninhisyouth.aloverofsportsaloverofsports5.Theriverdeepandtheicethin.waswas6.akecare!YouTt1.省略句的定义省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中,尤其在对话中,是一种十分普遍的现象。2.句子成分的省略省略前提:主谓宾,定状表,如有重复可删掉。省略原则:词语省略后,不致令人费解。省略类型：1.心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中)；2.承前省后型(用于对话、并列句和动词不定式中)；3.可有可无型(用于宾从中的that、定从中作宾语的whom,which,that和某些状从中)4.虚拟倒装型(只用于需要倒装的虚拟条件句中)。1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他省略的主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(You)Comein,please.(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.简单句中的省略2.省略主语或谓语的一部分简单句中的省略(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(3)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?(4)How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)(Youcome)thisway,please.3.省略宾语:可省略宾语的全部;可省略作宾语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have。(1)---DoyouknowMissHu?---Idon’tknow(her).(2)Don’ttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).(3)---Areyouateacher?---No,butIwanttobe(ateacher).(4)---Hehasn’tfinishedthetask.---Well,heoughttohave(finishit).4.省略表语(1)---Areyouthirsty?---Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherislazy.Norishissister(lazy).5.同时省略几个句子成分(1)---Areyoufellbetternow?---(I’mfeeling)better(now).(2)(Iwish)Goodluck(toyou)!(3)Let’smeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.并列句中的省略两个并列分句中,后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool(3)Lin’sfatherwasnotathome,buthismotherwas(athome).主从复合句中的省略1.主句中有一些主谓被省略(1)(I’m)Sorrytoheatthatyouareill.(2)(It’s)apitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).4.省略一个从句或从句的一部分,可用so或not代替。常用于此类的动词有believe,think,expect,guess,hope,imagine,suppose,say,tell等以及appear,seem,afraidetc.(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso.(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbettertoday?--I’mafraidnot.其他省略1.连词that的省略(1)宾语从句中常省略连词that.Iknowheisastudent.(2)在定语从句中,that在从句中作宾语时可省略。另外,凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词和be动词。Helikesthesongs(that)AndyLausings.Helikesthesongs(thatare)sungbyAndyLau.(that)2.在某些状语从句中,从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可省去“主语+be”部分。(1)Whenstillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthoughratherpoorinhealth.(3)Whilecycling,don’tforgetthetrafficlights.骑车时,不要忘记看红绿灯。(youare)(you)(hewas)(shewas)3.不定式符号to的省略1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.2)help当“帮助”讲时,后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.(3)介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.Theboydidnothingbutplay.4)某些使役动词(let,make,have)及感官动词(see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.但如果是不定式tobe,则不能省略。Shefoundhimtobedishonest.(3)Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?(1),theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.HadtheytimeIfIhadtime(IfIwereyou)(Ifthereshouldbeaflood)4.连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略,但要将后面的should,were,had提到主语的前面。5.英语中有一些固定的省略结构：在以if,when,though,asif(好象)等连词引导的从句中,如从句中的主要动词是be,常将主语it和动词be省略。Ifnecessary,weshallsendatelegramhome.如有必要,我们就往家里打电报。Wheneverpossible,hewillcometomyhelp.他一有可能就来帮助我。itisitisNotes1.省略句可同时省掉句子几个成份Whatexcitingnews!(=Whatexcitingnewsitis!)多么令人激动的消息啊！Pityhe’sfailed.(=Itisapitythathe’sfailed.)很遗憾,他失败了。Ilikehimmorethanher.(=IlikehimmorethanIlikeher.)我喜欢他更甚于喜欢她。3.被省略的部分一般可以在句子中补上,但有时省略结构已经定型,如果把省略部分补上,反而不合乎习惯。HeistallerthanIam.他比我高。(am之后省略tall,补上不合习惯）Noparking.禁止停车。(告示用语=Noparkingisallowedhere.)有一些习惯表达很难补上所省略的部分：Notatall.不用谢。Nomatter.不要紧。Thanks.谢谢。1.Haven’tseenyouforages.2.Soundslikeagoodidea.3.Sorrytohearthat.4.thisway,please!5.Joiningusforawalk?6.Somemoretea?7.Doesn’tmatter.8.Pityyoucouldn’tcome.9.Terribleweather!10.Goingtothesupermarket?ExerciseIItIamWalkWouldyoulikeWouldyoulikeItItisaWhat/SuchAreyouExercise1.ShecanswimunderwaterlongerthanIcanswimunderwater.2.Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldstayinthehouseortheyshouldtrytheopenair.3.Theyhadameal,theywentoutforawalkandthentheycamebacktosleep.4.Don’tbatheifyoudon’ttobathe.5.Idon’tvisitmyparentsasmuchasIoughttovisitmyparents.1.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begunD单项选择2.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut___hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhichA3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople______.A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdoneA4.--I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycar?--Notatall.____.A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbehappytoD5.---Youhaven’tlosttheticket,haveyou?---______.Iknowit’snoteasytogetanotheroneatthemoment.A.IhopenotB.Yes,IhaveC.IhopesoD.Yes,I’mafraidsoA6.____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillB7.---Let’sgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.---_____Haveyou