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GracefulHandsInterestingEpitaphLead-inBackBenjaminFranklinPrinterBenjaminFranklin印刷工人本杰明·富兰克林BackShakespeareGoodfriend,forJesus’sakeforbear(克制，忍耐，容忍)TodigthedustenclosedhereBlestbethementhatsparesthesebonesAndcurstbehethatmovesmybones朋友，看在上帝的情分上，千万别掘此墓，动土者将受灾，保护者会得福。BackEarnestHemingwayPardonmefornotgettingup.请原谅我，我不起来了。BackThomasJeffersonHerewasburnedThomasJefferson,authoroftheDeclarationofIndependence,ofthestatuteofVirginiaforreligiousfreedomandfatheroftheUniversityofVirginia.这里安葬着托马斯·杰弗逊。他是《独立宣言》的起草人《弗吉尼亚宗教自由法案》的起草人和弗吉尼亚大学的创始人。BackDwightWallace(founderofReader’sDigest)Themostperfectcontraction.最完美的压缩。BackAMuleHereliesMaggie,themulewhoinhertimekickedageneral,twocolonels,fourmajors,tencaptains,twenty-fourlieutenants,fortysergeants,twohundredandtwentyprivates,andabomb.军骡马吉葬在这里。在她的一生中，她踢过一个上将，两个上校，四个少校，十个上尉，二十四个士官，二百二十个士兵和一枚炸弹。BackThinkIfyouareallowedtochooseonewordtodescribeyourwholelifeonyourepitaph,whichwordwouldyouchoose?Why?diligent,beautiful,graceful,intelligent,wise,…BackProverbsonDeath•Deathfreesusfromills.•Deathpaysalldebts.•Deathiscommontoall.•Deathisinevitable.•Humanbeingsaremortal.•Everyonehastherighttodiewithdignity.Pre-readingActivitiesBackMorearemen’sendsmarkedthantheirlivesbefore:Thesettingsun,andmusicattheclose,asthelastofsweets,issweetestlast,writinremembrancemorethanthingslongpast.——Shakespeare人在临终的时候总比他们以往要引人注目。正如夕阳的余辉、乐曲的终了、杯底的美酒一样，留给人的记忆最温馨、最甜蜜、也最久远。——莎士比亚BackHospiceHospice,intheearliestdays,wasaconceptrootedinthecenturies-oldideaofofferingaplaceofshelterandrest,orhospitalitytowearyandsicktravelersonalongjourney.(（宗教团体开办的）旅客招待所)DameCicelySaundersatSt.Christopher'sHospiceinLondonfirstappliedthetermhospicetospecializedcarefordyingpatientsin1967.(（晚期病人的）安养院；收容所，救济院)Today,hospicecareprovideshumaneandcompassionatecareforpeopleinthelastphasesofincurablediseasesothattheymayliveasfullyandcomfortablyaspossible.BackEnd-of-LifeCareGivingVolunteersWhatrolecanvolunteersplayinthegreatcauseofend-of-lifecaregiving?References1.attheheartofhospice2.thebackboneofthehospicemovement3.anindispensablepartofanyhospiceprogramBackWhatcanvolunteersdofortheterminallyillpatients?Referencesa.Supportservices--companionship,friendlyvisiting,activelistening,bedsidesitting,letterwriting.b.Sharinghobbiesandspecialinterests--reading,gardening,listeningtomusic,sports,travel,crafts,etc.c.Assistingwitherrands--groceryshopping,pickingupprescriptionsandsupplies,banking.d.Transportpatient/family--appointments,shopping,socialoutings.e.Homemakingtasks--lighthousekeeping,dishes,laundry,mealpreparation,childcare.BackWhatcanvolunteersgainfromthisspecialexperience?ReferencesablessingaconstantsourceofinspirationanhonorandaprivilegeBack1.precedev.1)在…之前发生（或出现）；先于eg:Sheprecededmeinthejob.precedesth.withsth.以…开始（或引导）eg:Sheprecededherspeechwithasmile.3.decayv.1)（使）腐烂；腐朽eg:decayingleaves/teeth/food2)（建筑、地方等）破败，衰落，衰败eg:Theinnercityhasdecayed.3)（力量、影响等）衰弱，衰减。减退eg:Thestandardsofmoralityhaveslowlydecayed.asconj.adv.pron.prep.固定用法引导定语从句引导时间状语从句引导原因状语从句引导让步状语从句引导方式状语从句引导比较状语从句PRACTICE2.As的用法一、作副词•“相同地”，“同样地”。Theydon’thaveasmanyairplanes.•他们没有同样多的飞机。•Asbeforeheremainedunmoved.•他和以往一样无动于衷.•The“h”issilentasin“hour”.•在hour这个词中,h不发音.区别连词时间与主句谓语动作只用aswhen点、段先于、同时发生while段、过程过程中、同时发生as当…的时候同时进行①同一个人的两种动作交替进行,“一边…,一边…”。②两个同步发展的动作或为,“随着”③表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。1.引导时间状语从句•JohnwashavinghisdinnerwhenIsawhim.•当我看到约翰的时候，他正在吃饭。•Shecanwriteonlywhenthebabyisasleep.•只有婴儿睡着的时候，她才能写作。•Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.•趁热打铁。•Whilewewerereading,theteachercamein.我们正在读书的时候，老师走了进来。•Thegirldancesasshesingsonthestage.•那个女孩在舞台边唱歌边跳舞。•Helookedbehindfromtimetotimeashewentforward.当他朝前走时，不时地向后看。•Astimewenton/by,shebecamemoreandmoreworried.随着时间的流逝，她变得越来越焦虑。•Ashegrewolder,hebecamemoreintelligent.随着他年龄的增长，他变得更有才智了。•Ithoughtofitjustasyouopenedyourmouth.恰好在你开口时，我想到了它。2.引导原因状语从句•because语气最强,用于回答why提出的或人们不知道的问题；•as，一般放句首，语气弱，口语化，说明比较明显的原因；•since书面语中，表对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时译作“既然”。•for表附加的解释、说明或推理。不放句首•IdoitbecauseIlikeit.•Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.•Asshehasbeenillperhapsshe‘llneedsomehelp.•Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.3.引导让步状语从句•“虽然，尽管”，•although语气稍正式些，可放在句首，句中，不能再用but，但可以用yet；•as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；•however引导让步状语从句时，后面可跟形容词或副词，也要用倒装语序。•Althoughtheyarepoortheyarehappy.•Angryashewas,hemanagedtospeakcalmly.•Howeverhardthequestionis,hecananswerit.•注意：当as引导让步状语从句时，句子的倒装语序有以下三种形式：•(1).形容词或副词+as+主语+连系动词be或实义动词。例如：•Richasheis,heneverspendsacentonclothes.•MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.•(2).名词+as+主语+连系动词be(注意句首的名词不带冠词)。•Childasheis,heknowsalot.•Boyashewas,hewaschosenking.。•(3).实义动词+as+主语+助动词•Tryashemay,heneversucceeds.•Changeyourmindasyouwill,youwillgainnoadditionalsupport.4.引导方式状语从句，•“如”，“像”，“按照……的方式•Remember,youmustdoeverythingasIdo.•记住，你必须按照我做的那样做一切。•注意：like在非正式语体中可以有与as相同的用法.•Ican’tsinglikeIusedto.•我不能像以前那样唱歌了。•Hewritesjustlikehisbrotherdidwhenhewasyoung.•他现在写文章正像他哥哥年轻时写文章一样。5.引导比较状语从句•用于“as...as...或notso/as...as...”中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词，“如(不如)…一样”。•Idon'tspeakEnglishso/aswellashedoes.•注意：句中连词as后面的代词实际是省略了与主句相同的部分，•Atyourageyoucan’texpecttoplayfootballaswe