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一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp主动语态被动语态主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.bythem.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.Tombrokethewindows.ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/haveto…bedone1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.WecallthesnowmanMrStrong.ThesnowmaniscalledMrStrong.Weusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词Heboughthisfriendsomefruitsyesterday.Hisfriendwasboughtsomefruitsyesterday.Somefruitswereboughtforhisfriendyesterday.4．AbycantakegoodcareofTina．TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词Hecancarrythebasketeasily.Thebasketcanbeeasilycarriedbyhim.Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.“Wemustputtheminthefridge.”Thedogsthought.“Theymustbeputinthefridge.”Thedogsthought.3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.Wehadreceivedmanylettersbytheendoflastweek.Manylettershadbeenreceivedbytheendoflastweek.Theywouldhaveapartythenextday.Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythemAnswerrightorwrong•1.必须照看好孩子们。•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()•2.这本书是鲁迅写的。•ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()•ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()•3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。•Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()•Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.()WRWRWR•4.这辆自行车能修吗？•Canthisbikemended?()•Canthisbikebemended?()•5.街道已由他们清理了。•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.()WRWR动词短语的被动语态takecareof→betakencareofcutdown→becutdownlaughat→belaughedatlookafter→belookedafterTheymadeshoesinthatfactory.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory.１带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavehearseenotice(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/….Weoftenhearthemsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).BobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend…toHetoldJimastory.Mummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydraw…forIboughtmybrotherabook.注意:约翰打开了收音机。Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandmatakescareofmysister.Mysisteri