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高中英语辅导讲座句子翻译（一）１．定语从句翻译２．状语从句翻译句字的扩展从句↙↘名词性从句修饰性从句↙↙↘↘↙↘主语表语宾语同位语定语状语定语从句翻译１．一些含有定语从句的谚语２．使用定语从句注意事项３．一些特殊的定语从句４．定语从句与其它句式的重叠５．定语从句与其它句式的转换６．翻译练习患难朋友才是真朋友。Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Afriendwhoisinneedisafriendwhoisindeed.省一分等于挣一分。Apennysavedisapennyearned.Apennywhichissavedisapennywhichisearned.总赞美我们的人未必都是朋友。Allarenotfriendsthatspeakusfair.Allthatspeakusfairarenotfriends.闪光的未必是金子。Allisnotgoldthatglitters.Allthatglittersisnotgold.不到长城非好汉。Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。Amanwhoneglectshisstudiesinyouthwillregretitinlateryears.结果好一切好。All’swellthatendswell.定语从句：概念：在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句（theAttributiveClause）它所修饰的词叫先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系代词that/which/who/whom/whose/as关系副词when/where/why/that1.Thefirstmetalwascopper.2.Thedinnerwasthemostexpensivemeal.3.Thereisnothing.4.Honeyistheonlyfood.1.Thefirstmetalthatwasproducedbymanwascopper.2.ThedinnerwasthemostexpensivemealthatIhadeverhad.3.Thereisnothingthatcanbeusedtoreplacetheworkofhumanbrains.4.Honeyistheonlyfoodthatdoesnotspoil.5.Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschool.6.Aliceisnotthegirl.5.Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolthatwehadvisitedthere.6.Aliceisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.上述情况只用that不用whichwh-word与th-word的交替使用1.Whoistheman?2.Whatdoesshedo?3.Whichisthehotel?4.Thosepleaseputupyourhands.5.Thosenowhavebeenpossible.6.Helaughsbest.1.WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?2.Whatdoesshedothatisdifferentfromothers?3.Whichisthehotelthatyoustayedatlastyear?4.Thosewhoareagainsttheproposalpleaseputupyourhands.5.Thosewhichwereimpossibleinthepastnowhavebeenpossible.6.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.介词+关系代词依据三个因素：先行词的意义从句谓语动词结构此结构在从句的作用关注点：A:介词+which（指物）+whom（指人）B：在定语从句中找动词的正确搭配1.ThisisthereporterwegainedtheinformationaboutthefightinIraq.2.Thepoorservicehecomplainedshouldbedealtwithassoonaspossible.3.Hemadeexperimentsoneafteranotherinordertofindthedirectiontheelectronsmove.1.ThisisthereporterfromwhomwegainedtheinformationaboutthefightinIraq.2.Thepoorserviceaboutwhichhecomplainedshouldbedealtwithassoonaspossible.3.Hemadeexperimentsoneafteranotherinordertofindthedirectioninwhichtheelectronsmove.4.ThedictionaryIpaid50dollarsprovestobeveryuseful.Ispent50dollarswasworth50dollars5.Alargeamountofreadingthestudentsshouldconcentratetheirattentionisoftenignored.thestudentsshouldpayattentionthestudentsshouldtakemuchnotice4.ThedictionaryforwhichIpaid50dollarsprovestobeveryuseful.onwhichIspent50dollarswhichwasworth50dollarswhichcostme50dollars5.Alargeamountofreadingonwhichthestudentsshouldconcentratetheirattentionisoftenignored.towhichthestudentsshouldpayattentionofwhichthestudentsshouldtakemuchnotice6.Thethingwefeltproudwasthenaturalsceneryhere.wetookpridewepridedourselves6.Thethingofwhichwefeltproudwasthenaturalsceneryhere.inwhichwetookprideonwhichwepridedourselves一个意思多种表达7.Itisbelievedthatcarelessdrivingwhichcausesalotoftrafficaccidentsisthefirstkillerontheroad.whichbringsabout…whichleadsto…whichresultsin…8.Hewasthecriminalwhowasaccusedofcommittingmurder.whowaschargedwithwhowasblamedfor一些特殊的定语从句thesame…as与thesame…that…oneof….与theoneof…than…but…thesame…as相同的两个事物thesame…that相同的一个事物Ihaveboughtthesameschoolbagasyoudid.我买了一个与你买的相同的书包。Ihavefoundthesamebookthatyoulost.我找到你丢掉的那（同一）本书。oneof与theoneofoneofthekids+whoV.(复数)theoneofthekids+whoV.(单数)TomisoneofthestudentswhoarefromAmerica.TomisexactlytheoneoftheprofessorswhoisworkinginChina.注意：Oneofthenewbookshasseveralpagesmissing.than、but引出的定语从句than:1.定语从句2.一般名词被比较级修饰后Don’tgivehimmoremoneythanisnecessary.They’vefinishedmoreworkthan(was)expected.but:1.定语从句2.用在Therebe的否定句中Thereisnotreebutbearsfruit.Thereisnobodybutwishestohelpthevictimswhoaresufferingfromtheseaquake.定语从句与其他句式重叠使用定语从句和地点状语从句attheplacewhere…;where…定语从句和结果状语从句such…as…that…定语从句和表语从句Thereasonwhy…isthat…定语从句和强调结构Itis…where/when/that…that…与地点状语从句一起用时：她（在你放这篇短文的地方）找到了它并（在应该改进的地方）做了问号标记。Shefoundtheessayandputaquestionmarkattheplace.与结果状语从句一起用时：杭州是一个如此（令人难以想象的）美丽的地方（每年都吸引着成千上万的观光客）。Hangzhouisaniceplaceyoucanhardlyimagine____.Shefoundtheessaywhereyoulaiditandputaquestionmarkattheplacewhereimprovementsshouldbemade.Hangzhouissuchaniceplaceasyoucanhardlyimaginethatitattractsmillionsoftouristseveryyear.与表语从句一起用时(他热衷于当志愿者的）原因是他觉得(给别人带来快乐的)人才是世界上最快乐的人。Thereasonwhyheiskeenonbecomingavolunteeristhathethinksthepersonwhobringshappinesstoothersisthehappiestoneintheworld.与强调结构一起用时It+be+被强调的短语+that/who+句子的其余部分婚礼正是要在（我第一次遇见亨利的）渡船上举行。ItisontheferrywhereImetHarryforthefirsttimethattheweddingwillbeheld.正是在那个（上星期才开张的)健身室你看见了那个著名的时装模特吗？Wasitatthehealthstudiowhich/thatwasopenedlastweekthatyousawthefamousfashionmodel?就是在（新中国成立的哪个)秋天他返回了祖国。ItwasintheautumnwhennewChinawasfoundedthathereturnedtohismotherland.定语从句与其它句式的转换与主语从句的转换与表语从句的转换与宾语从句的转换与地点状语从句的转换定语从句与主语从句的转换（他未被邀请的）原因不得而知。Thereasonwhyhewasnotinvitedisnotknown.Whyhewasnotinvitedisnotknown.（我们举行聚会的）地点正在讨论中Theplacewherewewillhavetheget-togetherisbeingdiscussed.Wherewewillhavetheget-togetherisbeingdiscussed.定语从句与表语从句，宾语从句的转换那就是（我一直寻找的）东西。ThatisthethingthatIamlookingfor.ThatiswhatIamlookingfor.你知道（他做这