Unit 10 The New Immorality

Unit10TextITheNewImmoralityTEXTEXPLANATIONSTheNewImmorality,arevealingargumentativeessay,exposes,analyzes,andcriticizesthenewimmoralityprevalentinourage.Thiseleven-paragraphargumentationmaybedividedintothreeparts.Thefirstthreeparagraphs,thebeginningpart,illustrateaparadoxofourage.Paragraphs4-10,thebodyofthetext,firstillustrateaninterestingtendencytoacceptandtakeforgrantedpersonaldishonesty,andnextanalyzesthesocialandpsychologicalgroundforthebehavior,attitude,anddefenseofthedishonestpeople.Then,thewriterpresentshisownopinionsaboutthegreatsignificanceoftheconceptofpersonalhonor.Thelastparagraph,theconclusionoftheessay,presentsthewriter'sideaofwhatanhonestandhonorablepersonoughttodonomatterhowbadtheworldmaybecome.1.Whatistheparadoxreferredtointhebeginningpartoftheessay?Theparadoxmentionedandillustratedinthetextisourseeminglygreatgrowthinsocialmoralityhasoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworldwhereprivatemorality--asenseofthesupremeimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,andintegrity--seemstobedeclining.2.Whatisthenewimmoralitythewritercriticizes?Thenewimmoralitythewritercriticizesisthatmanypeopletendtoacceptandtakeforgrantedpersonaldishonesty,andasaresult,theyarenotlikelytofeelashamedwhentheyarecaughtcheatingordoingsomethingdishonest,butclaimthattheyhaveastrongsocialconscienceandsocialmorality.1.provostn.ahigh-rankingadministrativeofficialofauniversity•Theprovostsofsomecollegesoftheuniversitywerepresentatthegraduationceremony.•Theprovostpresidedoverthefacultymeetingyesterday.2.reprehensibleadj.deservingtobereprehended;deservingtobecriticizedorrebuked•Plagiarismwasamorallyreprehensibleact.•Itwasreprehensibleofhimtostealfromhismother.3.rigvt.toarrangetheoutcomeofsth.dishonestly•Theyclaimedthattheresultoftheelectionwasrigged.•Somestockholdersriggedthestockmarket.4.Yetmostofthesefive,likemostofthecollegecheaters,wouldprobablyprofessastrongsocialconsciousness.+However,mostofthesefivepeople,likeamajorityofthecollegestudentswhocommitcheatingonexaminations,wouldprobablyclaimthattheyhaveastrongsenseofresponsibilityforsociety.5.professvt.claimsth.oftenfalsely;stateopenlythatonehasabelief,feeling,etc.Idon'tprofessexpertknowledgeofthissubject.Howcouldyouprofesstobeanexpertinthisarea?Heprofessedthatheknewnothingabouttheplot.Sheprofessedherselfsatisfiedwiththeprogressmade.6.integrityn.honesty,moraluprightness;wholenessorsoundness•Weadmirehergreatlyforherintegrity.•Theymakegreatefforttokeeptheirculturalintegrityintact.•Thetwonationshavemutualrespectfortheirterritorialintegrity.•Weshouldmaintaintheintegrityofourbrainfunction.7.Beneficentandbenevolentsocialinstitutionsareadministeredbymenwhoalltoofrequentlyturnouttobeacceptinggifts.+Charitablesocialorganizationsaremanagedorcontrolledbymenwhoveryoftenprovetobeeasilybribed.•beneficentadj.showingactivekindness;generous,charitable•Manyrichbusinessmenhavebecomebeneficentpatrons.•Theorphanwaslookedafterbyabeneficentoldlady.•benevolentadj.willingorwishingtobekind,friendlyandhelpful;charitable,doinggoodratherthanmakingprofits•Iamdeeplyimpressedbyhisbenevolentmanner.•Thefeministestablishedabenevolentinstitutionwhensheretired.8.rockv.(causesb.orsth.to)movegentlybackwardsandforwardsorfromsidetoside;(causesth.to)shakeviolently;(fig)disturborshocksb.orsth.greatly•Motherrockedherbabytosleep.•Ourboatwasgentlyrockedbythewaves.•Thewholehouserockedwhenthebombexploded.•Thescandalrockedthegovernment.9.ghostwriter:apersonwhowritessth.forsb.elseandallowshimtopublishitunderhisownname•Itturnedoutthatallhisarticleswereactuallyboughtfromghost-writers.•Mostghost-writersaredrivenbymoneytoghost-writeforothers.10.prevalentadj.existingorhappeninggenerallyoruniversally;beingwidespread•Theprevalentopinionisinfavorofreform.•Ismalariastillprevalentamongthepopulationhere?•Anti-governmentsentimentsarestillprevalentinthatwar-ravagedcountry.11.Ihavenowayofmakingahistoricalmeasurement.+Iamnotableatalltojudgepersonaldishonestyfromtheangleofhistory.12.moresn.(fml)customsorconventionsconsideredtypicaloforessentialtoagroup•Wemustobservesocialmores.•Everysocietyhasitsownmores.13.revealingadj.makingfacts,etc.known;causingorallowingsth.tobevisible•Itwasarevealingslipofthetongue.•TheX-raywasveryrevealing.•Sheiswearingaratherrevealingdress.14.abstractionn.ageneralideaortheorydevelopedfromspecificconcreteexamplesofevents•Iexpectsomeexamplestoillustrateyourtalkthatis,byandlarge,anabstraction.15.Theharmitdidthebribe-takerandthecheaterisn'timportant;itispurelypersonal.+Theharmitdidthebribe-takerandthecheaterisinsignificant,becauseitismerelythepersonconcernedthatbearstheconsequence.16.personan.(psychology)theimageofcharacterandpersonalitythatonewishestoshowtheoutsideworld•Shehasahottemper,whichisanundesirablepersonaofherpersonality.•Thecomicpersonaeinherwritingsarejocundandhumorous.17.decencyn.qualityofbeingorappearingasrespectablepeoplewouldwish;(pl)acceptedstandardsofbehaviororproprietyinsociety;avoidanceofobscenity;therequirementsofcorrectbehavior•Appearingnakedinpublicisanoffenceagainstdecency.•Havethedecencytoapologizeforwhatyoudid.•Y