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1.decrease减少increase增加Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyear.Thepricewheathasdecreasedby15%.Thisspeciesofbirdisdecreasinginnumbereveryyear.2.asaresult结果，因此.做状语Heatesomebadfish.Asaresult,hefellill.asaresultof由于……的原因后接名词/动名词/what引导的宾语从句Asaresultofwhathesaid,hismothergotveryangry.Hefellfromthehorse.Asaresult,hewasunabletogotoworkthenextday.=Hewasunabletoworkthenextdayastheresultofthefallfromhishorse.6.asaresult…asaresultof…Thedambrokeand___________thelandwasflooded.Hefailedintheexam_____________beingcareless.asaresultasaresultof3.endangerv.使……遭受危害endangeredadj.濒危的dangerousadj.具有危险性的dangern.危险Smokingendangersyourhealth.beindanger处于危险之中beoutofdanger脱离危险Thepatientisindanger.beindangerof处于……的危险中Shewassickandindangerof(losingherlife).help…outofdangerbeadangerto…(us)Theyareindanger./Theyareendangered.他们处在危险当中。Theyaredangerous.他们(对别人)危险.4.dieout灭亡；灭绝Manyanimalshavediedoutinthepast.Manyoldcustomsaredyingout.dieaway声音，风，光等渐渐消失Hehidbehindthedooruntilthefootstepshaddiedaway.dieoff一群生物相继死去Ashegrewolder,hisrelativesalldiedoff.diedown物质特性或情感变弱，逐渐平息Whentheexcitementhaddieddown,theshoppersreopenedtheirshops.5.lossn.损失；遗失；丧失；败北Hereportedthelossofhiswallettothepolice.Hesufferedalossof10,000dollarsonthebusiness.Ourteamhasalreadyhad3losses.belostin沉迷于，埋首ataloss困惑，不知所措--Hewasatalosswhattosaytotheteacher’squestion.--Obviouslyhewaslostinthoughtjustnow.6.reserve---reservation--预约Wemustreservetwoseatsontheplane.我们必须预定两个飞机座位。(2)保留，存储Youhadbetterreservethemoneyforfutureneed.你最好保留那笔钱以供将来之需。Imustkeepagoodreserveofenergyfortomorrow’sexam.(3)保护区Wewatchedthelionsinthenaturereserve.7.hunt---hunting---huntergohuntinghuntfor寻找ahuntingdogHeishuntingforajob.Thedogsarehuntingforthebones.8.beingleftinpeaceleave(thetigers)inpeaceleave+O.+OC.leave+O.+N.(leavehimanorphan)leave+O.+adj.(leavethewindowopen)leave+O.+adv.(leavethelighton)leave+O.+doing(leavehimshoutingintherain)leave+O.+done(leavetheillnessuntreated)9.inpeace与atpeace的区别inpeace“处于清静或安谧状态,不被打搅”atpeace“休战，熄争，和睦相处”Iwishyou’dleavemeinpeace–I’vegotworktodo.Thetwocountriesareatpeace.inpeaceatpeaceOnthewhole,theworldnowis________.Generallyspeaking,peopleallovertheworldnowlive______________.atpeaceinpeace10.Daisyhadalwayslongedtohelpendangeredspeciesofwildlife.longtodosth.longforsth.渴望We’relongingforpeace.Helongedtoseeher.Welongedforthesummertobeoversoon.11.Beneathourstomachs(复数）Ihaveapaininmystomach=Ihaveastomachache.我肚子痛。Ihavenostomachforthisheavyfood.(胃口）haveastomachfor对……有胃口onafullstomach吃饱时onanemptystomach空腹时turnone’sstomach想呕吐12.turnaround转过去，围绕……旋转Theearthturnsaroundthesun.turnon/off打开/关掉turnup/down开大/减弱turnto向……求助turnagainst反对turnover翻转，考虑turnaway解雇turnback折回13.inreliefWhentheheadmasterwalkedoutoftheclassroom,thestudentswereinrelief.toone’srelief使某人感到宽慰的是Muchtoourrelief,herinjurieswereonlyslight.14.burstintolaughterSheburstintotears.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknocking.Theaircraftburstintoflames.15.That’sbetter,butI’dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests.Themonitorsuggestedavisittothathillthisweek.Themonitorsuggestedvisitingthathillthisweek.Themonitorsuggestedwe(should)visitthathillthisweek.Theexpertssuggestedtothegovernmentseveralpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewasgladtohelp.16.protect……from保护……免受……危害Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.Theheavycoatcanprotectmefrom/againstcold.Wemustdosomethingtoprotectthetreesfrombeingcutdown.阻止某人干某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.stopsb.fromdoingsth.preventsb.fromdoingsth.Theschoolstoppedthestudentsfromplayingcomputergames.17.affect—effect—effectiveaffectsth./sb.=haveaneffectonsth./sb.对……有影响Asuddenchangeinweathermayaffectyourhealth.Themedicinehasaneffectonme.降雨量直接影响庄稼的生长。他们的观点不会影响我的决定。Theamountofrainaffectsthecrops.Theiropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.生效；开始实施实际上comeintoeffect开始起作用；见效ineffecttakeeffectTheoldman’swords______________me,andIalwaysrememberwhathesaid.Lucysaidsheleftherhomeworkathome,_______shedidn’tfinishit.Themedicine_____________inonehourafteryoutakeit.Thisnewteachingsystemofourschool_____________nextmonth.hadaneffectonineffecttakeseffectwillcomeintoeffect18.payattentiontoYouspeakEnglishverywell,butyou’dbetter____________________yourwrittenEnglish.PleasepayattentiontowhatI’msaying.paymoreattentionto19.appreciate感激；鉴赏；意识到Iappreciateyourhelp.Hergiftformusicwasnotappreciated.I’mafraidyouhaven’tappreciatedtheproblemofthematter.appreciate+doingIappreciatedbeinginvitedtotheparty.appreciateit+if引导的从句I’llappreciateitifyoucanhelpuswiththework.20.Norainforest,noanimals,nodrugs.没有热带雨林，就没有动物，也没有药物。Nopains,nogains.Nothingventure,nothinggain.不入虎穴焉得虎子。Nothingseek,nothingfind无求则无获。现在进行时被动语态的构成：•现在进行时的被动语态有肯定式、否定式、一般疑问式及特殊疑问式四种结构，现分述如下：•1.肯定式：由“主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词”构成,其中的am/is/are及being均是助动词，无任何词汇意义。Anewhouseisbeingbuiltoverthere.Theyarebeingtrainedatthecenter.2.否定式：由主语+am/is/are+not+being+过去分词构成。Thequestionisnotbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Iamnotbeinghelpedatpresent.3.一般疑问式及其回答由“Am/Is/Are+主语+being+过分？”构成，答语一般采用简略式，使用助动词am,is或are。1)—Isthecarbeingrepaired?—Yes,itis./No,itisn't.2)—Aretheybeingtreatedbythedoctors?—Yes,they