专八听力辅导_mini-lecture

TEM8听力辅导---MINI-LECTURE主讲人：曹婷2015年5月第一部分：考试介绍--介绍该部分的题型要求、题型设计、选材特点、文体特点、时间分配等第二部分：题型分析--结合近年真题来分析这部分的题型设置第三部分：语言特征分析（重点）--结合近年真题来分析篇章特征和语言特点第四部分：应试技巧（重点）--结合近年真题来介绍十大技巧21.考试介绍由来：Mini-lecture题型于2005年新考试大纲颁布后实施；主要变化：选材更贴近本专业、提纲更明晰要求：“能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化、教育、语言文学、科普方面的演讲及演讲后的问答”设计：一篇900字长度的讲座和一项填空任务，要求考生边听边做笔记，然后完成10题填空；填空以提纲形式出现。31.考试介绍选材特点：自2004新大纲后以“英语专业知识和通识课程”为选题内容2005WritingaResearchPaper(科研)2006MeaninginLiterature（文学）2007WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?（艺术）2008ThePopularityofEnglish（语言）2009WritingExperimentalReports（科研）41.考试介绍2010ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage(语言)2011ClassificationsofCultures（文化）2012ObservingBehavior（科研）2013WhatDoActiveLearnersDo（学习）2014HowtoReduceStress（通识）51.考试介绍文体特点：讲座文体正式（但话语标记有时正式有时非正式），语言规范，逻辑严密，结构分明；含有专业名词或术语（e.g.linguafranca）；时间分配（以2014为例）：8左右分钟讲座（边听边记录，发空白记录纸）2分钟检查笔记（同时发答题卡1）10分钟填写答题卡162.题型分析2.1关键信息题型*一级要点：讲座提纲的主要节点/大标题二级要点：讲座提纲的次要节点/小标题2.2推理判断题型**根据听到的内容和记录的笔记推理而出，一般会有多种正确答案2.3概括总结题型***在理解讲座原话的基础上进行概括、总结，有一定难度72.1关键信息题型一级要点：讲座提纲的主要节点/大标题要点排列有序，此类题目一般笔记不遗漏要点就能准确回答II.ReasonsforthepopularuseofEnglish1)(3)2)Economicreasons;3)(6)ininternationaltravel;4)Informationexchange;5)Popularculture;200882.1关键信息题型二级要点：讲座提纲的次要节点/小标题二级要点在一级要点之下，一般是列举、阐述、解释、分类等细节信息；题目很直观，解题有赖于认真仔细的记录和准确记忆II.TypesofInformationA.Informationinhistoryis(2)_______---facts,butnoopinionB.Informationinarthistoryissubjective---(3)_______andopinion200792.2推理判断题型根据听到的内容和记录的笔记推理而出，听到的答案一般不能直接照搬通过分析推理，可以概括出三种答案：India,colonies,Britishcolonies.II.ReasonsforthepopularuseofEnglish1)(3)—thePilgrimFathersbroughtthelanguagetoAmerica;—BritishsettlersbroughtthelanguagetoAustralia;—Englishwasusedasameansofcontrolin(4)2008102008原文线索（续前页）“Forexample,itbecamealinguafrancainIndia,whereavarietyofindigenouslanguagesmadetheuseofanyoneofthemasawhole-countrysystem/problematic.So,theimpositionofEnglishastheonelanguageofadministrationhelpedmaintainthecolonizer'scontrolandpower.”112.3概括总结题型在理解讲座原话的基础上进行概括、总结；对逻辑思维能力和通篇理解力是一种考验12III.ArtasreflectionofreligiousbeliefsA…….B…….C.AfricaandthePacificIslands:masks,headdressandcostumesinspecialceremoniesPurpose:toseekthehelpof__(6)____toprotectcrops,animalsandpeople.20072007原文线索（续前页）“Christianartinfluencespeople’sreligiousfeelingstowardsGod.ButthegoaloftraditionalartinAfricaandthePacificIslandsistoinfluencespiritualpowers,thatisgods,toenterpeople’slives.Eachtribeorvillagetherehasspecialceremonieswithsongsanddancestomakesurethatcrops,animals,andpeoplearehealthyandincreaseinnumber.”Godgods;livescrops,animals,andpeople2014年操练、实例分析13(1)熟悉一般学术讲座的结构Opening开场白Thesis主题Connection承接Body正文Summary总结Closing收尾143.讲座结构和标记话语讲座的结构实例分析——2008(1)Opening开场白：“Goodmorning,everyone.”Thesis主题：“Today‘slectureisaboutthepopularityofEnglish.”Connection承接：“AlthoughEnglishisNOTthelanguagewiththelargestnumberofnativeor“first”languagespeakers,...whatisalinguafranca?Thetermrefersto…”“Then,actuallyhowmanypeoplespeakEnglishaseithera‘first’ora‘second’language…”15讲座的结构实例分析——2008(2)Body正文“Then,wemayaskaquestion…”“Firstisthehistoricalreason…”“Now,thesecondmajorfactor…”“AndthethirdfactorrelatedtothepopularuseofEnglishis…”“Anotherfactorhassomethingtodowithinformationexchange…”“ThelastfactorIcitehereconcernspopularculture…”16讲座的结构实例分析——2008(3)Summary总结“Now,tosumup,intoday’slecture,wehavereviewedsomeofthereasons…”Closing收尾“OK,thisbringsustotheendoftoday’slecture.Thankyouforyourattention.”17(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Introducing介绍/导入Givingbackgroundinformation交代背景Defining定义Listing列举Givingexamples举例Emphasizing强调Clarifying/Explaining解释Movingon/Changingdirection承接/转接Givingfurtherinformation递进Givingcontrastinginformation转折Classifying分类Concluding总结18(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Introducing介绍/导入Today，whatIintendtosayisToday，whatI’dliketodoistodiscussToday，whatIintendtodoistoexplainInmytalktoday,/mytopictodayisToday,I’mgoingtotalkaboutToday，I’mgoingtotalktoyouaboutInthistalk,IwouldliketoconcentrateonToday，thesubjectofthistalkisIthinkasseniors,yourareoftenrequiredbyyourinstructorstodosomelibraryresearchonthistopicorthat,andinthenend,youhavetowritearesearchpaper.19(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Givingbackgroundinformation交代背景AsweknowAswehavealreadyseenAswehaveallreadIt’sclearthatItgoeswithoutsayingWeallunderstandItisunderstoodYou’llremember20(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Defining定义XisiscalledisknownasmaybedefinedasisatypeofYthat/which21(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Listing列举FirstlySecondlyNextThenThirdlyLastlyFinallyFirstofallInthefirstplaceForonethingTobeginwithInthesecondplaceForanotherthingThefirst/second/next/lastpointI’dliketomakeis22(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Givingexamples举例Forexample,Forinstance,YouonlyhavetothinkofRemember,Say,Takesomethingforexample,23(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Emphasizing强调IwanttostressI’dliketoputemphasisonIt’simportanttorememberthatWeshouldbearinmindthatDon’tforgetthatTheessentialpointis24(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Clarifying/Explaining解释Inotherwords,Thatistosay,Toputitanotherway,BywhichImeanOryoucouldsayThepointI’mmakingisThatis,Namely,i.e.Thatmeans25(2)熟悉讲座常见的话语标记Movingon/Changingdirection承接/转接That’sallIwanttosayabo