英语专业四级考试词汇讲座

专四词汇讲座Introduction•GrammarandVocabulary部分30题•每题4个干扰项(4X25)AistoB___CistoD.Intellectistothemind___sightistothebody.(2001/45)智力对于大脑，就像视力对于躯体一样。Twelveistothree____fouristoone.(1998/61)A)whatB)asC)thatD)likeAistoB___CistoD.Intellectistothemind___sightistothebody.(2001/45)智力对于大脑，就像视力对于躯体一样。•what引导的是一个类比性状语从句，说明主句行为的方式、方法，其结构为“AistoBwhatCistoD”，意思是“A对于B来说，就像C对于D一样”。MoreExamples:•TothePortuguese,thedrysaltedcodiswhatpastaistotheItalians.(Lu:ECD)•Enginesaretomachineswhatheartsaretoanimals.(JianhongDict.)•2isto4as8isto16.(或As2isto4,(so)8isto16.)2比4等于8比16.(Lu:ECD)与to有关的结构•(1)几比几•Theguestteamwasbeatenbythehostteam2___4inthelastyear’sCFACupFinal.A.overB.inC.toD.againstMoreexamples:•他们以2比0赢了那场比赛。•Theywonthegamebytwo(points)tonothing.•besuperior/inferior/junior/senior/priorto•prefer…to不定式短语•在某些动词后作宾语Hewilladviseyouwhethertodoit.We’dbetterfindoutwheretoputit.Haveyoudecidedwhentoholdtheparty?Shewilltellyouwhichbustotake.DoyouknowhowtoexpresstheideasinEnglish?不定式短语•TheClarkshaven’tdecidedyetwhichhotel___.(98/49)A.tostayB.istostayC.tostayatD.isforstaying…issaidto…•AIDSissaid___thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion.(02/46)A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen•ProfessorJohnsonissaid___somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.(99/43)A.havingmadeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.tomakeless/more…than…(1)Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan___inthepublicmindtoday.(99/46)A)existsB)existC)existingD)toexistWesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan_____EasternNebraska.(96/50)A)inB)itreceivesinC)doesD)itdoesinless/more…than…(2)Theindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatdealmoreluxuriousthan___.(98/44)A.isnecessaryB.beingnecessaryC.tobenecessaryD.itisnecessaryTheexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan_____.(02/49)A.havebeenputinB.beingputinC.hasbeenputinD.tobeputinAttributiveClause(1)I’veneverbeentoLhasa,butthat’sthecity___.(99/47)A.I’dmostliketovisitB.whichIliketovisitmostlyC.whereIliketovisitD.I’dlikemuchtovisitIhaveneverbeentoLondon,butthatisthecity___.(97/50)A.whereIliketovisitmostB.I’dmostliketovisitC.whichIliketovisitmostlyD.whereI’dlikemosttovisitAttributiveClause(2)Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast___shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.(98/42)A.whichB.beforeC.thatD.whenThephysicisthasmadeadiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscienceandtechnology.(97/45)A.IthinkwhichisB.thatIthinkisC.whichIthinkisD.whichIthinkitisAttributiveClause(3)Thiscompanyhasnowintroducedapolicy____payrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.(96/44)A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.whatMoreExamples:•ThereisonepointwhereI’dlikeyouradvice.(ZhangDZ,p566)•‘where’是一个副词，在从句中只能充当状语，意思和there差不多，如果在从句中不是充当状语就不能用它。比较：Thisistheplace(which)I’velongwantedtovisit.Thisistheplace(where)wemetyesterday.附加疑问句•Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,_____you?(00/44)A.can’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.won’t•Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don’tforgettoputitinmydrawer,___?(97/42)A.doyouB.willyouC.don’tyouD.won’tyou•在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用willyou,won’tyou,wouldyou等。附加疑问句与as有关的结构(1)•Shedidherwork___hermanagerhadinstructed.(02/41)A.asB.untilC.whenD.though•As作连词Doastheteachersays.Whydidn’tyoudoasyouwereinstructedtodo?Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentofpatientsdonottakedrugsasdirected.与as有关的结构(2)•Fool___Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(02/48)A.whoB.asC.thatD.likeAs引出让步状语时,要求句子部分倒装。Richasheis,heisnothappy.Inexperiencedasshewas,shedidagoodjob.•Itisnotsomuchthelanguage___theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(99/45)A.butB.norC.asD.like与as有关的结构(3)•notsomuchAasB:与其说是A，倒不如说是B；不是…而是…She’snotsomuchpoorascarelesswithmoney.她倒不是穷而是太不在乎钱了。•Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.•Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcerneveryoneofus.•Heopposedtheidea,ascouldbeexpected.•Shewasnotunconscious,ascouldbejudgedfromhereyes.•Asmightbeexpected,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.•Asisknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.as引起定语从句(4)（复合）连词–inthat•Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother___hecouldspeakFrench.(01/49)A.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothat•Liquidsarelikesolids_____theyhaveadefinitevolume.A.inthatB.forthatC.withthatD.atthat连词–themoment/theinstant…一…就•Youseethelightning_____ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.A.theinstantB.foraninstantC.ontheinstantD.inaninstant“闪电一发生你就看到闪光，但过一会儿你才听到雷声”。•Themomentthespeakerappearedontheplatform,weallstoodupandclappedwarmly.•We’llvisitEuropenextyear_____wehaveenoughmoney.A)lestB)untilC)unlessD)provided“如果有足够的钱，我们明年将访问欧洲”。分词连词–provided(that)I’llcomeprovided(providing)(that)youletmeknowingoodtime.Providedwedrewusefullessonsfromthem,wemayturndifficultiestogoodaccount.•Givenhissupport,Ithinkwe’llwintheelection.“如果获得他的支持，我想我们会赢得这次选举。”[介][连词]–given(that)___time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavingB.GivenC.GivingD.Had•I’lllendyouthebookoncondition(that)youreturnitonMonday.只要你能在星期一还我，这书我可以借给你。连词–oncondition(that)Everytimewehaddifficulties,theoldprofessorwouldcometohelp.我们一碰到困难，这位老教授就来帮助我们。EverytimeIcome,heisreading.我每一次来，他都在读书。连词–everytime每当独立结构（AbsoluteConstruction）•在用分词