词性转换

初一英语(培优)1词性转换训练导语1．动词转换成名词的一些规则。（1）动词+er:singsingerteachteachercleancleanerspeakspeakerplayplayerwaitwaiterworkworkerthinkthinkerdrawdrawerfollowfollowerperformperformerownownerdiscoverdiscovererfightfighter但须注意，有些动词转换成名词时，需要重复其词尾的辅音字母，然后再加er，如winwinner；runrunner；beginbeginner。如以e结尾的动词变为名词时，直接加r，如drivedriver;dancedancer;writewriter;lovelover;useuser;loseloser;computercomputer;managemanager.（2）动词+ing:cookcookingsingsingingpaintpaintingbuildbuildingreadreadingspellspellingmeanmeaningdrawdrawingunderstandunderstanding但须注意，有些以e结尾的动词变为名词时，先去e再加ing，如writewriting；liveliving.（3）动词+ion：Inventinventiondiscussdiscussion但须注意，有些以e结尾的动词变为名词时，先去e再加ion，如operateoperation；pollutepollution。（4）同时的动词和名词：water（浇水）water（水）cover（覆盖）cover（封面，盖子）change（变成）change（变化，零线）2．形容词转换成副词的一些规则。（1）形容词+ly：slowslowlyquickquickly（2）变y为i+ly：busybusilyhappyhappilyeasyeasily初一英语(培优)2（3）词尾ble改为bly：terribleterriblyhorriblehorribly（4）同形的形容词和副词：)()(副词形容词nearlytrainfast)()(ker副词形容词hardworksworhard3．英语中有些副词有两种形式，但其意义不同。)()(几乎附近nearlynear)()(几乎不努力hardlyhard)()(最近迟latelylate4．名词转换成形容词的一些规则。（1）名词+ful：useusefulhelphelpfulpeacepeacefulcarecarefulsuccesssuccessfulharmharmfulcheercheerfulthankthankfulskillskillful（2）名词+ly：friendfriendlylovelovely（love既可以作动词又可以作名词）（3）名词+y：cloudcloudyrainrainyhealthhealthylucklucky但须注意，个别名词需要重复某词末的辅音字母，再加y，如sunsunny；funfunny。（4）以词尾ce结尾的名词变为t：differencedifferentimportanceimportant5．动词转换成形容词的一些规则：（1）动词+able:changechangeablesuitsuitableenjoyenjoyable（2）动词+ful：useusefulhelphelpfulthankthankfulhatehateful（3）变y为i+ed：worryworriedmarrymarried6．形容词转换成名词的一些规则：（1）形容词+ness：illillnesskindkindnessweakweakness但须注意，有些形容词变为名词时，先把y改成i后再加ness，如happyhappiness。（2）形容词+y：honesthonestydifficultdifficulty7．词性转换题需要注意的几个问题：（1）判断所给词的词性。初一英语(培优)3（2）根据句子结构，判断句子画线部分所需要填入词的词性。（3）掌握词性转换的一般规则和特殊情况。（4）做完题后，应认真通读一遍。专项训练Ⅰ．词性转换：1．apology(n.)(v.)2．build(v.)(m.)3．clean(a.)(v.)4．close(a.)(v.)5．correct(v.)_________(a.)6．different(a.)_________(n.)7.．real(a.)_________(ad.)8．difficult(a.)(n.)9．certain(a.)(ad.)10．east(n.)(a.)11．fast(a.)(ad.)12．foolish(a.)(n.)13．friend(n.)(a.)14．hurry(n.)(v.)15．love(v.)(a.)16．mix(v.)(n.)17．operation(n.)(v.)18．physics(n.)(a.)19．sun(n.)(a.)20．teacher(n.)(v.)21．wide(a.)(ad.)22．win(v.)(n.)23．worry(v.)(a.)24．write(v.)(n.)25．travel(v.)(n.)26．cloud(n.)(a.)27．color(n.)(a.)28．weigh(v.)(n.)29．safe(a.)(n.)30．fun(n.)(a.)31．terrible(a.)(ad.)32．liberate(v.)(n.)33．foreign(a.)(n.)34．clear(a.)(ad.)35．change(v.)(n.)36．angry(a.)(ad.)Ⅱ．用所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子通顺正确：1．help:(1)HeoftenhisbrotherwithhisEnglish.(2)Robotscandoalotofthings.Theyareverytous.(3)Thanksforyourkind.(4)Ican’tthinkingthathemaynotcome.2．English:(1)Theletteriswrittenin.(2)Anindarkblueiswaitingforyou.(3)DidyoulearntospeakEnglishwhenyouwerein?(4)Twostudentswillvisitourschooltomorrow.3．meet:(1)Heisalwayslatefor.初一英语(培优)4(2)Iwillyouattheairporttomorrow.(3)Shefeltnervoustospeakatthe.(4)Weholdasportseveryspringandautumn.4．know:(1)Theprofessorhasawideofhistory.(2)Iusedtohimtobeanhonestman.(3)Theyoungscientistisintheworld.(4)Healotthoughheisonlyfive.5．use:(1)Youcanmypenifyoucan’tfindyours.(2)Wetohaveawalkaftersupper.(3)Englishisalanguage.(4)Youshouldlearntheofthecomputerassonaspossible.6．fish:(1)MyfatheroftengoesonSundays.(2)Ilikebetterthanmeat.(3)Don’tinthelake.It’sdangerous.(4)Theoftencatchesmanyfishintheriver.7．break:(1)Athiefintothehouseandtooksomemoneyawaylastnight.(2)Doyouknowhowthewindowwas?(3)Theyoftenplaytabletennisduringthe.(4)WhenIpassedbytheroom.Ifoundoneofthewindows.8．sleep:(1)WhenIgothome,hehadfallen.(2)Iforsixhourslastnight.(3)Hefounditverydifficulttogetto.(4)Heisinbed.9．bad:(1)Hewaswoundedinthearm.(2)That’snotaidea.Let’sgoswimmingnow.(3)ThisisthefilmIhaveeverseen.(4)Isthereanythingthanwar?10．invent:(1)Amongthose,whichdoyouthinkisthemostusefulone?(2)ThomasEdisonelectriclightsandoveronethousandotheritems.初一英语(培优)5(3)BenjaminFranklinwasoneofthegreatestintheworld.(4)Doyouknowsomethingabouttheofpaper-making?11．own:(1)Attheageoffifteen,hebuiltalabofhis.(2)Thoughheisyoung,yethealotofmoney.(3)Iwon’tbelieveituntilIseeitwithmyeyes.(4)Thelostwatchhasbeenreturnedtoits.12．speak:(1)ThatisaprofessorfromShanghaiUniversity.(2)MayItoyouforamoment?(3)Doyouknowwhowillmakeaatthemeeting?(4)I’msurprisedthathisEnglishissogood.13．thank::(1)Hewrotealetteroftothehospitalforsavinghissickbaby.(2)Iwanttoyouforyourkindnesstome.(3)Thefarmerswereverytotheseagullsbecausetheyhadsavedtheircrops.(4)foryouradvice.14．complete::(1)Doyouknowwhethertherailwayis?(2)Finallytheiceintheroomdisappears.(3)Ithinkthatitisasuccess.(4)Bothofyouarewrong.15．usual:(1)Shegotupearliertodaythan.(2)ItistoseesnowinAustralia.(3)Whattimedoyougotoschool?(4)Theclassroomwasnotascleanas.16．German:(1)Heisascientist.(2)Theoldscientistcomesfrom.(3)Threewerekilledinthefight.(4)istaughtintheschool.17．rain:(1)Doyouhaveplentyofinyourhometown?(2)Heplaysinsideondays.(3)Itofteninsummerinthesouth.初一英语(培优)6(4)Itlookslike.18．sing:(1)Thebirdsareinthetree.(2)Ilikeboththewordsand