Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂萨克”号帆船Oneofthemostfamoussailingshipsofthenineteenthcentury,theCuttySark,canstillbeseenatGreenwich.Shestandsondrylandandisvisitedbythousandsofpeopleeachyear.(l.1)人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。它停在陆地上,每年接待成千上万的参观者。theCuttySark作oneofthemostfamous…century的同位语,起解释说明的作用she指上文中的“CuttySark”,为拟人修辞格standon“停在…上”dozensof好几十个;hundredsof数以百计的impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的Itwasanimpressivelistofachievements.那是份给人深刻印象的成绩单.Thisisamostimpressivepieceofwriting.这是一篇给人印象很深的文章.Thegirlimpressedherfriendswithlivelinessandhumor.(impresssbwithsth用…给某人留下印象)这个女孩给她的朋友留下了活泼和幽默的印象。Sheservesasanimpressivereminderofthegreatshipsofthepast.(l.4)它给人们留下深刻的印象,使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。serveas:(=actas)“起…作用”servesasanimpressivereminderof…给人留下印象深刻,使人想到…Thismovieservesasanimpressivereminderofthegoodolddays.这部电影给人留下印象深刻,使人回忆起过去的好时光。Seeminglysimpleasthephotosare,theyservesasanimpressivereminderoftheintendedmeaningthatpopularculturewasalwaysplayedaninfluentialpartinourlives.尽管照片看起来简单,但他却生动地向我们传达了这样一个含义:流行文化在我们的生活中一直很重要。steamshipn.蒸汽轮船Thefirstdevelopmentinmoderntransportationwasthesteamship.现代交通工具的首次飞跃是蒸汽轮船。vesseln.轮船,大木船ThevesselisfullyloadedwithcargoforShanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。Ineachcase,saysthedocument,thepirateshadfullknowledgeofthecargo,nationalityandcourseofthevessel.在每一个案件中,文件中说,海盗们对货物,国籍,船只航线均有充分的了解。咖啡因能扩张血管,因此增加流入肌肉的血液和氧。Caffeinedilatesbloodvessels,thusincreasingtheflowofbloodandoxygentomuscles.(n.[组织]脉管,血管)Beforetheywerereplacedbysteamships,sailingvesselsliketheCuttySarkwereusedtocarryteafromChinaandwoolfromAustralia.(l.4)在蒸汽船取代帆船之前,“卡蒂萨克”号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶,从澳大利亚运回羊毛。replace:takeplaceofbefore引导时间状语从句。and连接两个并列的宾语“来自中国的茶叶”和“来自澳大利亚的羊毛”TheCuttySarkwasoneofthefastestsailingshipsthathaseverbeenbuilt.TheonlyothershiptomatchherwastheThermopylae.(l.6)“卡蒂萨克”号是帆船制造史上建造的最快的一艘帆船。唯一可以与之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”号帆船。match:beequalto与…相匹敌,相比。动词不定式作后置定语,修饰theonlyothershiperan.时期,时代(纪元”,地球、人类社会历史上的一个很长的时期,以特别事物或发展为标志)thebeginningofaneweratheendofanolderatimes:历史上的一个阶段”时代,时期”inancienttimes远古时代inClassicaltimes古希腊罗马时代Romantimes罗马时代age:特定的历史阶段,构成专有名词stoneage石器时代spaceage航天时代iceage冰河时代BoththeseshipssetoutfromShanghaionJune18th,1872onanexcitingracetoEngland.Thisrace,whichwentonforexactlyfourmonths,wasthelastofitskind.Itmarkedtheendofthegreattraditionofshipswithsailsandthebeginningofanewera.(l.8)两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国,途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。这场比赛持续了整整4个月,是这类比赛中的最后一次,它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。which----指代thisrace,引导非限定性定语从句ThefirstofthetwoshipstoreachJavaaftertheracehadbegunwastheThermopylae,butontheIndianOcean,theCuttySarktookthelead.Itseemedcertainthatshewouldbethefirstshiphome,butduringtheraceshehadalotofbadluck.(l.11)比赛开始后,“赛姆皮雷”号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上,“卡萨萨克”号驶到了前面。看来,它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了,但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句shewouldbethefirstshiphometookthelead:领先,短语中的lead作名词用,不作动词Japanhastakentheleadincarproduction.日本在汽车生产中居首位。Theytooktheleadinconductingtheexperiments.他们带头做试验。ThemissedopportunitywasGreece'sonlysignificanteffortinthehalfasSouthKoreatooktheleadfiveminuteslater.错失这个机会后,希腊队在上半场碌碌无为。五分钟后,韩国队取得领先。takethelead:处于领先地位losethelead:失去领先地位inthelead:处于领先地位(状态)takeoverthelead:取得领先地位InAugust,shewasstruckbyaveryheavystormduringwhichherrudderwastornaway.8月份“卡蒂萨克”号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击,失去了一只舵。(l.13)...wasstruckbyaveryheavystorm...严重地遇到了雨/雪becaughtintherain/snow遇到了雨/雪duringwhich为“介词+关系代词”的结构,引导定语从句,修饰storm,如果还原成duringthestorm…,则重复了storm,显得啰嗦,所以用which代替thestormbetornaway=bedestroyed,pulleddown,rippedoffYourreasonandyourpassionaretherudderandthesailsofyourseafaring(adj.航海的)soul.你们的理性与热情,是你们航行中的灵魂的舵与帆。Iftheydon’tfigureitout,theywilljustsailoffwithoutarudderandgetbuffeted(adj.被冲击的)intheveryroughseasoflife.如果你们没有它,在生活的大海中,你们会像没有舵的船那样失去方向,在每一个浪头间挣扎。TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.Atemporaryrudderwasmadeonboardfromspareplanksanditwasfittedwithgreatdifficulty.(l.14)船身左右摇晃,无法操纵。船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵,并克服重重困难将舵安装就位。onboard:在船(火车、飞机)上bemadefrom由…做成withgreatdifficulty充当wasfitted的方式状语,意思是“安装起来很困难”。Thenewgovernmentisseenasonethatwillsteerthecountryintherightdirection.新政府被认为能将这个国家引向正确的方向。Sinceyouarethesolecaptainofyourlife,don’tallowotherstosteertheship.因为你是你的生命之舟上唯一的船长,不允许他人去掌舵你这艘大船。Mostadolescentproblemsaretemporary.多数青春期的问题都是暂时的。Hesaystheywillbegiventemporarysheltersandmedicalcare,whileimmigrationauthoritiesdecidewhattodowiththem.他说,难民们将得到临时庇护所和医疗照顾,与此同时,移民当局决定如何处置他们。Thesleepingaccommodationconsistsofwoodenplankswithoutablanket.供睡觉用的就只有一块木板,没有毯子。Itwasverystrong,madeofthreesolidplanksofwood.它非常结实,是用三块厚木板做成的。Peterhadbuilttheoverhead(adj.在头顶上的)ladders,andthenextdayhefittedthemtothewall.彼得已经造好了悬挂梯,第二天他就把它们装在了墙上。Thisgreatlyreducedthespeedoftheship,fortherewasadangerthatifshetraveledtooquickly,thisrudderwouldbetornawayaswell.Becauseofthis,theCuttySarklostherlead.(l.15)这样一来,大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快,否则就有危险,应急舵也会被刮走。因为这个缘故,“卡蒂萨克”号落到了后面。For引导原因状语从句。That引导同位语从句,其中又含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句,整个同位语从句用来说明“什么样的危险”。This指代“舵坏了,找替代品使用”这件事情。AftercrossingtheEquator(n.赤道),thecaptaincalledinataporttohaveanewrudderfitted,butbynowtheThermop